Module 5
PERCENT
A percent is a ratio whose second term is 100. Percent means parts per hundred. The word
comes from the Latin phrase per centum, which means per hundred. In mathematics, we use the
symbol % for percent.
Converting Fraction to Percent
We will follow the following steps for converting a fraction into a percentage:
Step I: Obtain the fraction. Let the fraction is x/y.
Step II: Multiply the fraction by 100 and write the percentage (%) symbol to find the required
percent. Therefore, x/y = (x/y × 100) %
1. Convert each of the following fractions as percentage:
(i) 3/25 = (3/25 × 100) % = 12 %
(iii) 4/5 = (4/5 × 100) % = 80 %
(iii) 3/4 = (3/4 × 100) % = 75 %
(iv) 2/3 = (2/3 × 100) % = (200/3) % = 66 2/3 %
(v) 1 = (1 × 100) % = 100 %
Note: 100 % = 1
2. Convert 7/20 to per cent.
7/20 = (7/20 × 100) % = 35 %
3. Express each of the following fraction into a percentage:
(i) 6/5
= (6/5 × 100) % = 120 %
(ii) 42/5
= 22/5 = (22/5 × 100) % = 440 %
(iii)11/4
= 5/4 = (5/4 × 100) % = 125 %
4. Express each of the following statements in the percentage form:
(i) 5 out of 20 eggs are bad
= 5/20 eggs are bad
= (5/20 × 100) % eggs are bad
= 25 % eggs are bad
(ii) 3 children in a class of 30 are absent.
= 3/30 children are absent
= (3/30 × 100) % children are absent
= 10 % children are absent
(iii)21 apples out of 30 are good
= 21/30 apples are good
= (21/30 × 100) % apples are good
= 70 % apples are good
(iv) 47 students out of 50 are present
= 47/50 students are present
= (47/50 × 100) % students are present
= 94 % students are present
How to covert a percentage into fraction?
We will follow the following steps for converting a percentage into a fraction:
Step I: Obtain the given percentage. Let it be x %.
Step II: Remove the percentage sign (%) and then divide the number by 100. Therefore, x % =
x/100
Step III: Reduce the fraction obtained to its lowest terms as required.
1. Express each of the following percentage into fraction in lowest terms:
(i) 16 % = 16/100 = 4/25
(ii) 48 % = 48/100 = 12/25
(iii) 5 % = 5/100 = 1/20
(iv) 25 % = 25/100 = 1/4
(v) 115 % = 115/100 = 23/20
(vi) 1 % = 1/100
2. Convert 27 per cent to fraction.
27 % = 27/100
3. Convert each of the following percentage as fractions in the lowest form:
(i) 24 % = 24/100 = 6/25
(ii) 62 % = 62/100 = 31/50
(iii) 30 % = 30/100 = 3/10
(iv) 75 % = 75/100 = ¾
(v) 10 % = 10/100 = 1/10
4. Convert each of the decimal percentage as fractions in the lowest form:
(i) 3.5 % = 35/10 % = 35/10 × 1/100 = 7/100
(ii) 0.5 % = 5/10 % = 5/10 × 1/100 = 1/200
(iii) 30.2% = 322/10 % = 322/10 × 1/100 = 322/1000 = 151/500
(iv) 0.4 % = 4/10 % = 4/10 × 1/100 = 4/1000 = 1/250
(v) 0.375 % = 375/1000 % = 375/1000 × 1/100 = 375/100000 = 3/800
5. Convert each of the fraction percentage as fractions in the lowest form:
(i) 32/5 % = 17/5 % = 17/5 × 1/100 = 17/500
(ii) 2/5 % = 2/5 × 1/100 = 1/250
(iii) 162/3 % = 50/3 % = 50/3 × 1/100 = 50/300 = 1/6
(iv) 51/8 % = 41/8 % = 41/8 × 1/100 = 41/800
(v) 2¾ % = 11/4 % = 11/4 × 1/100 = 11/400
How to convert a given percentage into decimal?
We will follow the following steps for converting a percentage into a decimal:
Step I: Obtain the percentage which is to be converted into decimal Step II:
Remove the percentage sign (%) and divide it by 100.
Step III: Express the fraction in the decimal form
Remember: Remove % sign and move the decimal two places to the left.
1. Express each of the following percentage as decimals:
(i) 23 % = 23/100 = 0.23
(ii) 16 % = 16/100 = 0.16
(iii) 47 % = 47/100 = 0.47
(iv) 1 % = 1/100 = 0.01
(v) 25 % = 25/100 = 0.25
Note: Decimal shifts by 2 places to the left.
2. Express each of the following decimal percentage as decimals:
(i) 1.75 % = 1.75/100 = (1.75 × 100)/(100 × 100) = 175/10000 = 0.0175
(ii) 7.5 % = 7.5/100 = (7.5 × 10)/(100 × 10) = 75/1000 = 0.075
(iii) 31.5 % = 31.5/100 = (31.5 × 10)/(100 × 10) = 315/1000 = 0.315
(iv) 0.18 % = 0.18/100 = (0.18 × 100)/(100 × 100) = 18/10000 = 0.0018
(v) 231.2 % = 231.2/100 = (231.2 × 10)/(100 × 10) = 2312/1000 = 2.312
3. Express each of the following fraction percentage as decimals:
(i) 4/5 % = 0.8 % = 0.8/100 = (0.8 × 10)/(100 × 10) = 8/1000 = 0.008
(ii) 9/20 % = 0.45 % = 0.45/100 = (0.45 × 100)/(100 × 100) = 45/10000 = 0.0045
(iii) 1/80 % = 0.0125 % = 0.0125/100 = (0.0125 × 10000)/(100 × 10000) = 125/1000000 =
0.000125
13/50 % = 0.26 % = 0.26/100 = (0.26 × 100)/(100 × 100) = 26/10000 = 0.0026
(iv) 44/5 % = 8.8 % = 8.8/100 = (8.8 × 10)/(100 × 10) = 88/1000 = 0.088
How to convert a decimal into percentage?
We will follow the following steps for converting a decimal into a percentage: Step I:
Obtain the number in decimal form.
Step II: Multiply the number in decimal form by 100 and put percent sign (%)
Note: When we multiply the decimal number by 100, then we need to shift the decimal point
two places to the right (add zeros if necessary).
I. Express each of the following decimal as percent:
(i) 0.8 = 0.8 × 100 % = 80 %
(ii) 1.2 = 1.2 × 100 % = 120 %
(iii) 7.1 = 7.1 × 100 % = 710 %
(iv) 10.1 = 10.1 × 100 % = 1010 %
(v) 31.3 = 31.3 × 100 % = 3130 %
(vi) 123.7 = 123.7 × 100 % = 12370 %
(vii) 101.9 = 101.9 × 100 % = 10190 %
II. Conversion of decimal into percent:
(i) 0.29 = 0.29 × 100 % = 29 %
(ii) 0.25 = 0.25 × 100 % = 25 %
(iii) 0.01 = 0.01 × 100 % = 1 %
(iv) 0.51 = 0.51 × 100 % = 51 %
(v) 13.01 = 13.01 × 100 % = 1301 %
(vi) 201.17 = 201.17 × 100 % = 20117 %
(vii) 100.11 = 100.11 × 100 % = 10011 %
III. Convert the following decimal into a percentage:
(i) 0.083 = 0.083 × 100 % = 8.3 %
(ii) 0.225 = 0.225 × 100 % = 22.5 %
(iii) 0.001 = 0.001 × 100 % = 0.1 %
(iv) 0.003 = 0.003 × 100% = 0.3 %
(v) 0.107 = 0.107 × 100 % = 10.7 %
(vi) 1.037 = 1.037 × 100 % = 103.7 %
(vii) 21.275 = 21.275 × 100 % = 2127.5 %
Note: Decimals shifts by 2 places to the right.
Word problems on percentage:
1. In an exam Ashley secured 332 marks. If she secured 83 % makes, find the maximum marks.
Solution:
Let the maximum marks be m.
Ashley’s marks = 83% of m
Ashley secured 332 marks
Therefore, 83% of m = 332 83/100
× m = 332 m = (332 × 100)/83 m
=33200/83 m = 400
Therefore, Ashley got 332 marks out of 400 marks.
2. An alloy contains 26 % of copper. What quantity of alloy is required to get 260 g of
copper?
Solution:
Let the quantity of alloy required = m g
Then 26 % of m =260 g 26/100 × m = 260 g m = (260 × 100)/26
g m = 26000/26 g m = 1000 g
3. There are 50 students in a class. If 14% are absent on a particular day, find the number of
students present in the class.
Solution:
Number of students absent on a particular day = 14 % of 50
i.e., 14/100 × 50 = 7
Therefore, the number of students present = 50 - 7 = 43 students.
4. In a basket of apples, 12% of them are rotten and 66 are in good condition. Find the total
number of apples in the basket.
Solution:
Let the total number of apples in the basket be m
12 % of the apples are rotten, and apples in good condition are 66
Therefore, according to the question,
88% of m = 66 88/100 × m =
66 m = (66 × 100)/88 m = 3 ×
25 m = 75
Therefore, total number of apples in the basket is 75.
Let’s test your knowledge!
Answer the following problems. Show your solution. (5pts each)
1. In a class of 50 students, 34 are girls. What percent of a class are girls? What
percent of the class are boys?
2. There are 475 varieties of cacti collection of Mrs. Venegas. If 38% of them are
dwarfed, how many varieties are small flower pots?
3. 14% of P90 is how much?
4. 3 is 8% of what number?
5. What is 5% of 60?
6. In the United States, 13 out of every 20 cans are recycled. What percent of cans are
recycled?
7. There are 25 students in Ms. Nguyen's second-grade class. In the class election, 4
students voted for Benjamin, 12 voted for Sahil, and 9 voted for Maria. What percentage
of the class voted for Maria?
8. Tiza Elementary School has 800 students. Every Wednesday, 12%, percent of the
students stay after school for Chess Club. How many students attend Chess Club on
Wednesdays?
9. What is 23% of 80?
10. What percent of 40 is 12?
