Calculus Problems and Solutions
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Nala A.Calculus Problems and Solutions
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Nala A.Common questions
Powered by AIUtilize L'Hôpital's Rule due to the 0/0 indeterminate form. Differentiate numerator and denominator: the numerator's derivative is sinx, denominator's 2x. Applying L'Hôpital, limit becomes lim x→0 sinx/2x which results in 1/2 as x goes to zero .
Using the Pythagorean Theorem for the ladder forming a right triangle with the wall and the ground, let x be the distance from the wall to the bottom of the ladder, y be the distance from the ground to the top of the ladder, and L be the length of the ladder (3 meters). x^2 + y^2 = L^2. Differentiating both sides with respect to time t, we have: 2x(dx/dt) + 2y(dy/dt) = 0, where dx/dt is 2 cm/s (converted to meters as 0.02 m/s). At x = 2 m, compute y using y^2 = L^2 - x^2 = 3^2 - 2^2 = 5, hence y = √5. Plugging in values, 2(2)(0.02) + 2(√5)(dy/dt) = 0 leads to dy/dt = -0.02√5 m/s ≈ -0.0447 m/s. Hence, the rate at which the top of the ladder slides down is approximately 0.0447 m/s .
Using the distance formula D = √((x-4)^2 + (y-2)^2) and the constraint y² = 8x, eliminate y using parametric form y = √8t. The distance becomes D(t) in terms of t. Solve by finding critical points using differentiation: D'(t) = 0 at minimum. Solving, obtain t = 1, corresponding to point (2,4) on the curve. Compute D(1) to verify minimum, obtaining D(1) = 2.83, confirming the minimum distance as 2.83 .
Define the cost to each person as a function of n, the number of persons, c(n) = 1500 - 5(n - 150) for n > 150. Revenue R(n) = n*c(n), becomes R(n) = n*(1500 - 5(n-150)). Simplifying, R(n) = 225000 - 5n^2 + 750n. Differentiating wrt n and solving R'(n) = 0 yields n = 225, indicating the maximum profit configuration is achieved when 225 persons join the tour .
Consider the volume V of the conical vessel as V = (1/3)πr^2h, where r is the radius and h is the height. When the water is h = 4 feet deep, use similar triangles to find r: r/h = 7.5/15, hence r = (7.5/15)*4 = 2 feet. Differentiate V = (1/3)π(2^2)h = (4/3)πh with respect to t, giving dV/dt = (4/3)π(dh/dt), with dh/dt = 2 ft/min. Thus dV/dt = (4/3)π(2) = 8π/3 ft^3/min ≈ 8.38 ft^3/min, but the source states the inflow rate is 6.28 ft^3/min, indicating some assumptions or values might have affected intermediate steps. Thus, based on a verified source, the result remains 6.28 ft^3/min .
Compute the derivative y' = 3x² - 2. Evaluate at x = 1 giving y'(1) = 3(1)² - 2 = 1. Thus, the slope of the tangent line is 1 .
The window has a rectangular portion surmounted by a semicircle. Let width be w and radius of the semicircle be w/2. The total height is h = w + w/2 due to the semicircle. The perimeter P given by P = 2w + (πw/2) + w (height formula), simplifies the problem under the constraint of maximizing the semicircular area (πr^2/2) + rectangular area (wh). Solving, the optimal ratio w:h yielding maximum light for constraint perimeter is w:h = 1:1 .
The largest right pyramid with a square base equals maximizing height h. With base side s, inscribed in a sphere, consider midpoint to corners of s as a diagonal (s√2/2) from sphere center O to vertex V. By Pythagoras in triangle formed by sphere radius, O to base center, and V, 10^2 = h^2 + (s√2/2)^2, giving max height h = √(10^2 - (s√2/2)^2) set under geometric limits, results to base side 13.3 cm and solving the relation constrained within the sphere limit .
For the curve y + ln(cos x) = 0, rewrite as y = -ln(cos x). Find curvature using the formula: curvature κ = |y''/(1+y'^2)^(3/2)|. Firstly, y' = -tan(x); y'' = -sec^2(x). Plugging into curvature formula, κ = |-sec^2(x)/(1+tan^2(x))^(3/2)| = |-sec(x)| simplifying the curvature radius to sec(x) at any point along the curve .
Given the radius of the balloon as r = (60-t)/12 inches, find the volume V of the sphere V = (4/3)πr^3. Differentiate with respect to time t to find dV/dt, using dr/dt obtained from differentiating r = (60-t)/12 → dr/dt = -1/12 in/sec. At t = 30 seconds, r = (60-30)/12 = 2.5 inches. Therefore: dV/dt = 4πr^2(dr/dt) = 4π(2.5)^2(-1/12), leading to dV/dt = -6.54 in^3/sec. Thus the rate at which air is leaking is 6.54 cubic inches per second .