1.
Overview of SAP BI Architecture
2. Key Components of SAP BI System:
3. SAP BI/BW Architecture:
Database Server: Where data is physically stored.( ODS, PSA, Infocube and
metadata repository).
Application Server: The application server is based on the OLAP processor.
It is used to retrieve data stored in the database server.
Presentation Server: Manages reporting and data access
4. SAP Infoobject, Infoarea, Infoobject
Catalog Tutorial
InfoObjects can be classified into the following types:
Characteristics (for example, customers)
Key figures (for example, revenue)
Units (for example, currency, amount unit)
Time characteristics (for example, fiscal year)
Technical characteristics (for example, request number)
Before creating an Info Object, Info Area and Info Object Catalog need to
be created.
What is an InfoArea?
In Business Warehouse, Info-areas are the branches and nodes of a
tree structure.
It is used to organize info cubes and info objects.
Each Info-object is assigned to an Info Area.
Info Area can be thought of as a folder used to hold related files
together.
What is Infoobject Catalog?
Every info object need to be created within an Info Object Catalog.
It helps in organization and is no way related to reporting functions.
Example: There are tons of InfoObjects for SAP Financials which can
be clubbed into a InfoObject Catalog. This makes management and
maintainence easy.
An Info Object can be assigned to multiple Catalog
There are 2 types of Info Object Catalog.
1. Characteristic Info Object Catalog
2. Key figure Info Object Catalog
Here is the RoadMAP to create an Infoobject
5. What is DSO?
A DSO is a two dimensional storage unit which mainly stores consolidated
and cleansed transaction data or master data on a lowest granularity. DSO
stands for Data Store Object.
It is a two dimensional Transparent Table.
Data is stored at detailed level.
With DSO, it is also possible to overwrite data fields.
Detailed level reporting can be obtained from a DSO.
Why use DSO?
Lets take an example of Sale order Data, which has to be extracted from SAP
R/3 system(OLTP:Online Transaction Processing data which keeps changing)
into BI. The Sales Orders created in the R/3 system could be edited at any
point of time after creation of the record. Initially when sales order records are
created in R/3, these records are extracted into BI. Once the records are
changed in R/3, the changes need to be made in BI.
Types of DSO
DSOs can be classified into the following types:
1. Standard DSO
2. Direct Update DSO
3. Write-Optimized DSO
A standard DSO has three transparent tables on the database.
1. Activation Queue: Holds the records that are to be updated, not yet
been activated.
2. Active Data:Table which holds active data.
3. Change Log:Holds the change history for delta loads.
Process of Data transfer to DSO
Data gets first loaded into the activation Queue also called the New data
table.
Dataupon “Activation” is transferred from New data table to Active data
table
And then to Change log table. In change log table you can have the
changed data or corrected data.
Note: the data in Change log table is redundantly stored and can be deleted
after the records have been activated.
What is Write Optimized DSO?
Write Optimized DSO is used when a Data storage object is required for
storing lowest granularity records such as address and when overwrites
functionality is not needed. It consists of the table of active data only, hence
no need for data activation which increases data process. Data store object is
available immediately for further processing; it is used as a temporary storage
area for large set of data.
Write-Optimized DSO has been primarily designed to be the initial staging of
the source system data from where the data could be transferred to the
Standard DSO or the Info Cube
Write Optimized DSO Properties:
It is used for initial staging of source system data.
Data stored is of lowest granularity.
Data loads can be faster since it does not have the separate activation
step.
Every record has a technical key and hence aggregation of records is
not possible. New records are inserted every time.
What is Direct Update DSO in SAP? How
to Create One?
Standard DSO differs from Direct update DSO in terms of how data is
processed.
In Standard DSO, data is stored in different versions Active, Delta, Modified
whereas Direct Update DSO contains data in single version. Data is stored
precisely in same form in which it is written to DSO consists of Active Data
Table for direct update by the application. It retrieves its data from external
systems via fill or delete APIs.
SAP InfoSet Tutorial: What is, Create,
Joins
Infoset is a special kind of Infoprovider which does not store data physically. In
other words, Infoset are InfoProviders that logically join data and provide this
data for BI queries. Infoset collects data from the tables of InfoProviders used
to build it. Infoset describes data sources that are defined as a rule of join on
Datastore objects, Info-objects or standard InfoCube
What Is an Infocube in SAP BI/BW? How
To Create One?