Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

VISION LESSON 2
A center of human
development committedto the I. COURSE CODE/TITLE: GE 101/Understanding the Self
pursuit of wisdom, truth, justice,
pride, dignity, and local/global II. SUBJECT MATTER
competitiveness via a quality but
affordable education for all qualified Defining the Self: Personal and Time -Frame
clients. Developmental Perspectives on Self and
Identity
MISSION A. The Self as Cognitive Construct
Establish and maintain B. The Self in Western and Eastern
anacademic environment Thoughts
promoting the pursuit of excellence
and the total development of its
students as human beings, with
fear of God and love of country and
fellowmen. III. COURSE OUTCOME

GOALS A. The Self as Cognitive Construct

Kolehiyo ng Lungsod ng Lipa aims
to: 1. Identify the different ideas in psychology about the self
1. foster the spiritual, intellectual,
social, moral, and creative life of its 2. Create your own definition of the self-based on the
client via affordable but quality definitions
tertiary education;
from psychology
2. provide the clients with reach
and substantial, relevant, wide
3. Analyze the effects of various factors identified in
range of academic disciplines, psychology in
expose them to varied curricular
and co-curricular experiences the formation of the self
which nurture and enhance their
[Link] self in Western and Eastern Thoughts
personal dedications and
commitments to social, moral, 1. Differentiate the concept of self-according to western thought
cultural, and economic
transformations. against eastern and oriental perspectives
3. work with the government and 2. Explain the concept of self as found in Asian Thoughts
the community and the pursuit of
achieving national developmental 3. Create a representation of the Filipino self
goals; and

4. develop deserving and qualified

clients with different skills of life
existence and prepare them for
local and global competitiveness.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

IV. ENGAGEMENT:
THE SELF AS COGNITIVE CONSTRUCT
William James is the earliest psychologist to study self and conceptualized the 2 aspects of
the self:
2 aspects of the self
1. “I” –is the thinking, acting and feeling self. The part of the self that knows who they
are and what they have accomplished in life.
2. “me” –the physical characteristics as well as psychological capabilities that makes
who you are. The “Me” is a separate individual a person refers to when talking
about their personal experiences.
For example, in the statement "I know it was me who ate the cookie,” the "Me" is the empirical
self, the one who does the acting, whereas the "I" is the self that is capable of thinking and
reflecting (Cooper, 1992).
The “I” is the pure ego – it is what provides continuity between past, present, and future,
allowing us to view ourselves to have a consistent, individual identity, one brought about by the
stream of consciousness that James first defined (Hunt, 1920).
Although the “I” self cannot be further divided, the “Me” can be further broken down into three
sub-categories: a material, social, and spiritual self.
The material self consists of what belongs to a person, such as the body, family, clothes, or
money.
The social self marks who you are in a specific social situation. We tend to change our
actions, thoughts, emotions, words, and mannerisms based on the current social situation or
the people with whom we are interacting.
For example, we act differently when at work as opposed to when out with friends, as do we
when talking to our boss as opposed to a coworker.

Finally, our spiritual self is who we are at our core, including our personality, values, and
conscience. Our spiritual self typically remains relatively stable throughout our lifetime (Green,
1997).
IDENTITY AND SELF CONCEPT
Identity –composed of personal characteristics, social roles and responsibilities as well as
affiliations that define the who one is.
Self Concept – is what basically comes to your mind when you are asked about who you are

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

Theory of Symbolic Interactionism- argued that the self is created and developed through
human interaction
1. We do not create ourselves out of nothing. Society helped in creating the foundations of
who we are and even if we make our choices, we will still operate in our social and
historical contents in one ways or the other. You may, of course, transfer from one
culture to another, but parts of you will still affect and you will also have to adapt to the
new social content.
2. Whether we like to admit it or not, we actually need others to affirm and reinforce who
we think we are. we also need them as reference points about our identity.
3. What we think is important to us may also have been influenced by what is important in
our social or historical content.
Factors vital in creating our self-concept especially in the aspect of providing with social
identity or our perception of who we are:
1. Social interaction
2. Group affiliation
Example:
You are a student who is also part of a certain group of friends. You study because it is
your role as a student but you prefer to study with your friends and your study pattern
changes when you are with your friends than when you do it alone.
Craver and Scheier identified two types of self:
1. Private self – internal standards and private thoughts and feelings
2. Public self –is the public image commonly geared toward having a good presentation of
yourself to others
3 Self-schema of self-awareness
1. Actual self -is who you are at the moment
2. Ideal self – is who you like to be
3. ought self – is who you think you should be
Example:
You are a Basketball varsity student but is academically challenged in most of your
subject. Your ideal self is to practice more and play with the varsity team but ought to
pass your subjects as a responsible student.
Self-Awareness may be positive or negative depending on the circumstances of our next
course of action. Self-awareness can keep you from doing something dangerous; it can help
remind you that there is an exam tomorrow in one of your subjects when you are about to
spend time playing computer games with your cousins, among others.
Deindividualization- loss of individual self-awareness and individual accountability in groups.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

People will attune themselves with the emotions of their group and because the large crowd
also provides some kind of anonymity, we may lessen our self-control and act in ways that
wewill not do when we are alone.
Example: demonstration erupting to a riot
Social Comparison Theory –is we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behaviors
as well as our social status by comparing aspects of ourselves with other people
2 kind of social comparisons
1. downward comparison-we create a positive self-concept by comparing ourselves with
those who are worse off than us.
2. upward social comparison – comparing ourselves with those who are better off than us.
Self-evaluation maintenance theory – states that we can feel threatened when someone out-
performs us especially when that person is close to us.
3 ways we react according to the social evaluation maintenance theory
1. We distance ourselves from the person or redefine our relationship with them.
 silent treatment
 change of friends
2. Reconsider the importance of the aspect or skill in which you are outperformed
Example: if you got beaten in a drawing competition, you might think that drawing is not
really for you and you will find a hobby where you could excel thus preserving your self
esteem
3. Strengthen our resolve to improve certain aspects of our selves
Example: instead of quitting drawing, you may join seminars, practice more often, read
book about it and add some elements in your drawing that makes it unique. Achieving your
goal through hard work may increase self-esteem.
Narcissism- a trait characterized by overly high self-esteem, self-admiration and self-
centeredness.
They are often charismatic because of how they care of their image. Taking care of that image
includes interpersonal relationships thus they will try to look for better partners, better
acquaintances, as well as people who will appreciates them a lot. This makes them a bad
romantic partner or friend since they engaged in relationships only to serve themselves.
Characteristics of people with high esteem
1. Outgoing
2. Adventurous
3. Adaptable
4. Initiate activities
5. Building relationship with people

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

6. Dismiss other activities that do not conforms to their self-concept and boost their self
esteem
7. May become bullies and experiment on abusive behaviors with drugs, alcohol and sex
THE SELF IN WESTERN AND EASTERN THOUGHTS
EASTERN THOUGHTS
Sources of the perspective of culture and country about the concept of “Self”
a. literature
b. social organization
c. artworks and dances
d. clothing

Confucianism is a code of ethical conduct of how one should properly act according to their
relationship with their people. It is focused on having a harmonious social life. The identity
and self-concept of the individual are interwoven with the identity and status of his/her
community or culture, sharing its pride as well as its failures.

Self-cultivation is seen as the ultimate purpose of life but the characteristics of a chun-tzu, a
man of virtue and noble character is still embedded in his social relationships.

subdued self – is the cultivated self in Confucianism; wherein personal needs are repressed for
the good of many

Taoism is living in the way of Tao or the universe. They adopt a free-flowing,relative, unitary
as well paraxical view of almost everything. Rejects the hierarchy and strictness brought by
Confucianism and prefer a simple lifestyle and its teachings thus aim to describe how to attain
that life.
 self is not an extension of the family or the community; it is part of universe, one of the
forms and manifestations of the Tao.
 the ideal self is selflessness but this is not forgetting about the self
 it is balanced-life with society and nature, being open and accepting to change,
forgetting about prejudices and egocentric ideas and thinking about equality as well as
complementary among humans as well as other beings.
Buddhism
The self is seen as an illusion born out of ignorance, of trying to hold and control things or
human centered needs; thus the self is the source of these sufferings. It is therefore, our quest
to forget about the self, forget the cravings of the self, break the attachments you have with the
world, and to renounce the self which is the cause of all sufferings and in doing so, attain the
state of Nirvana.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

In Confucianism and Taoism, In striving to become a better person one does not create a self
above other people or nature but a self that is beneficial to his community as well as in order
and harmony with everything else.
In Buddhism, the self, with all its connections and selfish ideas, is taken not just out of the
center of the picture, but from the whole picture entirely.
WESTERN THOUGHTS

 Does not focus the role of environment and society in the formation of the self but the focus is
always looking toward the self
 compare the self in order to be better
 create associations and bask the glory of that group for our self esteem
 put primacy in developing the self
COMPARISON OF WESTERN AND EASTERN THOUGHTS

EASTERN PERSPECTIVE WESTERN PERSPECTIVE

 Eastern perspective sees the other person  looks at the world in dualities wherein you
as part of the self as well as the things you are distinct from the other person, the
may create, a drama in which everyone is creator is separate from the object he
interconnected with their specific roles. created, in which the self is distinguished
 Asians in general talk about their social and acknowledge.
roles or the social situations that invoked  Americans talk about their personal
certain traits that they deem positive for attributes describing themselves.
their selves.  Evaluation of the self would highlight their
 Evaluation of the self would rather keep a personal achievements
low profile as promoting the self can be  Individualistic culture since their focus is
seen as boastfulness that disrupts social on the person
relationships.  by valuing individual, westerners may
 Collectivistic culture as the group and seem to loose associations or even loyalty
social relation is given more importance to their groups. Competition is the name of
than individual needs and wants the game and more straightforward and
 oriental persons look after the welfare of forceful in their communication as well as
their groups and values cooperation. decision making.
More compromising and they tend to go  emphasize more on the value of equality
around the bush in explaining things even if they see that the individual can rise
hoping that the other person would feel, above everything else
what they really want to say  they promote ideals that create a fair
 with their collectivistic culture, put more competition and protect the individual.
emphasis on hierarchy as the culture  They call their bosses, parents and
wants to keep things in harmony and in seniors by their first names and the boss
order can also be approached head-on when
 respectful terms for seniors and a lot of conflicts or problems arises
workers would not dare go against the
high ranking officials.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

VI. ACTIVITY
Activity 1. List 10-15 qualities or things that you think define who you are around the human
figure representing you.

2. Write “I am _________(your name)”. Who do you think I am based on what you see me do
or hear me say? Pass this question to your friends, family and ask them briefly to answer the
question. Collect their answers.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

ANALYSIS
Compare what you wrote about yourself to those written by your friends and family. What
aspects are similar and which are not? What aspect are always true to you? What aspects
are sometimes true or circumstantial? What aspects do you think are not really part of your
personality?

Activity 2. Create a concept map of the self according to Filipino culture. Provide a brief
explanation of your output.

VII. EVALUATION
RUBRICS FOR CONCEPT MAP

Exemplary Exceeds Standard Adequately Meets Below Standard

4 3 Standard 1
2
Organization  Well organized  Thoughtfully  Somewhat  Choppy and
 Logical format organized organized confusing
 Contains main  Easy to follow  Somewhat  Contains a limited
concepts most of the time incoherent number of concepts
 All key words and  Contains most of  Contains only a few  Many key words
concepts necessary the main concepts of the main concepts and concepts from
to promote an  Most key words  Many key words the unit are missing.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

overview of the unit and concepts from and concepts from

are used and well the units are covered the unit are covered
organized to give in a meaningful way and are somewhat
added meaning. and are thoughtfully organized
organized.
Content,  Shows an  Makes some  Makes many  Shows no
Concepts and understanding of the mistakes in mistakes in understanding of the
Terminology topic’s concepts and terminology or terminology and topic’s concepts and
principles and uses shows a few shows a lack of principles
appropriate misunderstandings understanding of  Many
terminology and of concepts many concepts misconceptions are
notations  No  Few  Some evident.
misconceptions/ misconceptions are misconceptions are
errors evident. evident. evident.
Connections and  All words  All words  Identifies all the  Some words
Knowledge of the accurately accurately important concepts accurately
Relationships connected. connected. and shows an connected.
among Concepts  Connections  Connections are understanding of the  Connections aren't
indicate superior clear and logical.   relationships among clear, they convey
organization/ They connect them little meaning and do
understanding and concepts to promote  Meaningful and not promote clarity.
enhance meaning.   clarity and convey original insights  Fails to use any
Arrows easily meaning. demonstrated appropriate concepts
connect concepts in  Identifies important  Most words or appropriate
an informative concepts but makes accurately connected. connection
manner. some incorrect
 Connections are connections
somewhat clear and  Some meaningful
convey some connections made
meaning.  Makes
some incorrect
connections

TOTAL SCORE EQUIVALENT POINTS

10 100
Prepared by: 9 94
8 88
MARIE JOY A. 7 82 TORRES
Instructor III 6 76
5 70
4 64
Checked and 3 58 Approved by:
2 52
1 46
0 40
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 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa
KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Captivating knowledge Through Education

DR. BIBIANA JOCELYN D. CUASAY

Module Editing Chair

Noted by:

DR. AQUILINO D. ARELLANO

Dean-CTE Vice President for Academic Affairs

MARIO CARMELO A. PESA, CPA

College Administrator

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