MELR11 - SOM/FMM LABORATORY
Name : Amishasharon Rajavijai Sahidha
Roll Number : 111120011
Ex. No: 2
TORSION TEST ON MILD STEEL
Date:19.08.2021
AIM:
To conduct the torsion test on the given mild steel specimen to determine the following
1. Modulus of rigidity (Shear Modulus)
2. Shear stress (Yield point stress)
3. Modulus of rupture
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. A torsion test machine along with angle of twist measuring attachment.
2. Standard specimen of mild steel
3. Steel rule
4. Vernier caliper
THEORY:
For transmitting power through a rotating shaft, it is necessary to apply a turning force. The force is applied
tangentially and in the plane of transverse cross section. The torque or twisting moment may be calculated by
multiplying two opposite turning moments. It is said to be in pure torsion and it will exhibit the tendency of shearing
off at every cross section which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
MELR11 - SOM/FMM LABORATORY
FORMULA USED:
16 � �
1. Shear stress, τ = ��3
N/mm2
��4
2. Polar moment of inertia, J = 32
mm4
���
3. Modulus of rigidity, c = � � � N/mm2
Where, T = Torque in Nmm
d = Diameter of the specimen
θ = Angle of twist
PROCEDURE:
1. Measure the diameter and length of the given rod.
2. The rod is fixing in to the grip of machine.
3. Set the pointer on the torque measuring scale.
4. The handle of machine is rotate in one direction.
5. The torque and angle of test are noted for five degree.
6. Now the handle is rotated in reverse direction and rod is taken out
MELR11 - SOM/FMM LABORATORY
OBSERVATION:
Diameter of the Specimen = 11.4mm
Gauge length of the Specimen = 195mm
GRAPH:
TABULATION:
Angle of twist (θ) Torque (T)
S. No
Degree Radian Kg.f.m N-mm
1. 150 2.62 8.8 86298.52
2. 390 6.81 11.1 108853.81
3. 660 11.52 12.5 122583.13
4. 810 14.14 13 127486.45
5. 1440 25.13 15 147099.75
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MELR11 - SOM/FMM LABORATORY
CALCULATION :
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MELR11 - SOM/FMM LABORATORY
RESULT:
Shear stress, τ = 188.94 N/mm2
Rigidity modulus, C = 51610.97 N/mm2
Modulus of Rupture = 536.47 N/mm2
DISCUSSION:
1. What do you mean by modulus of rigidity?
Modulus of Rigidity (Shear Modulus) is the coefficient of elasticity for a shearing force.
It is defined as the ratio of shear stress to the displacement per unit sample length (shear
strain). Modulus of Rigidity can be experimentally determined from the slope of a stress-
strain curve created during tensile tests conducted on a sample of the material.
2. Define modulus of rupture?
Modulus of Rupture, also known as Flexural strength or Bend strength or Transverse
rupture strength, is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields
in a flexure test.
3. How the angle of twist is measured in this test?
A troptometer is used to measure the angle of twist to an accuracy of one minute in this
test.
4. Why does the brittle material fail in helicoidal shape and ductile material shears on right
section under torsion load?
Brittle materials have minimum tensile strength. They fail due to tension stresses and
hence under torsion load they fail at 45 degree plane, that is, in a helicoidal shape.
On the pther hand, ductile materials are weak in shear so they fail due to principal shear
stress. Since, in a torsion test the shear stress is maximum in the direction perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis. Therefore, ductile materials shear on right section under torsion load.
5. What are the different failure modes of the specimens?
There are two modes of failure of the specimens. If the specimen is brittle, the failure
occurs due to tension stresses and in helicoidal shape. If the specimen is ductile, the failure
occurs due to shear stresses and along a plane perpendicular to the axis.
Department of Mechanical Engineering