BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS
BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FORMULAS
IMPEDANCE VOLT-AMP EQUATIONS ENERGY
CIRCUIT
absolute complex instantaneous RMS values for (dissipated on R
ELEMENT
value form values sinusoidal signals or stored in L, C)
RESISTANCE R R v=iR Vrms=IrmsR E=Irms2R×t
INDUCTANCE 2πfL jωL v=L×di/dt Vrms=Irms×2πfL E=Li2/2
CAPACITANCE 1/(2πfC) 1/jωC i=C×dv/dt Vrms=Irms/(2πfC) E=Cv2/2
Notes:
R- electrical resistance in ohms, L- inductance in henrys, C- capacitance in farads, f - frequency
in hertz, t- time in seconds, π≈3.14159;
ω=2πf - angular frequency;
j - imaginary unit ( j2=-1 )
BASIC ELECTRICAL THEOREMS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAWS
LAW DEFINITION RELATIONSHIP
Ù=Z×Ì, where Ù and Ì - voltage and
Ohm's Law modified Lorentz force law,
current phasors, Z - complex
for AC circuits with Faraday's law and Drude
impedance
sinusoidal signals model
(for resistive circuits: u=R×i )
The sum of electric currents which
Kirchhoff's Current flow into any junction in an electric Conservation of electric
Law (KCL) circuit is equal to the sum of currents charge
which flow out
Kirchhoff's Voltage The sum of the electrical voltages
Conservation of energy
Law (KVL) around a closed circuit must be zero
EQUATIONS FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTIONS
CIRCUIT SERIES PARALLEL
ELEMENT CONNECTION CONNECTION
Rparallel=
Rseries=
1/
RESISTANCE R1+R2+...
(1/R1+1/R2+...)
Lseries= Lparallel=
INDUCTANCE L1+L2+... 1/(1/L1+1/L2+...)
Cseries=
Cparallel=
CAPACITANCE 1/
C1+C2+...
(1/C1+1/C2+...)
RLC IMPEDANCE FORMULAS
CIRCUIT CONNECTION COMPLEX FORM ABSOLUTE VALUE
1 2
Z=R+jωL+1/jωC Z R 2 ( L )
Series C
1
Z= Z
1 1 2
1/(1/R+1/jωL+jωC) ( C )
R 2
L
Parallel
MAGNETIC FIELD UNITS AND EQUATIONS
CONVER-
SYM- CGS CGS
QUANTITY SI UNIT SI EQUATION SION
BOL UNIT EQUATION
FACTOR
Magnetic Gauss 1T=
B tesla (T) B=µo(H+M) B = H+4πM
induction (G) 104 G
ampere/ H = NI/lc H = 0.4πNI/lc 1 A/m =
Magnetic Oersted
H meter ( lc - magnetic (lc - magnetic 4 π×10-3
field strength (Oe)
(A/m) path, m) path, cm) Oe
Φ = BAc
weber Maxwell Φ = BAc 1 Wb = 108
Magnetic flux Φ (Ac - area,
(Wb) (M) (Ac - area, cm2 ) M
m2 )
M=m/V M=m/V
(m- total (m- total
ampere/ 1 A/m =
magnetic magnetic
Magnetization M meter emu/cm3 10-3
moment, moment,
(A/m) emu / cm3
V- volume, V- volume,
m3 ) cm3 )
Magnetic
newton/
permeability µo µo= 4π×10-7 1 - 4π×10-7
ampere2
of vacuum
L=
2
L=μoμN Ac/lc =0.4πμN2Ac/lc×
(N- turns, ×10-8
Inductance L henry Ac- area, m2, henry (N- turns, 1
lc - magnetic Ac-area, cm2,
path, m) lc - magnetic
path, cm)
V= -10-8×
V=-N×dΦ/dt
Emf (voltage) V volt volt ×N×dΦ/dt 1
(N- turns)
(N- turns)
MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS IN FREE SPACE (IN SI UNITS)
LAW DIFFERENTIAL FORM INTEGRAL FORM
Gauss' law for
electricity
Gauss' law for
magnetism
Faraday's law
of induction
Ampere's law
NOTES: E - electric field, ρ - charge density, ε0 ≈ 8.85×10-12 - electric permittivity of free space, π ≈ 3.14159,
k - Boltzmann's constant, q - charge, B - magnetic induction, Φ - magnetic flux, J - current density, i - electric
current,
c ≈ 299 792 458 m/s - the speed of light, µ0 = 4π×10-7 - magnetic permeability of free space, - del operator (if
.
V is a vector function, then V - divergence of V, ×V - the curl of V).
REFERENCES:
1. EE Information Online
2. Electrical References 2014
© 2009 Lazar Rozenblat
SMPS Power Supply Guide ( [Link] ) - tutorials, electronics reference,
formulas, schematics.
Lazar Rozenblat on Google+
