Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation

(Deemed to be University)

A Project Based Lab Report

On MAJOR PROJECT

TEMPERTAURE CONTROL AND MONITORING USING

ARDIUNO

SUBMITTED BY: BATCH=11

[Link] JANARDHANA 180040577

BARATAM NIKHIL 180040406
ANKUR GHOSH 180040589

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

[Link]
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

KL UNIVERSITY
Green fields, Vaddeswaram – 522 502
Guntur Dist., AP, India.

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 DEPARTMENT OF BASIC ENGINEERING SCIENCES-1

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project based laboratory report entitled

“TEMPERTAURE CONTROL AND MONITORING USING ARDIUNO” submitted by
Mr. [Link] JANARDHANA,BARATAM NIKHIL,ANKUR GHOSH [Link]-
180040577,180040406,180040589to the Department of Basic Engineering Sciences-1,
KL University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of a project
based Laboratory in “IT WORKSHOP(MAJOR PROJECT)”course in II B Tech III
Semester, is a bonafide record of the work carried out by him/her under my supervision
during the academic year 2019 – 2 020.

PROJECT SUPERVISOR HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

PRAVEENA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ASSISTANTPROFESSOR

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It is great pleasure for me to express my gratitude to our honorable President Sri.

Koneru Satyanarayana, for giving the opportunity and platform with facilities in
accomplishing the project based laboratory report.

I express the sincere gratitude to our principal Prof. Dr. SUBBA RAO for his
administration towards our academic growth.

I express sincere gratitude to HOD-BES-1 successful completion of our

academic semester. I record it as my privilege to deeply thank for providing us the
efficient faculty and facilities to make our ideas into reality.

I express my sincere thanks to our project supervisor MS. PRAVEENA for his/her
novel association of ideas, encouragement, appreciation and intellectual zeal which
motivated us to venture this project successfully.

Finally, it is pleased to acknowledge the indebtedness to all those who devoted

themselves directly or indirectly to make this project report success.

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INDEX
[Link]
[Link]

[Link] diagram
[Link] or Methodology
[Link] of project
[Link] required
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] and disadvantages
[Link] scope

[Link]

[Link]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[Link] TITLE PAGES

1. ABSTRACT 6
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2. INTRODUCTION 7-13

3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 14

3. PRINCIPLE OF METHODOLOGY 15-17

4. ARCHITETURE OF PROJECT 18

5. COMPONENTS REQUIRED 19-21

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE 22-23

7. ARDUINO CODE 24-26

8. OUTPUT 27

9. ADVANTAGES &DISADVANTAGES 28-29

10. FUTURE SCOPE 30

11. CONCLUSION 31

12. REFERENCES 32-33

ABSTRACT
This project is a standalone automatic fan speed

controller that controls the speed of an electric fan according

to the requirement. Use of embedded technology makes this

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closed-loop feedback-control system efficient and reliable. The

microcontroller Arduino allows dynamic and faster control

and the LCD makes the system user-friendly. Sensed

temperature and fan speed levels are simultaneously

displayed on the LCD [Link] project is very compact and

uses a few components only. It can be implemented for

several applications including air-conditioners, water-heaters,

snow-melts ovens, heat-exchangers, mixers, furnaces,

incubators, thermal baths and veterinary operating tables. The

project will help save energy/electricity.

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INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO
BOARD
Defining Arduino: Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform in
electronics based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Subtly
speaking, Arduino is a microcontroller based prototyping board which
can be used in developing digital devices that can read inputs like finger
on a button, touch on a screen, light on a sensor etc. and turning it in to
output like switching on an LED, rotating a motor, playing songs
through a speaker etc

The Arduino board can be programmed to do anything by simply

programming the microcontroller on board using a set of instructions for
which, the Arduino board consists of a USB plug to communicate with
your computer and a bunch of connection sockets that can be wired to
external devices like motors, LEDs etc.

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The aim of Arduino is to introduce the world of electronics to people
who have small to no experience in electronics like hobbyists, designers,
artists etc.

Arduino is based on open source electronics project i.e. all the design
specifications, schematics, software are available openly to all the users.
Hence, Arduino boards can bought from vendors as they are
commercially available or else you can make your own board by if you
wish i.e. you can download the schematic from Arduino’s official
website, buy all the components as per the design specification,
assemble all the components, and make your own board.

HOW TO PROGRAM AN ARDUINO?

The Arduino tool window consists of the toolbar with the buttons like
verify, upload, new, open, save, serial monitor. It also consists of a text
editor to write the code, a message area which displays the feedback like
showing the errors, the text console which displays the output and a
series of menus like the File, Edit, Tools menu. Thus the code is
uploaded by the bootloader onto the microcontroller.

INTRODUCTION TO LM35 SENSOR

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  LM35 is a temperature measuring device having an analog
output voltage proportional to the temperature.
 It provides output voltage in Centigrade (Celsius). It does not
require any external calibration circuitry.
 The sensitivity of LM35 is 10 mV/degree Celsius. As
temperature increases, output voltage also increases.

            E.g. 250 mV means 25°C.

 It is a 3-terminal sensor used to measure surrounding

temperature ranging from -55 °C to 150 °C.
 LM35 gives temperature output which is more precise than
thermistor output.

Pin Description
VCC: Supply Voltage (4V – 30V)
Out: It gives analog output voltage which is proportional to
the temperature (in degree Celsius).
GND: Ground

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Application Setup

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Examples of LM35 interfacing

1. LM35 Interfacing with PIC18F4550

2. LM35 Interfacing with ATmega16
3. LM35 Interfacing with Arduino
4. LM35 Interfacing with TI Launchpad
5. LM35 Interfacing with NodeMCU

INTRODUCTION TO TEMPERTURE CONTROL AND

MONITORING

 
INTRODUCTION
The project is based on the working of temperature controller using
LM35 and fan ascooler. The circuit automatically senses the
temperature and works normally within a particulartemperature range.
Above that range the sensor produces a signal and automatically turns
on thecooling fan to control the testing temperature. 0-100°C electronic
temperature controlled relay isa circuit using which the temperature can
be controlled with the help of a LM35 [Link] LM35

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series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage islinearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature.
The LM35 thus has an advantage
over linear temperature sensors calibrated in˚ Kelvin, as the user
is not required to

LM35 is an analog, linear temperature sensor whose output

voltage varies linearly with change in temperature. LM35 is
three terminal linear temperature sensor from National
semiconductors. It can measure temperature from-55 degree
celsius to +150 degree celsius. The voltage output of the LM35
increases 10mV per degree Celsius rise in temperature. LM35
can be operated from a 5V supply and the stand by current is
less than 60uA. The pin out of  LM35 is shown in the figure
below.

So that’s all info you need about LM35 for this particular
temperature display project using arduino uno. So lets get to
LM35 temperature sensor interfacing with arduino!

We are using Arduino Uno as our board and LM35 can be

connected to arduino as shown in circuit diagram.

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Note:- LM35 is an analog temperature sensor. This means the
output of LM35 is an analog signal. Microcontrollers dont
accept analog signals as their input directly. We need to convert
this analog output signal to digital before we can feed it to a
microcontroller’s input. For this purpose, we can use an
ADC( Analog to Digital Converter).If we are using a basic
microcontroller like 8051, we need to use an external ADC to
convert analog output from LM35 to digital. We then feed the
output of ADC ( converted digital value) to input of 8051. But
modern day boards like Arduino and most modern day micro
controllers come with inbuilt ADC. Our arduino uno has an in
built 10 bit ADC (6 channel). We can make use of this in built
ADC of arduino to convert the analog output of LM35 to digital
output. Since Arduino uno has a 6 channel inbuilt ADC, there
are 6 analog input pins numbered from A0 to A5. Connect
analog out of LM35 to any of these analog input pins of arduino.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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METHODOLOGY:
All the modules used in the above block diagram are
integrated. The fan speed can be monitored by the variation
of temperature. Basic concept of this project is to getting the
temperature, displaying the temperature and temperature
change is reflected as vary in fan’s speed. Here temperature
sensor used in the project is LM35 and the o/p of this sensor
is given to analog to digital converter. The complete working
is allowed or not can be decided by external interrupts.
Temperature sensor LM35 is interfaced with the 8051
microcontroller’s analog pin because, temperature sensor
changes temperature into voltage. Here temperature sensor
should be interfaced correctly to the microcontroller in
order to get correct reading. The speed of the fan can be
decided by the temperature examine by the microcontroller.

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Microcontroller controls the DC fan using the IC L293D
motor control. This IC L293D is a dual H-bridge motor
driver used to control the speed and direction of DC motor.
It also offers isolation between microcontroller and motor.
Motor speed can be controlled by using the pulse width
modulation (PWM) technique. The proposed system is also
provided with auto or manual switch which gives the option
to user to control the speed of fan. When the button is
pressed, the speed can controlled by manually that means
user can control the fan speed manually. An LED can also
be connected at RC1 to demonstrate the status of auto or
manual switch. If light emitting diode is blinking, it means
the fan control is manual. So finally we can conclude that,
when the power supply is given to the entire circuit then the
microcontroller reads the surrounding temperature of fan.
The analog value of the temperature is given by the sensor
and applied to the ADC pin of microcontroller. The value of
analog is changed to the digital by the microcontroller
internally. If the temperature is superior to the threshold
value, then microcontroller sends a signal to the controller to
turn ON the motor. Thus fan starts rotating.
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 The temperature sensor used in the proposed system is
LM35. The o/p of this temperature sensor is linearly
proportional to the Celsius scale. This IC doesn’t need any
external calibration to give accuracies. The main function of
the temperature sensor in the proposed system is to detect
the temperature of external environment of fan. The
properties of temperature controlled fan mainly includes the
following When the temperature surpasses 25 ᵒ C then fan
should run at max speed. When the temperature drops
below 25 ᵒ C then fan should be stopped.

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ARCHITECTURE OF THE PROJECT
The entire project can be divided into three basic blocks;

1)      Sensor Unit

2)      Processor Unit

3)      Output Unit

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COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
In this project we have used the arduino and ohmmeter along
with the jumping wires and the resistors and details list of the
hard ware components are

Arduino board and arduino cable

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LM 35

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 CONNECTING WIRES

POWER SUPPLY

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 DC FAN

WORKING
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Temperature sensor LM35 is interfaced with the 8051
microcontroller’s analog pin because, temperature sensor
changes temperature into voltage. Here temperature sensor
should be

interfaced correctly to the microcontroller in order to get correct

reading. The speed of the fan can be decided by the temperature
examine by the microcontroller.

Microcontroller controls the DC fan using the IC L293D motor

control. This IC L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver used to
control the speed and direction of DC motor. It also offers
isolation between microcontroller and motor. Motor speed can
be controlled by using the pulse width modulation (PWM)
technique. The proposed system is also provided with auto or
manual switch which gives the option to user to control the
speed of fan. When the button is pressed, the speed can
controlled by manually that means user can control the fan speed
manually. An LED can also be connected at RC1 to demonstrate
the status of auto or manual switch. If light emitting diode is
blinking, it means the fan control is manual. So finally we can
conclude that, when the power supply is given to the entire

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circuit then the microcontroller reads the surrounding
temperature of fan. The analog value of the temperature is given
by the sensor and applied to the ADC pin of microcontroller.
The value of analog is changed to the digital by the
microcontroller internally. If the temperature is superior to the
threshold value, then microcontroller sends a signal to the
controller to turn ON the motor. Thus fan starts rotating. The
temperature sensor used in the proposed system is LM35. The
o/p of this temperature sensor is linearly proportional to the
Celsius scale. This IC doesn’t need any external calibration to
give accuracies. The main function of the temperature sensor in
the proposed system is to detect the temperature of external
environment of fan. The properties of temperature controlled fan
mainly includes the following

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ARDRIUNO CODE:
void setup()

pinMode(A0,INPUT);

pinMode(9,OUTPUT);

[Link](9600);

void loop()

int x=analogRead(A0);

float temp=(x/(2.048));

if(temp<=25)

analogWrite(7,0);

else if(temp>25 && temp<=30)

analogWrite(7,50);

else if(temp>30 && temp<=40)

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 analogWrite(7,100);

} else if(temp>40 && temp<=50)

analogWrite(7,150);

} else if(temp>50 && temp<=60)

analogWrite(7,200);

} else if(temp>60&& temp<=70)

analogWrite(7,250);

} else if(temp>70&& temp<=80)

analogWrite(7,300);

} else if(temp>80 && temp<=90)

analogWrite(7,350);

} else if(temp>90 && temp<=100)

analogWrite(7,400);

else

analogWrite(9,500);
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 }

[Link](temp);

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OUTPUT

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ADVANTAGES:
Following are the advantages of temperature sensor :
➨Thermocouple measures temperature in -200 oC to +2500oC
range, RTD measures in -200oC to +850oC range, thermistor
measures in -100oC to +260oC range and IC sensors measures in
-45oC to 150oC range.
➨(Advantages of thermocouple are): No external power
required, simple and rugged in construction, cheaper, support for
wider temperature range etc.
➨(Advantages of RTD are ): More stable, higher accuracy,
more linearity compare to thermocouple
➨(Advantages of thermistor are): Higher output, faster in
operation
➨(Advantages of IC sensor are): Highest output, cheaper, most
linear than all types

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DISADVANTAGES
Following are the disadvantages of temperature sensor :
➨(Disadvantages of thermocouple are): Non linearity, least
stability, Low voltage, Reference is needed, least sensitivity etc.
➨(Disadvantages of RTD are ): Lower absolute resistance,
expensive, current source needed, less rugged compare to
thermocouples etc.
➨(Disadvantages of thermistor are): Nonlinearity, limited
support for temperature range, current source needed, fragile,
self heating etc.
➨(Disadvantages of IC sensor are): Power supply needed,
slower in operation, self heating, limited configurations,
temperature upto 150oC etc.

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FUTURE SCOPE
We can monitor more parameters like humidity,light and at
the same time control them

We can send this data to a remote locatin using modile or

internet

We can draw graphs of variations in the parameters using

computer

When temperature exceeds the limit,a call will be dialed to

the respective given number by anautomatic dialer system

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CONCLUSION:
This Temperature controlled Lights circuit can be useful in
many ways, like it can work as temperature indicator or it can
trigger any device like fan or alarm beyond a particular
temperature. It can also work as fire alarm if you set the
threshold temperature very high like 100 Degree Celsius. In this
circuit you will also learn about how to use LM35 sensor in any
circuit. LM35 is very popular and inexpensive temperature
sensor generally used as digital thermometer or to measure
temperature.

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