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Lesson 1 Representing Real-Life Situations Using Rational Functions
Try these!
1. The budget of a university organization is split evenly among its various committees. If they have a budget of
P60,000:
(a) Construct a function which would give the amount of money each of the number of committees would receive.
60000
f ( x )=
x
(b). If the organization has eight committees, how much would each committee have?
f ( x )=8
60000 60000
f ( x )= = =P7,500.00
x 8
2. A company has a budget of P90, 000to be split evenly among its various offices. The marketing office of the
company receives twice the amount of money than the other offices.
(a) Given as the number of offices in the company, construct a function which would give the amount of money
each of the non-marketing offices would receive.
90000
f ( x )=
x +1
(b). If the company had five offices, how much would the marketing office receive? How much would each of the
non-marketing offices receive?
90000 90000 90000
f ( x )= = = =P 15,000.00 for non−marketing offices a nd P 30,000 for marketing
x +1 5+ 1 6
Application
4t
Let C ( t )= 2 be the function that describes the concentration of a certain medication in the bloodstream
t +4
over time t.
a) What is C(0)? Why is that so?
4t 4( 0) 0 0
C ( t )= 2
= 2 = = =0
t + 4 0 +4 0+4 4
The answer is 0 because any number divided by 0 is equal to 0.
b) Construct a table of values for when t is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
t 0 1 2 3 4 5
C(t) 0 0.8 1 0.9231 0.8 0.6897

solution on table
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4t 4( 0) 0 0
C ( t )= 2 = 2 = = =0
t + 4 0 +4 0+4 4
4t 4 (1 ) 4 4
C ( t )= = 2 = = =0.8
t + 4 1 + 4 2+ 4 5
2

4t 4 ( 2) 8 8
C ( t )= = 2 = = =1
2
t +4 2 +4 4+ 4 8
4t 4 ( 3) 12 12
C ( t )= = 2 = = =0.9231
t + 4 3 +4 9+4 13
2

4t 4( 4) 16 16
C ( t )= 2
= 2 = = =0.8
t + 4 4 + 4 16+ 4 20
4t 4(5) 20 20
C ( t )= 2
= 2 = = =0.6897
t + 4 5 +4 25+ 4 29
c) Interpret your answer in relation to drug concentration.
1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

The graph represents that the maximum drug concentration occurs around 2 hours. After the 2 hours the graph tell
that drug concentration decreases until it reach 0.
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Lesson 2 Rational Functions, Equations, and Inequalities
Try these!
Seatwork1. Determine which of the following are rational expressions.
15
(a) =rationalexpression
√ x−1
( b ) 5 x 4−6 x 7 +1=rational expression
3
( c ) 5−x =rational expression
x
Seatwork2. Determine whether the given is a rational function, a rational equation, a rational inequality, or none of
these.
( a ) y=5 x 3−2 x+ 1→ rational function
8 x
( b ) −8= → rational equation
x 2 x−1
( c ) √ x−2=4 → rational equation
x−1
(d ) =x 3 → rational equation
x +1
3
( e ) y = 7 x −42
√ x+1 →rational function
x +3
5
( f ) 6 x− ≥ 0 →rational inequality
x+ 3
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Lesson 3 Solving Rational Equations, and Inequalities
Try these!
1. Find the solutions for each rational equation below. Make sure to check for extraneous solutions.
3 2
(a) =
x +1 x−3
3 x−9=2 x +2
3 x−2 x =2+ 9
x=11
3 2
Checking: x=11 =
x +1 x−3
3 2
=
11 +1 11−3
3 2
=
12 8
1 1
=
4 4
2x 5
(b) + =2
x +1 2 x
4 x2 5 x +5 4 x 2+ 4 x
2
+ 2 = 2
2 x + 2 x 2 x +2 x 2 x + 2 x
4 x2 5 x +5 4 x 2+ 4 x
2
2 x +2 x (2
+ 2
2 x +2 x 2 x +2 x
= )( 2
2 x +2x )
2 x 2 +2 x

2 2
4 x +5 x+ 5=4 x + 4 x
2 2
4 x −4 x + 5 x −4 x=−5
x=−5
Checking x = -5
2x 5
+ =2
x +1 2 x
2(−5) 5
+ =2
−5+ 1 2(−5)
−10 5
+ =2
−4 −10
−50 10
+ =2
−20 −20
−40
=2
−20
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2=2
2
( c ) x −10 = −14−5 x
x−1 x−1
2
x −10 −14−5 x
x−1 ( x−1 )(
=
x−1 )x−1

x 2−10=−14−5 x
2
x +5 x=−14 +10
x 2+5 x=−4
2
x +5 x +4=0
use quadratic formula
−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
x=
2a
−(5)± √ 52−4 (1)(4)
x=
2(1)
−5 ± √ 25−16
x=
2
−5 ± √ 9
x=
2
−5+3 −5−3
x= , x=
2 2
−2 −8
x= , x=
2 2
x=−1 , x =−4
Checking: x = -1
x 2−10 −14−5 x
=
x−1 x−1
−1 2−10 −14−5 (−1)
=
−1−1 −1−1
1−10 −14+5
=
−1−1 −1−1
−9 −9
=
−2 −2
Checking: x = -4
x 2−10 −14−5 x
=
x−1 x−1
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2
−4 −10 −14−5(−4)
=
−4−1 −4−1
16−10 −14+ 20
=
−4−1 −4−1
6 6
=
−5 −5
2
( d ) x −4 x = 14−9 x
x−2 x−2
x 2−4 x 14−9 x
x−2 ( x−2 )(
=
x−2 )
x−2

2
x −4 x =14−9 x
2
x −4 x +9 x=14
2
x +5 x=14
x 2+5 x−14=0
use quadratic formula
−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
x=
2a
−(5)± √ 52−4 ( 1 ) (−14)
x=
2(1)
−5 ± √ 25+56
x=
2
−5 ± √ 81
x=
2
−5+9 −5−9
x= , x=
2 2
4 −14
x= , x=
2 2
x=2 , x =−7
Checking: x = 2
x 2−4 x 14−9 x
=
x −2 x−2
2
2 −4 (2) 14−9 ( 2 )
=
2−2 2−2
4−8 14−18
=
0 0
−4 −4
=
0 0
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Checking: x = -7
2
x −4 x 14−9 x
=
x −2 x−2
−7 2−4(−7) 14−9−7
=
−7−2 −7−2
49+28 14+63
=
−9 −9
77 77
=
−9 −9
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Lesson 4 Representation of Rational Functions

Try these!
Seatwork 1. The electric current I (in amperes) passing through a resistor is related to the voltage V across a

V
resistor (in volts) and the resistance R (in ohms) by the formula ¿ . If the resistor is connected across the
R
terminals of a car battery (12 volts), construct a table of values of the current across the resistor for the different
resistor values from 2000 ohms to 5000 ohms. Use intervals of 1000 ohms. Plot these values as points in the
Cartesian plane and connect the points. Is this a smooth curve or a straight line?
solution on table
V 12 12 12 12
I= = = = =
R 2000 3000 4000 5000
R 2000 ohms 3000 ohms 4000 ohms 5000 ohms
I 0.006 amp 0.004 amp 0.003 amp 0.0024

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500

This is a smooth curve.

x−3
Seatwork 2. Construct a table of values for the function f ( x )= for −6 ≤ x ≤ 2, x taking on integer
x+ 4
values. Identify values of x where the function will be undefined. Plot the points corresponding to values in the
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table. Connect these points with a smooth curve. Explain why the points cannot be joined by a single curve.
Identify the zeroes of this function.
x -6 -4 -2 0 2 4
f(x) 4.5 ∞ -2.5 -0.75 -0.1667 0.125
solution on table
x−3 −6−3 −9
f ( x )= , x=−6 → = =4.5
x+ 4 −6+4 −2
x−3 −4−3 −7
f ( x )= , x=−4 → = =∞∨undefined
x+ 4 −4+ 4 0
x−3 −2−3 −5
f ( x )= , x=−2→ = =−2.5
x+ 4 −2+ 4 2
x−3 0−3 −3
f ( x )= , x=0→ = =−0.75
x+ 4 0+ 4 4
x−3 2−3 −1
f ( x )= , x=2 → = =−0.1667
x+ 4 2+4 6
x−3 4−3 1
f ( x )= , x=4 → = =0.125
x+ 4 4 +4 8
x=−4 was the value where the function is undefined
5

0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

-1

-2

-3

Points cannot be joined by a single curve because of the function undefined.

x−3
=0
x +4
7
(1− )( x +4)
x+ 4
=0
x +4
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7
1− =0
x+ 4
−7
=−1
x+4
7
(x+ 4)− =−1(x +4 )
x +4
−7=−x−4 ¿
x=−4+7
x−3
x=3 is the zeros of the function f ( x )=
x+ 4
Checking: x = 3
x−3
=0
x +4
3−3
=0
3+ 4
0
=0
7
0=0
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Lesson 5 Graphing Rational Functions
Try these!
Seatwork 1. For each, identify x- and y-intercepts, the asymptotes, and the intervals where the function is above or
below the x-axis. Sketch the graph. Identify the domain, and (if possible) the range. You can confirm your work
using a graphing software.
2
( a ) f ( x )=
x +1
2
y=
x+ 1
2
=0
x +1
2
( x+1) =0(x +1)
x +1
2=0 x +0 ¿
0 x=−2
¿
x - intercept is¿

2
y=
x+ 1
2
y=
0+1
2
y=
1
y=2
2
2=
x+ 1
2 x +2=2
2 x =2−2
2 x =0
2x 0
=
2 2
x=0
y - intercept is(0,2)
2
f ( x )=
x+ 1
x=a , if a is equal ¿−1
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2 2 2
checking: = = the denominator is 0
x +1 −1+1 0
Vertical Asymptotes: x=−1
2
f ( x )=
x+ 1
2
y= n< m=0
1
Horizontal Asymptotes: y=0
Graph the function 1st, in the graph the interval is decreasing on: ( ∞ ,−1 ) ,(−1 , ∞) or undefined

Domain: ( ∞ ,−1 ) ∪ (−1 , ∞ ) , { x∨x ≠ −1 }∨undefined

Range: ( ∞ , 0 ) ∪ ( 0 ,∞ ) , { y∨ y ≠ 0 }∨undefined

2
( b ) f ( x )= 2
x + 2 x +1
2
y= 2
x +2 x +1
2
2
=0
x +2 x+1
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x
2
(¿¿ 2+2 x+1) 2 =0( x 2 +2 x+1)
x + 2 x +1
¿
2=0 x 2 +0 x+ 0
2
−0 x −0 x=0−2
−0 x 2−0 x=−2
¿
x - intercept is¿

2
y= 2
x +2 x +1
2
y= 2
0 +2(0)+1
2
y=
0+0+ 1
2
y=
1
y=2
2
y= 2
x +2 x +1
2
2= 2
x +2 x +1
2
2 x +4 x+2=2
2
2 x +4 x=2−2
2
2 x +4 x=0
use quadratic formula
2
−b ± √ b −4 ac
x=
2a
−(4)± √ 4 2−4(2)(0)
x=
2( 2)
−4 ± √ 16−0
x=
4
−4 ± √ 16
x=
4
−4 ± 4
x=
4
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−4 +4 −4−4
x= , x=
4 4
0 −8
x= , x=
4 4
x=0 , x=−2 is an extraneous solution by checking
y - intercept is ( 0,2 )
2
f ( x )= 2
x +2 x +1

x=a , if a is equal ¿−1

2 2 2
checking: = 2 = the denominator is 0
x +2 x+1 −1 +2(−1)+ 1 0
2

Vertical Asymptotes: x=−1

2
f ( x )= 2
x +2 x +1
2
y= n< m=0
1
Horizontal Asymptotes: y=0
Graph the function 1st, in the graph the interval is increasing on: ( ∞ ,−1 ) and decreasing on: (−1 , ∞) or
undefined
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Domain: ( ∞ ,−1 ) ∪ (−1 , ∞ ) , { x∨x ≠ −1 }∨undefined

Range: ( 0 , ∞ ) , { y ∨ y ≠ 0 }∨undefined

3x
( c ) f ( x )=
x +3
3x
y=
x+ 3
3x
0=
x +3
0 x+ 0=3 x
0 x−3 x=−0
−3 x=−0
−3 x −0
=
−3 −3
x=0
3x
y=
x+ 3
3(0)
y=
0+3
0
y=
3
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y=0
x - intercept is(0,0)
3x
y=
x+ 3
3(0)
y=
0+3
0
y=
3
y=0
3x
y=
x+ 3
3x
0=
x +3
0 x+ 0=3 x
0 x−3 x=−0
−3 x=−0
−3 x −0
=
−3 −3
x=0
y - intercept is(0,0)
3x
f (x)=
x+ 3
x=a , if a is equal ¿−3
3 x 3(−3) 0
checking: = = the denominator is 0
x +3 −3+3 0
Vertical Asymptotes: x=−3
3x
f ( x )=
x+ 3
3x
y= =3
x
Horizontal Asymptotes: y=3
Graph the function 1st, in the graph the interval is increasing on: ( ∞ ,−3 ) ,(−3 , ∞) or undefined
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Domain: ( ∞ ,−3 ) ∪ (−3 , ∞ ) , { x ∨x ≠ −3 }∨undefined

Range: ( ∞ ,3 ) ∪(3 , ∞) , { y∨ y ≠ 3 }∨undefined

2 x +3
( d ) f ( x )=
4 x−7
2 x +3
y=
4 x −7

2 x+3
0=
4 x−7

0 x−0=2 x +3

0 x−2 x=3+0

−2 x =3

−2 x 3
=
−2 −2

−3
x=
2

2 x +3
y=
4 x −7
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−3
2( )+3
2
y=
−3
4( )−7
2

−6
+3
2
y=
−12
−7
2

−3+ 3
y=
−6−7

0
y=
−13

y=0

−3
x - intercept is( , 0)
2
2 x +3
y=
4 x −7

2(0)+3
y=
4 (0)−7

0+3
y=
0−7

3
y=
−7

−3
y=
7

2 x +3
y=
4 x −7

−3 2 x+3
=
7 4 x−7

−12 x +21=14 x+21

−12 x−14 x=21−21

−26 x=0

−26 x 0
=
−26 −26
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x=0

3
y - intercept is(0 ,− )
7
2 x +3
f (x)=
4 x−7

7
x=a , if a is equal ¿
4
7 7 13
2( )+3 +3
2 x+ 3 4 2 2
checking: = = = the denominator is 0
4 x−7 7 7−7 0
4( )−7
4
7
Vertical Asymptotes: x=
4
2 x +3
f (x)=
4 x−7

2x 1
y= =
4x 2
1
Horizontal Asymptotes: y=
2

Graph the function 1st, in the graph the interval is decreasing on: (∞ , 74 ) ,( 74 , ∞) or undefined
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7 7 7
4 ( ) ( ){
Domain: ∞ , ∪ , ∞ , x∨x ≠ ∨undefined
4 4 }
Range: (∞ , 12 ) ∪( 12 , ∞) , { y∨ y ≠ 3}∨undefined
(4 x −3)(x−1)
( e ) f ( x) =
(2 x+1)(x +1)
(4 x−3)( x−1)
y=
(2 x +1)( x +1)
(4 x−3)( x −1)
0=
(2 x +1)( x+ 1)
(0 x+ 0)(0 x+ 0)=(4 x−3)( x−1)
0 x 2+ 0 x +0=4 x 2−7 x +3
2 2
0 x −4 x +0 x +7 x=3−0
−4 x 2 +7 x=3
2
−4 x +7 x−3=0
use quadratic formula
−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
x=
2a
−(7)± √72 −4 (−4)(−3)
x=
2(−4 )
−7 ± √49−48
x=
−8
−7 ± √ 1
x=
−8
−7 ±1
x=
−8
−7+1 −7−1
x= , x=
−8 −8
−6 −8
x= , x=
−8 −8
3
x= , x=1
4
( 4 x−3)( x−1) (4 x−3)( x−1)
y= , y=
(2 x +1)(x +1) ( 2 x +1)(x +1)
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3 3
(4( )−3)( −1)
4 4 (4 (1)−3)( 1−1)
y= , y=
3 3 (2(1)+1)(1+1)
(2 ( )+1)( +1)
4 4
12 3
(−3)( −1)
4 4 ( 4−3)(1−1)
y= , y=
6 3 (2+ 1)(1+1)
( + 1)( +1)
4 4
0∗−1
4 1∗0
y= , y=
5 3∗2
∗7
2
4
0 0
y= , y=
35 6
8
y=0, y=0

x - intercept is ( 34 , 0),( 1,0)

(4 x−3)( x−1)
y=
(2 x +1)( x +1)
( 4( 0)−3)(0−1)
y=
(2 (0)+ 1)(0+ 1)
( 4( 0)−3)(0−1)
y=
(2 (0)+ 1)(0+ 1)
(0−3)(0−1)
y=
(0+1)(0+1)
(−3)(−1)
y=
(1)(1)
3
y=
1
y=3
(4 x−3)( x−1)
y=
(2 x +1)( x +1)
(4 x−3)( x−1)
3=
(2 x +1)( x+1)
3 {( 2 x+1 ) ( x+ 1 ) }=(4 x−3)( x−1)
3 ( 2 x 2 +3 x+ 1 )=4 x 2−7 x+3
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2 2
6 x + 9 x +3=4 x −7 x +3
2 2
6 x −4 x +9 x +7 x=3−3
2 x 2 +16 x=0
use quadratic formula
−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
x=
2a
−(16) ± √162 −4 (2)(0)
x=
2(2)
−16 ± √ 256−0
x=
4
−16 ± √ 256
x=
4
−16 ±16
x=
4
−16+16 −16−16
x= , x=
4 4
0 −32
x= , x=
4 4
x=0 , x=−8 is an extraneous solution by checking
y - intercept is(0, 3)
(4 x−3)( x−1)
f ( x)=
(2 x +1)( x+1)
1
x=a , if a is equal ¿−1 ,−
2
(4 x−3)(x−1) (4 (−1)−3)(−1−1) (−7)(−2) 14
checking: = = = the denominator is 0
(2 x+1)( x +1) (2(−1)+1)(−1+1) (−1)(0) 0
−1 −1 −3 15
(4 (
)−3)( −1) (−5)( )
(4 x−3)(x−1) 2 2 2 2
checking: = = = the denominator is 0
(2 x+1)( x +1) (2( −1 )+ 1)( −1 +1) 1 0
(0)( )
2 2 2
1
Vertical Asymptotes: x=−1,−
2
(4 x−3)( x−1)
f ( x)=
(2 x +1)( x+1)
4x
y= =2
2x
Horizontal Asymptotes: y=2
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1−√ 105 1+ √ 105
Graph the function 1st, in the graph the interval is increasing on: (
( ∞ ,−1 ) , 1 ,
13 )(
,
13
,∞ ) or

undefined and decreasing on: ( 1−13√ 105 ,− 12 ) ,( −12 , 1+13√ 105 )

1 1
Domain: ( ∞ ,−1 ) ∪ −1 ,−( 2)∪(
−1
2 {
, ∞) , x∨x ≠− ,−1 ∨undefined
2 }
Range: ( ∞ ,−41−4 √ 105 ) ∪(−41+ 4 √ 105 , ∞) , { y∨ y ≤−41−4 √ 105 , y ≥−41+4 √ 105 } ∨undefined
(5 x −2)(x−2)
(f ) f (x )=
(3 x−4)(x +2)
2
( g ) f ( x )= x2 −x+6
x −6 x+8
2
( h ) f ( x )= x −4 x −5
x−4
x−1
(i) f (x )=
x 3−4 x
2
( j ) f ( x )= x 2−9
x +4
I can’t answer this anymore coz, I need now to prioritize my study. Thanks ;)
Bakit hindi mo’ko in-add ngay? HAHAHA
Thanks sa pa-kape ;) baka naman madagdagan sa susunod(kidding aside) haha
Bakit hindi mo’ko in-add ngay? HAHAHA
Thanks sa pa-kape ;) baka naman madagdagan sa susunod(kidding aside) haha