THE TENSES
TENSE= VERB TENSE= TIME
PRESENT CONTINUOUS OR PROGRESSIVE
formula:
SUBJECT + AM/IS/ARE + ING VERB
KIRSSY IS TAKING ENGLISH CLASSES.
KIRSSY ISN’T TAKING ENGLISH CLASSES.
IS KIRSSY TAKING ENGLISH CLASSES?
LIVING IN NEW YORK IS MORE DIFFICULT THAN LIVING IN CANADA
KATHERINE IS DANCING
KATHERINE ISN’T DANCING.
IS KATHERINE DANCING?
ISN’T KATHERINE DANCING?
2- when to use it:
A) To indicate that an action is happening at the moment that we are
speaking ( right now).
B) To indicate that an action is in progress ( not concluded).
C) We can use present continuous for “fixed arrangements” in the near
future.
3) key words and expressions IN PRESENT CONTINUOUS: now, right now, at the
moment, at this moment, currently, look!! , listen!!, etc.
Examples:
A:What are you doing ?
B: I’m taking my English class.
B: what is the teacher doing?
A: the teacher is explaining the new lesson.
A: what is Sebastian doing?
B: He is playing video games.
A: What is the baby doing?
B: he is sleeping in his bedroom.
More examples:
I am eating pizza.
It is raining
My mother is making dinner.
The dog is barking.
The cat is scratching the couch.
Simple present:
1-Formulas:
(+)subject + base form of the verb.
(-) subject+ don’t/ doesn’t + base form of the verb
( ?) do/ does + subject+ base form of the verb?
2- when to use it:
-to talk about daily routines, repeated actions, habits, or routines in general.
-for facts ( general truths)
- to describe permanent or temporary states and conditions.
-for timetable / schedules.
3-key words or expressions IN SIMPLE PRESENT
Every day, every morning, usually, always, sometimes, never, every month, every
week, once a week , twice a week, every night, hardly ever, etc.
Hardly / jar-dli)
ALWAYS /o-lueis/
Almost /OLMOST/ =CASI
Do, DON’T= I, YOU, WE, THEY
DOES , doesn’t= HE, SHE, IT
Doesn’t= does not
DO= DO NOT= DON’T
DOES NOT = DOESN’T / da-zent/
Do not= don’t
(+)subject + base form of the verb.
I sleep
(-) subject+ don’t/ doesn’t + base form of the verb
I don’t sleep
( ?) do/ does + subject+ base form of the verb?
Do I sleep ?
I live in Santo Domingo.
Negative: I don’t live in Santo Domingo
Monica lives in Santo Domingo.
Monica doesn’t live in Santo Domingo.
Abinader works very hard for the country.
Abinader doesn’t work very hard for the country.
He doesn’t work very hard for country.
The students read 5 pages every day
Do the students read 5 pages every?
The students don’t read 5 pages every day.
The children watch TV every afternoon.
The children don’t watch TV every afternoon.
DON’T THE CHLIDREN WATCH TV EVERY AFTERNOON?
AREN’T THE CHILDREN WATCHING TV?
DOES / daz/= HE, SHE, IT
DO = I, WE, THEY, YOU
We study English.
We don’t study English.
Do we study English?
Don’t we study English?
WE DON’T USE AUXILIARIES DO , DON’T, DOES
OR DOESN’T WITH THE VERBS “BE” “CAN”
YOU ARE DOMICAN
YOU DON’T ARE DOMINICAN.= YOU AREN’T DOMINICAN
SHE IS AMERICAN
SHE DOESN’T IS AMERICAN = SHE ISN’T AMERICAN
In simple present we use the auxiliary “do”
Affirmative Negative Negative Affirmative Negative
( full form) (short questions questions
form)
I do I do not I don’t Do I ? Don’t I?
You do You do not You don’t Do You? Don’t you?
He does He does He doesn’t Does he? Doesn’t he?
not
She does She does She doesn’t Does she? Doesn’t
not she?
It does It does not It doesn’t Does it? Doesn’t it ?
We do We do not We don’t Do we? Don’t we?
They do They do not They don’t Do they? Don’t they?
Important: When we conjugate a verb in simple present we have to make
sure that we use the correct form of the verb with the 3rd person singular (HE,
SHE, IT ) ONLY IN AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES.
S, ES, IES
THE 3RD PERSON SINGULAR: HE, SHE , IT
- Rule #1 When the verb ends in SS, CH, SH, O, X we add “es”
Examples : I wish ----she wishes she wish
I fix the problem ----she fixes the problem.
I watch TV -----my mother watches TV
I GO TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY--- SHE GOES TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.
Rule #2 -when the verb ends in consonant+ y, we drop the “y” and we add
“ ies”
I STUDY AT UASD----SHE STUDIES AT UASD
I TRY TO LEARN ENGLISH---MY SISTER TRIES TO LEARN ENGLISH.
- Rule #3 when the verb ends in “vowel+ y”, we simply add “S”
- I PLAY FOOTBALL----- MY SISTER PLAYS FOOTBALL
we stay in bed until late----Monica stays in bed until late.
we enjoy going to the beach---she enjoys going the beach.
We can use DO or DOES with any verbs, except with the verbs:
“BE”, and modals verbs( can, must, should, ought to, ect.)
I LIVE IN NEW YORK-----
MONICA LIVES IN NEW YORK.
MONICA DOESN’T LIVE IN NEW YORK
I TEACH ENGLISH---
MY MOTHER TEACHES ENGLISH. MY MOTHER DOESN’T TEACH
ENGLISH.
WE WATCH MOVIES ON NETFLIX. ----
DIANA WATCHES MOVIES ON NETFLIX.
DIANA DOESN’T WATCH MOVIES ON NETFLIX
I WORK IN A STORE====PEDRO WORKS IN A STORE
Exercise : write the correct form of the verb ( simple present or
present continuous)
1- My father lives in Canada.
(-)My father doesn’t live in Canada.
(?)Does My father live in Canada?
2-The children play in the yard
(-)The children don’t play in the yard.
(?)Do the children play in the yard?
3-Claudia Watches TV every morning.
(-) Claudia doesn’t watch TV every morning.
(?)Does Claudia watch TV every morning?
4- Nazary studies her English lessons every day.
(-)Nazary doesn’t study her English lessons every day.
(?)Does Nazary study her English lessons every day?
5- Diego has a new phone number.
(-) Diego doesn’t have a new phone number.
(?) Does Diego have a new phone number?
I need to learn the lyrics of the song by heart
By heart / bai jart/ = memorized
I know my credit card number by heart.
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