Chapter 3
Research Design
This study is a quantitative in nature since the questions pose will be answered by numerical data. Specifically,
this investigation utilized a Quasi –experimental or more specifically the time series design. Wherein we
measured the dependent variable at multiple times before and after treatment to help us eliminate the problems
associated with only having a snapshot outcome. To illustrate, suppose we test the treatment for the
effectiveness of the pesticide. We used the basic time series design, we recorded the amount of pest at multiple
times before and after we give the treatment.
Selection and Description of Respondents
The population will be random plant or ornamentals plants. There is 1 plant per pot and the parameter of
our study will be measure the number of pest removed in the plant.
A. Volume of pest removed – the pest killed will be measured every 3 days by counting it manually.
This means it will be determined all by numbers.
B. Sizes of insects or pest – this will be measured in millimetre, this means the size will be
determined all in measurement.
C. Physical Appearance – even though this can’t be measured, it is still important to observe the
appearance of the plant being used as the subject. To know whether the pesticide is killing and
toxic to the plant. Need to see if there is injury to plant tissue (leaves, stems, flowers, etc.) from
exposure to product. Symptoms include brown spotting on leaves or leaf edge burn, yellow
patches on foliage, and stunting or distortion of new growth.
For each treatment, we will use scientific sampling and the method is simple random sampling which is every
pot of each treatments are given an equal chance to be selected as respondent. There are 3 pots for each Leaf
Extract ,Seed Extract and stem juices will be their representative randomly. If there’s a plant that dies it will not
be included in the data.
Data Gathering Instrument
The data gathering instrument that we will be using is observation. By using of this instrument we can examine
and observe the potted plants if there is a change of appearance and the volume of leaves from using the leaf
extract solution and seed extract solution.
A. Formula I – Leaf Extract
The manufacturing steps of natural pesticides from the leaves of Jatropha Curcas, Collect approximately 500 g
of Jatropha leaves. The leaves were cleaned thoroughly in running water. Jatropha leaf mash until [Link]
results of the collision / chopped soaked in the 10 liters of water then add 2 tablespoons of kerosene and 30 g
detergent . Filtering the results of soaking solution with soft cloth. And the solution squirted into the plant
distillate.
B. Formula II – Seed Extract
The plant crude extracts were obtained using the decoction method after the seed were thoroughly washed
under running tap water, dried in shade. A total of 20 g of the plant plant seed were macerated in 40 mL of
ethyl acetate (EA) and methanol (ME) moderately polar solvent systems for 24 h, respectively. The
concentration process of the crude extracts were done after filtration using a filter paper in a ventilated fume
cupboard at room temperature and then stored in dark bottles. The Soxhlet distillation steps were carried out
for the seed oil extraction after the seeds were reduced to powder from the two different solvent systems and
again stored until further use.
C. Formula III – Stem Juices
The juice was collected in a clean reagent bottle and serially diluted appropriately with distilled water.
And left for 24 hours.
Data Gathering Procedure
A total of nine potted plants was used as the subject. We used 250 milligram of different solution on
each potted plant. Since we are not using an actual being we didn’t need to make a consent. The subject
was first made sure that it was healthy and doesn’t have any damage to make sure that the research
wouldn’t have any issues. We also considered the weather patterns and do not apply the pesticide just
prior to rainfall or during windy conditions. We will also take pictures of the subject before and after
using the same camera and amount of light accuracy of the picture. The researchers will observe the
subject daily to monitor the amount of pest removed, the size of the pest being removed and also the
appearance of the plant whether its still healthy or is it already dying.