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Essentialism in Education Philosophy

This document outlines 8 major philosophies of education: Essentialism, Perennialism, Existentialism, Progressivism, Reconstructionism, Linguistic Philosophy, Behaviorism, and Constructivism. Each philosophy has a different aim, focus, and view of the teacher's role. The philosophies range from promoting core skills to reconstructing society to developing communication abilities to shaping learner behavior through their environment.

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Ferliza Cudiamat Pacion
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106 views2 pages

Essentialism in Education Philosophy

This document outlines 8 major philosophies of education: Essentialism, Perennialism, Existentialism, Progressivism, Reconstructionism, Linguistic Philosophy, Behaviorism, and Constructivism. Each philosophy has a different aim, focus, and view of the teacher's role. The philosophies range from promoting core skills to reconstructing society to developing communication abilities to shaping learner behavior through their environment.

Uploaded by

Ferliza Cudiamat Pacion
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Philosophy of Education Basic Features

1. Essentialism Aim: promote intellectual growth of learners for competence


Teacher’s role: Sole authority in the subject matter
Focus: Essential skills, 3 Rs
Trends: Back to Basics, cultural literacy, excellence

2. Perennialism Aim: To educate the rational person, cultivate intellect


Teacher’s role: Assist learners to think with reason (critical
thinking, HOTS)
Focus: Classical subject, Great Books, Enduring curriculum
Trends: Use of Great Books: Bible, Koran, Classical Books

3. Existentialism Aim: Education of the whole being, as unique individuals


Teacher’s role: help students define who they are, their
essence
Focus: Self-paced, self-directed, learner-centered
Trends: Individualized learning, values clarification

4. Progressivism Aim: Provide democratic social living


Teacher’s role: Develop lifelong learners
Focus: Learner-centeredness, interdisciplinary, outcomes-
based
Trends: Humanistic education, contextualized curriculum,
equal opportunities for all.

1. Reconstructionism Aim: Improve and reconstruct society. Education for change


Teacher’s role: Agent of change and reform
Focus: Transformation of present to future landscape
Trends: Global education, convergence, transformative
education

2. Linguistic Philosophy Aim: Develop communication skills in different languages


(Multilingualism)
Teacher’s role: Provide experiential learning to learn language
Focus: Language and communication
Trends: Mastery of communication skills (verbal, non-verbal),
paraverbal or listening, speaking, writing, reading and viewing)

3. Behaviorism Aim: Modify and shape learner’s behavior


Teacher’s role: Arrange environmental conditions to change
behavior
Focus: Learners and the learning environment that act as
stimuli
Trends: Education for sustainable development; ubiquitous
classrooms, multi-sensory stimuli

4. Constructivism Aim: Develop intrinsically motivated learners


Teacher’s role: Teaching students to learn, how to learn
Focus: Experiential Learning
Trends: UNESCO’s Pillars of Education; multiple perspectives

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