MODULE WEEK ONE

TAGOLOAN Community College

Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental
[Link]. (08822)740-835/(088)5671-215

BUKIDNON STATE COLLEGE

TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM
Kihare, Manolo Fortich, 8703 Bukidnon
COURSE CODE: VED (Good
(0917-142-6080) Manners and Right Conduct)
nbcc.2005@[Link]
Semester
Universityof A.Y. 2020-2021
Logo
Rationale

This course will highlight the fundamental rules of good manners and appropriate conduct or
behavior of each learner which are necessary of the formation of character that embraces the core
values of Maka-Diyos, Makatao, Makabansa at Makakalikasan.
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Intended Learning Outcomes

A. Discuss the ‘Understanding the Learners’

B. Understand the various Learning Theories

C. Enumerate the Various Learning Theories
Activity 1

Before the discussion proper, the students will answer the motive questions in an essay type:

1. Has modernization and technology helped the formation of right values among young people?
Why?

Discussion

Hello everyone! How are you all today? Welcome back to the next journey of our subject. We will
learn important things that will surely help us dealing with understanding the learners and knowing the
various learning theories. Are we all ready for that? Since, we are all ready, let’s now begin…

Week 4 – 5: Understanding the Learners

The Youth Today

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There used to be a time (not that long ago) that only business establishments, government
institutions, the middle class, and those belonging to a higher social class have telephones. Now, the
National Telecommunication Commission reports that there are more cellular phones in the Philippines
than there are Filipinos.

There was a time when research meant going to the library, looking at the card catalogues,
copying pages from books and typing the research paper using a typewriter. Now, research is
synonymous with Google which is one of the leading search engines in the World Wide Web. Type the
word in and in as fast as 2 seconds you can have as much as a million results for your query.

One can download the research material and use it for the research paper. The final paper can be
sent to the professor through email. Some professors even check the paper using the “review” function
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of Microsoft Word and return the corrected paper to the student via e-mail. To protect the document, one
can always convert to “.pdf” of “portable document format”.

Also, not too long ago, watching movies meant going to the theatre or buying a dvd. Now, one can
download movies and depending on the speed of internet connection, watch the movie after just a few
minutes on the computer, “tablet”, smartphone, or even portable gaming machines such as “Portable
PlayStation (PSP)” or “Nintendo Dual Screen (DS)”

A few years ago, tv meant television where you can watch your favorite programs strewn dozen
commercials. Now, there are television models that also serve as computer monitors complete with
internet capabilities. Now, there are television models that uses “motion sensor” which virtually
eradicate the remote control.

Modernization, globalization and technology have changed the meaning of words. Take for
example the words “net” (not just something that is used to catch fish but ca also refer to the internet),
“web” (not just the silk that comes out of a spider but can also refer to the world wide web), phone (used
to be understood as a landline but now refers to cellular phone) and load (not just weight or cargo but
also the amount that you can use for calls or texts using your cellular phone). New words have also
entered our vocabulary like download, upload, tweet, blog, hashtag and many others vis-a vis the change

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in the meaning of certain words are changes in certain aspects of our post-modern culture.
While modernization, globalization, and technology have made our lives easier, more
interconnected, convenient, and enjoyable, they have also brought a host of problems that plague us.
It is common to see people who are “hanging-out” but not interacting because they are busy
texting other people. “copy-pasted” research papers of students are a common headache of teachers.
Pirated movies and music proliferate. These are but some of the modern realities that we have to grapple
with.
Monera and Marco (2006) have asserted that the young influenced by modernization,
secularization, and globalization, have drifted away or have become indifferent to traditional moral
teachings. Their finding is in consonance with the view of Dagmang (2007) who said that “the young
have more familiarity with the world of spending and consumption (shopping, malling, e-commerce),
play (PSP, cellphone, iPod, iPad), and spontaneous self-searching (through Facebook, Twitter, YM)
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There are numerous intervening factors that strengthen or weaken the value system of a young
individual. It is important to note, however, that the Youth Adult fertility and Sexuality Survey (YAPS-
II) (1994) have concluded that “adolescents manifests his (or her) processing reaction to the intervening
factors in terms of the beliefs, attitudes, values, and morals he (or she) eventually holds in a given period
in his (or her) life”. This means that teachers are all the more needed to “step into the picture” and
become living witnesses in the critical stage of adolescence. Monera and Marco (2006) explained that
teachers must challenge students’ critical thinking for evaluating claims and counterclaims about beliefs,
values, and morally defensible actions to arrive at an informed conscience.

In order to effectively teach values, it is necessary for teachers to have a clear understanding of
who the modern Filipino youth is. By knowing the factors that affect the modern Filipino youth’s
learning, adults will be able to support and assist these young people to developing the right values.

The Filipino Catholic Youth

In 2003, the Episcopal Commission on Youth of the Catholic Bishops Conference presented the
National Filipino Catholic Youth Survey that identified the Filipino Catholic youth’s beliefs. Morals and
faith stances. The empirical study allows us to describe the modern Filipino youth as they are instead of
what we perceive them to be. We shall explore some of the salient points of the study and see how

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teachers can become agents of positive change in the lives of the Filipino Catholic youth.

The survey affirms that the Filipino youth find the people in their family as extremely significant
in their lives. Mothers are considered as the person closest to the youth. They are the first one to be
consulted for life-changing decisions. For the Filipino youth, “mothers know best.” This is why it is
important for mothers to nurture their children especially during the formative years. The Filipino youth
extols their mothers as the beacon of the family or “ilaw ng tahanan.”

With regard to personal problems, the Filipino youth find commonality in inter-relationship
troubles with friends, significant others, and parents. The National Filipino Catholic Youth Survey
(2002) cites various social ills that plague the youth: addiction, gambling, domestic violence, unfair labor
practices, teenage pregnancy, and gang violence.
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How do Filipino youth respond to life changes? The youth survey tells us that Filipino youth still
resort to prayer when beset with various difficulties. Innate religiosity seems to be embedded among
Filipinos. Baring (2008) in his empirical study entitled Empirical Explorations: Students constructs of
suffering found out that “the (Filipino youth’s) notions of human suffering reflect their youthful struggle
to make sense about their faith more than the need to express human pain or anguish. While youthful
sensitivity invites them to evade the pains attributed to the experience, experiences of faith were
interpreted in the light of faith.”

The National Filipino Catholic Youth Survey (2002) also tells us that the Filipino is still family-
oriented. There seems to be very little divergence on this characteristic. Looking back at the study of J.C.
Bulatao (1970), he explains that “(For the Filipino) the emotional closeness and security in a family
occupies by far the largest area in the field of (Filipino) values. The family is seen as an end in itself,
without need of subordinating it to other values.”

The 2002 survey on the youth also tells us that Filipino youth are highly interpersonal and give
high regard to “pakikisama,” or smooth interpersonal relationships. Again, this trait has changed very
little despite the fast changing times and changes in generation. Frank Lynch (1970) in his paper entitled
Social Acceptance Reconsidered concludes that “the ability to get along well with others (pakikisama or

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smooth interpersonal relationships) is explicitly and highly valued in the Philippine society.

The survey on the youth tells us that “the youth are still clinging to some traditions, while at the
same time experiencing already to onslaught of globalization that promotes uniformity, conformism, and
loss of identity and uniqueness.”

Are Filipino youth patriotic? The survey discovered that many of the youth are proud to remain
Filipinos but have inadequate and insubstantial reasons. This means that they have a sense of nationalism
but on a superficial level. Most of them lack both commitment and a well-formed conscience. The youth
agree that the Church should take a stand on social issues although a few manifest willingness to be
actively involved in the process.
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In terms of faith and its practice, the survey affirms that the youth manifest a very personal
relationship with God, who for them is a parent, provider, ad friend. This personal relationship may
ascribe as influenced by their families. On the practice of faith however, only half of the youth actively
live their faith through prayers, doing good deeds, and reflecting on God’s word. This shows us that the
youth live their faith as individuals but not as communitarians. Four years after the survey, in 2006,
Monera and Marco arrived at the same conclusion. They found out that the youth are “highly personal
though individualist in relating with Good. They are not socially or ecclesially-oriented in terms of faith
praxis.”

Gleaning from the general implications of the national Filipino Catholic Survey (2002) educators are
then called to:
o Reinforce the positive Filipino values and traditions that the youth are adhering to.
o Help the youth maintain equilibrium between the past (traditions) and the modern changes that are
happening in and around them.
o Provide the youth with knowledge, skills, and values that will help them ground modern human inventions
and wonders with the time tested values and traditions coming from their families, religion and culture.
o Assist the youth in developing a critically-informed social commitment grounded on positive values.

Week 6 – Various Learning Theories

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All people re distinct from one another. Each one of us is a dynamic organism who thinks, behaves, and
learns uniquely. In the beginning of man’s pursuit of wisdom, philosophers investigated and attempted to explain
man’s true identity. For the sake of simplicity, we shall discuss only two concepts that’s that describe man: being
endowed with a natural capacity to learn and a man as an energy that responds to stimuli. Man, among all
creatures, possesses the natural capacity to think, reason out, remember and imagine. This makes him a thinking
being, aware of his existence, and compelled to fulfil a higher purpose. Man is also an energy that responds to
various stimuli. His or her response to life situation is dependent on the conditions, motivations, and inducements
made around the sphere of his (or her) being. These two concepts have shaped and influenced various learning
theories that push the horizon of man’s knowledge.

Today, there are three main categories or philosophical frameworks under which focuses on the objectively
observable aspects of learning. The second category is cognitive which looks beyond behavior to explain brain-
based learning. The last category is constructivism which is defined as a process wherein the learner actively
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constructs or builds new ideas or concepts.

Behaviorism Theories
Sensory stimulation theory
Asserts that effective learning occurs when the senses are stimulated.
It is best seen in the use of media, games and presentations in learning engagements.
Reinforcement Theory
Radical behaviorism or reinforcement theory developed by B.F. Skinner asserts that behavior is a function
of its consequences.

Cognitive Theories
Cognitive Stage Theory
Jean Piaget’s cognitive stage theory classifies childhood cognitive development into different stages. Each
stage is in a specific order which cannot be skipped for they incorporate learning from the previous stage.
Stages:
Sensorimotor period (Birth to 2 years)
Preoperational period (2 to 7 years)
Concrete operational Period (7 to 11 years)
Formal Operational Period (11 to 15 years)

Constructivism Theories

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Facilitation Theory (The Humanist Approach)

Experiential learning
Multiple Intelligence
Verbal-Linguistic
Math-Logical (The Scientist)
Visual-Spatial (The Builder)
Musical (The Composer)
Bodily-Kinesthetic (The Athlete)
Interpersonal (The Peacemaker)
Intrapersonal (The Philosopher)
Naturalist (The Earth Lover)

(For further readings and understanding on the following sub-topics, students are required to visit to Google,
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YouTube and book references )

Exercise 1

Direction: answer the question briefly.

Can educators work hand in hand with parents to further reinforce other positive Filipino values
and tradition?

Assessment

Name: ____________________________________
Course:____________________________________

Direction: Please answer the following questions. Essay type test. (10 points each points each criterion.)

1. Cite one factor that has the most effect on the value formation of young people. Why?

2. Do you agree with the findings of the national Filipino catholic Youth Survey?

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3. Can you share some attitudes, beliefs, and faith stances that the Filipino youth are demonstrating in these
modern times?
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4. How can the various learning theories and multiple intelligences be able to help you in crafting
effective values education lessons for your students?

5. Among the learning theories presented, which do you think best suits the students of today?

Reflection

How can a teacher positively contribute to the value formation of his or her students?
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Resources

Priciliano T. Buazon (2002): ESSENTIALS OF VALUES EDUCATION (2 ND ED.). National Book Store, San Juan Metro
Manila

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