CHECK YOUR PROGRESS
Name: Villariza, Lady Junette A. Score: ______
Time: TTH 5-8 PM
Instructor: Dr. Liza Lorena Jala
A. State the null and alternative hypothesis in words and in symbols for each conjecture.
1. A researcher thinks that if expectant mothers use vitamin pills, the birth weight of the babies will
increase. The average birth weight of the population is 8.6 pounds.
H0: < 8.6 H1: > 8.6
2. An engineer hypothesizes that the mean number of defects can be decreased in a manufacturing
process of compact disks by using robots instead of humans for certain tasks. The mean number of
defective disks per 1000 is 18.
H0: > 18 H1: < 18
m
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3. A psychologist feels that playing soft music during a test will change the results of the test. The
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psychologist is not sure whether the grades will be higher or lower. In the past the mean scores was
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73.
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H0: = 73 H1: = 73
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B. Directions: Use traditional methods for the following problems below.
1. A policeman in the National Police District claims that the number of car accidents along EDSA is 15
per week, on the average. To check his claim, car accidents were monitored for n = 36 randomly
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selected weeks, resulting to a mean of x́ = 17 accidents and variance s 2 = 9. Does the sample
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evidence contradict the policeman’s claim? Use α =0.05 to test to test the hypothesis. Source:
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PSA-SRTC Training Manual (2007)
Step 1
H0: < 15
ed d
H1: > 15
ar stu
Step 2
The significance level is .05
Step 3
We will use z test
is
Step 4
Th
Reject H0 if z>1.65 or p < 0.05
Step 5
x́−μ 0 17−15
¿ ¿
z s 3 = 4
sh
√n √ 36
Because the computed z of 4> critical z of 1.65, the null hypothesis is rejected. We can conclude that the sample
evidence does contradict the policeman’s claim.
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2. A city Science High School uses a standardized IQ test to screen students for admission. It is known
that the population standard deviation of these IQ scores is 15. The school principal claimed that the
average IQ of the students in their school is 110. Miss Cruz, a researcher, wants to validate this claim.
She selected random sample of 50 students and administer the IQ test. She found that the mean IQ of
the sample is 105. Does this sample data provide sufficient evidence to reject the school principal’s
claim? Perform a test of hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance.
Step 1
H0: > 110 H1: < 110
Step 2
The significance level is .05
Step 3
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>1.65 or p < 0.05
Step 5
m
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105−110
¿
15
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z = -2.357 = -2.36
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√ 50
p(z<2.36) = 0.0091
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Because the computed z of 2.36> critical z of 1.65, the p of .0091< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected. She
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can conclude mean IQ of the sample is 105.
3. The average one-year-old (both sexes) is 29 inches tall. A random sample of 30 one-year-olds in a
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large day care franchise resulted in the following heights. At α =0.05 , can it be concluded that
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the average height differs from 29 inches?
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25 32 35 25 30
26.5 26 25.5 29.5 32
30 28.5 30 32 28
31.5 29 29.5 30 34
ed d
29 32 27 28 33
28 27 32 29 29.5
ar stu
Step 1
H0: = 29 H1: = 29
is
Step 2
The significance level is .05
Th
Step 3
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>1.96 or p < 0.05
sh
Step 5
29.45−29
¿
z 2.61 = 0.94
√ 30
p(z=0.94) = 0.353
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Because the computed z of 0.94< critical z of 1.65, the p of .353> α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is not rejected. It
cannot be concluded that the average height differs from 29 inches.
4. A store manager hypothesizes that the average number of pages a person copies on the store’s copy
machine is less than 40. A sample of 50 customers’ orders is selected. At α =0.01 , is there enough
evidence to support the claim?
2 2 2 5 32
5 29 8 2 49
21 1 24 72 70
21 85 61 8 42
3 15 27 113 36
37 5 3 58 82
9 2 1 6 9
80 9 51 2 122
21 49 36 43 61
3 17 17 4 1
m
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Step 1
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H0: >40 H1: <40
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Step 2
o.
The significance level is .05
Step 3
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We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z<-2.33 or p < 0.05
Step 5
o
29.26−40
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¿
z 30.63 = -3.17
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√50
p(z<-3.17) = 0.0008
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Because the computed z of -3.17< critical z of -2.33, the p of .0008< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected.
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There is an enough evidence that the average number of pages a person copies on the store’s copy machine is
less than 40.
5. A manufacturer states that the average lifetime of its television sets is more than 84 months. The
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standard deviation of the population is 10 months. One hundred sets are randomly selected and tested.
The average lifetime of the sample is 85.1 months. Test the claim that the average lifetime of the sets
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is more than 84 months, and find the p-value. Should the null hypothesis be rejected at α =0.01 ?
Step 1
H0: <84 H1: >84
sh
Step 2
The significance level is .01
Step 3
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>2.58 or p < 0.01
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Step 5
x́− ¿ 85.1−84
z= ¿ √n = = 1.10
¿ 10/ √ 100
p(z>1.10) = 1-0.8643=0.1357
Because the computed z of 1.10< critical z of 2.58, the p of .1357> α of 0.01, the null hypothesis is not rejected.
There is no enough evidence the claim that the average lifetime of the sets is more than 84 months.
6. Suppose a statistician chose to test a hypothesis at α =0.01 . the critical value for a right-tailed
test is +2.33 . If the test value was 1.97 , what would the decision be? What would happen if,
after seeing the test value, she decided to choose α =0.05 ? What would the decision be? Explain
the contradiction, if there is one.
Step 1
Unknown
Step 2
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The significance level are .01 and 0.05
Step 3
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Unknown
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Step 4
o.
Reject H0 if z>2.33 or p < 0.01
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Reject H0 if z>1.65 or p < 0.05
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Step 5
If the test value is 1.97 , then the null hypothesis is not rejected at 0.01 significance level. On the other
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hand, if the test value is 1.97, then the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.05 significance level.
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7. The SRTC gets its budget for a training program on the assumption that the average of the supplies is
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to be P12, 000 or less. To see if this claim is realistic, 10 supply figures are randomly obtained from
similar training programs. The sample has yielded a mean x́ =P12, 900 and s = P1, 100. Is the
mean greater than P12, 000? Use α =0.05 to test the hypothesis.
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Step 1
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H0: <12,900 H1: >12,900
Step 2
The significance level is .01
is
Step 3
We will use t test
Th
Step 4
DF= 10-1=9
Reject H0 if t>1.833 or p < 0.05
Step 5
sh
12, 900−12000
t = = 2.59
1,100/ √10
p(t>2.59) = 0.0146
Because the computed t of 2.59> critical t of 1.83, the p of .0146< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is
enough evidence that the mean greater than P12, 000.
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8. The average 1-ounce chocolate chip cookie contains 110 calories. A random sample of 15 different
brands of 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies resulted in the following calorie amounts. At α =0.01
level, is there sufficient evidence that the average calorie content is greater than 110 calories?
100 125 150 160 185 125 155 110 145 160 100 150
140 135 120
Step 1
H0: <110 H1: >110
Step 2
The significance level is .01
Step 3
We will use t test
Step 4
DF= 15-1=14
Reject H0 if t>2.62 or p < 0.01
m
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Step 5
137.33−110
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t = = 4.39
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24.12/ √ 15
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Because the computed t of 4.39> critical t of 2.62, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is enough evidence that the
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average calorie content is greater than 110 calories.
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9. The average running time for Broadway shows is 2 hours and 12 minutes. A producer in another city
claims that the length of time of productions in his city is the same. He samples 8 shows and finds the
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time to be 2 hours and 5 minutes with a standard deviation of 11 minutes. Using α =0.05 , is the
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producer correct?
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Step 1
H0: >132 H1: <132
Step 2
ed d
The significance level is .05
Step 3
ar stu
We will use t test
Step 4
DF= 8-1=7
is
Reject H0 if t>3 or p < 0.05
Step 5
Th
125−132
t = = -1.80 = 1.80
11/ √ 8
p(t<1.80) = 0.0574
sh
Because the computed t of 1.80 < critical t of 3, the null hypothesis is not rejected. There is not enough evidence that
the producer is correct.
10. From past experience, a teacher believes that the average score on a real estate exam is 75. A sample
of 20 students’ exam scores as follows:
80 68 72 73 76 81
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71 71 65 50 63 71
70 70 76 75 69 70
72 74
Test the claim that the students’ average is still 75. Use α =0.01
Step 1
H0: =75 H1: =75
Step 2
The significance level is .01
Step 3
We will use t test
Step 4
DF= 20-1=19
Reject H0 if t>2.54 or p < 0.01
Step 5
70.85−75
m
t = = –2.83 = 2.83
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6.564 / √ 20
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p(t=2.83) =0.0054
o.
Because the computed t of 2.83 > critical t of 2.54, the p of .0054< α of 0.01, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is
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enough evidence that his claim is correct.
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11. A new laboratory technician reads a report that the average number of students using the computer
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laboratory per hour was 16. To test this hypothesis, he selected a day at random and keeps track of the
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number of students who used the lab over an 8-hour period. The results were as follows:
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20 24 18 16 16 19 21 23
At α =0.05 , test the claim that the average is actually 16.
ed d
Step 1
H0: =16 H1: =16
ar stu
Step 2
The significance level is .05
Step 3
is
We will use t test
Step 4
Th
DF= 8-1=7
Reject H0 if t>1.89 or p < 0.05
Step 5
19.625−16
sh
t = = 3.45
2.973/ √ 8
p(t=3.45) =0.0053
Because the computed t of 3.45 > critical t of 1.89, the p of .0053< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is
enough evidence that his claim is correct.
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12. A recent survey found that 64.7% of the population owns their homes. In a random sample of 150
heads of households, 92 responded that they owned their homes. At the 0.01 level of significance,
does that indicate a difference from the national proportion?
Step 1
H0: π < 0.647 H1: π > 0.647
Step 2
The significance level is .01.
Step 3
Use the z distribution for the test statistic
Step 4
Reject H0 if z<-2.58 or p < 0.01
Step 5
92
p−π −.647
m
150
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z= π (1−π ) = = -0.86 = 0.86
√ √ .647(1−.647)
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n
150
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p(z>-0.86) =1-0.8051=0.1949
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Because the computed z of -0.86 > critical z of 2.58, the p of .1949> α of 0.01, the null hypothesis is not rejected.
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There is no enough evidence that his claim is correct.
13. It has been reported that 40% of the adult population participate in computer hobbies during their
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leisure time. A random sample of 180 adults found that 65 engaged in computer hobbies. At
α =0.01 , is there sufficient evidence to concluded that the proportion differs from 40%?
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Step 1
H0: π =.40 H1: π =.40
Step 2
ed d
The significance level is .01
Step 3
ar stu
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z<-2.58 or p < 0.01
is
Step 5
65
p−π
Th
−.40
180
z= π (1−π ) = = -1.07
√ n
√ .4 o (1−.40)
180
sh
p(z=-1.07) =0.1423
Because the computed z of -1.07 > critical z of -2.58, the p of .1949> α of 0.01, the null hypothesis is not rejected.
There is no sufficient evidence to concluded that the proportion differs from 40%
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14. The percentage of physicians who are women is 27.9%. In a survey of physicians employed by a
large university health system, 45 of 120 randomly selected physicians were women. Is there
sufficient evidence at 0.05 level of significance to conclude that the proportion of women physicians
at the university health system exceeds 27.9%.
Step 1
H0: π <.279 H1: π >.279
Step 2
The significance level is .05
Step 3
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>1.65 or p < 0.05
Step 5
45
p−π −.279
120
z= π (1−π ) = = 2.34
√
m
.279(1−.279)
√
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n
120
co
p(z>2.34) =1-0.9904 =0.0096
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o.
Because the computed z of 2.34 > critical z of 1.65, the p of .0096< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected.
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Therefore, we can conclude that the proportion of women physicians at the university health system exceeds
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27.9%.
15. A telephone company wants to advertise that more than 30% of all its customers have more than two
telephones. To support this ad, the company selects a sample of 200 customers and finds that 72 have
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more than two telephones. Does the evidence support the ad? Use α =0.05 . Use p-value method.
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Step 1
H0: π <.30 H1: π >.30
Step 2
The significance level is .05
ed d
Step 3
ar stu
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>1.65 or p < 0.05
is
Step 5
72
p−π −.30
Th
200
z= π (1−π ) = = 1.85
√ n
√ .30(1−.30)
200
sh
p(z>1.85) =1-0.9678 =0.0322
Because the computed z of 1.85 > critical z of 1.65, the p of .032< α of 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, the evidence supports the ad.
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16. Experts claim that 10% of murders are committed by women. Is there enough evidence to reject the
claim if in a sample of 67 murders, 10 were committed by women? At α =0.01 , test the
hypothesis using the p-value method.
Step 1
H0: π =.10 H1: π =.10
Step 2
The significance level is .01
Step 3
We will use z test
Step 4
Reject H0 if z>2.58 or p < 0.01
Step 5
10
p−π −.10
67
z= π (1−π ) = = 1.34
√ n
√ .1 o(1−.10)
m
67
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p(z=1.34) =0.9099
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Because the computed z of 1.34 < critical z of 2.58, the p of .9099> α of 0.01, the null hypothesis is not rejected.
o.
There is no enough evidence to reject the that out of those murders, 10 were committed by women.
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ed d
ar stu
is
Th
sh
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