Lecture 6
CABLESTRUCTURES
Advanced Building Construction
210702
July- Dec 2021
Dr Anjali S Patil
VECTOR ACTIVE STRUCTURES
a. Truss structures
b. Space frame Structures
BULK ACTIVE STRUCTURES
a. Folded Plate Structures
KINETIC STRUCTURES
Cable structures
Most tensile structures are very flexible in comparison to
conventional structures. This is particularly true for the
current, fashionable, minimal structures, where all the
members want to be under axial forces. Here, repetitive
members with pinned joints are tied together and
stabilized by cables or rods.
Because of the lightweight and flexible nature of cable-
stayed roof structures they may be especially vulnerable
with respect to vertical stiffness, wind uplift, lateral
stability, and dynamic effects
Lateral bracing
Suspended highrise structures (tensile columns)
Single-layer, simply suspended cable roofs
Single-curvature and dish-shaped (synclastic) hanging roofs
Prestressed tensile membranes and cable nets (see Surface
Structures)
Edge-supported saddle roofs
Mast-supported conical saddle roofs
Arch-supported saddle roofs
Air supported structures and air-inflated structures (air members)
Cable-supported structures
cable-supported beams and arched beams
cable-stayed bridges
cable-stayed roof structures
Tensegrity structures
Planar open and closed tensegrity systems: cable beams, cable trusses, cable frames
Spatial open tensegrity systems: cable domes
Spatial closed tensegrity systems: polyhedral twist units
Hybrid structures
Combination of the above systems
Cables refer to flexible tension members consisting of,
rods, plates, W-sections, tubes, etc. strands,
Ropes,
tensile reinforced concrete columns wood members
Wires are laid helically around a center wire to produce a strand,
while ropes are formed by strands laid helically around a core (e.g.
wire rope or steel strand).
Bollman Iron Truss
Bridge, Savage, MD,
1869, Wendel Bollman
Tower Bridge, London,
1894, Horace Jones
Arch, John Wolfe Barry
Struct. Eng
Golden Gate Bridge (longest span 4200 FT), San Francisco, 1937, Joseph
Strauss, Irving Morrow and Charles Ellis Designers
Stansted Airport,
London, 1991, Norman
Foster Arch, Ove Arup
Struct. Eng.
Lateral tensile bracing
Highrise suspended structures
Media TIC Building, Barcelona, Spain,
2010, Enric Ruiz-Geli Arch, Agusti Obiol –
BOMA Struct. Eng
Ludwig Erhard Haus,
Berlin, Germany, 1999,
Nick Grimshaw Arch
Exchange House,
London, 1990, SOM
Arch + Strct. Eng
Poly Corporation
Headquarters, Beijing,
China, 2007, SOM Arch +
Struct. Eng
Standard Bank Centre,
Johannesburg, South Africa,
1970, Hentrich-Petschnigg
Arch
Westcoast
Transmission
Company Tower,
Vancouver,
Canada, 1969,
Rhone & Iredale
Arch, Bogue
Babicki Struct
Hospital tower of the
University of Cologne,
Germany, Leonard Struct.
Eng.
Kleefelder Hängehaus (Norcon-Haus), Hannover,
Germaqny, 1984,
Schuwirth & Erman Arch
Single-layer, cable-suspended structures:
single-curvature and dish-shaped (synclastic) hanging roofs
Trade Fair Hannover, Hall 26,
Thomas Herzog Arch, 1996,
Jorg Schlaich Struct.
Eng.
Braga Stadium, Braga,
Portugal, 2004, Eduardo
Souto de Moura , AFA
Associados with Arup
Prestressed tensile membranes and
cable nets:
Jaber Al Ahmad Stadium Kuwait, Kuwait, 2005, Weidleplan Arch,
Schlaich Bergemann Struct. Eng.
Cable-supported structures
● cable-supported beams and arches
● suspended cable-supported roof structures
● cable-stayed bridges
● cable-stayed roof structures
Cable supported bridge, Berlin
Milleneum Bridge, London,
2000, Foster Arch, Arup
Struct. Eng
Cable supported arches
Hilton Munich Airport, Munich,
Germany, 1997, H. Jahn Arch, Jörg
Schlaich Struct. Eng
Railway Station "Lehrter
Bahnhof“, Berlin, 2003,
Architect von Gerkan Marg
und Partner, Schlaich
Bergerman Structural
Engineers
Berlin Central Station, Berlin, 2006, von Gerkan,
Marg Arch, Schlaich
Bergerman Structural Engineers
COMPOSITE SYSTEMS AND FORM-RESISTANT STRUCTURES
Waterloo Terminal, London,
1993, Nicholas Grimshaw
Arch, Anthony Hunt Struct.
Eng
TGV Lille-Europe Station,
Lille, France, 1994, Jean-
Marie Duthilleul/ Peter Rice
PRESTRESSING TENSILE WEBS
Chiddingstone Orangery Gridshell,
Kent, UK, 2016, Peter Hulbert Arch,
Buro Happold Struct. Eng
DZ Bank including auditorium, Berlin, Germany ,2001, Frank Gehry Arch, Schlaich
Bergemann Struct. Eng
Suspended cable- and arch-
supported bridge and roof
structures
Akashi-Kaikyo-Bridge,
Japan, 1998, 1990 m
span
The Olympic Velodrome, Athens,
Greece, 2004, Santiago Calatrava
Wupperbrücke Ohligsmühle, Wuppertal
–
Elberfeld, Germany, 2002
Cable-stayed bridges
Ganter Bridge, Brig,
Switzerland, 1980, Christian
Menn designer
Willemsbridge, Rotterdam, 1981, is
a double suspension bridge,
[Link] designer
Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge, Boston, 2003
CABLE – STAYED ROOF STRUCTURES
•Cable-stayed, double-cantilever roofs for central spinal buildings
•
•Cable-stayed, single-cantilever roofs as used for hangars and
grandstands
•Cable-stayed beam structures supported by masts from the outside
•
Spatially guyed, multidirectional composite roof structures
Alitalia Hangar, Rom,
Italy,
1960, Riccardo Morandi
Arch
Railway Station, Tilburg, Holland,
1965,
Koen van der Gaast Arch
Italian Industry Pavilion at
Expo '70, Osaka, Japan,
1970, Renzo Piano Arch
The University of
Chicago Gerald Ratner
Athletic Center, Cesar
Pelli, 2002
Ontario Place, Toronto, Canada,
1971, Eberhard Zeidler Arch
Millenium Dome (365 m), London, 1999, Richard
Rogers Arch, Buro Happold Struct. Eng
Tensile Membrane Structures
Pneumatic structures of domical and cylindrical shape
(i.e., synclastic shapes)
•Air-supported structures
•Air-inflated structures (i.e., air members)
•Hybrid air structures
Anticlastic prestressed membrane structures
•Edge-supported saddle roofs
•Mast-supported conical saddle roofs
•Arch-supported saddle roofs
•Corrugate tensile roofs (radial, linear)
Membrane surfaces as cladding
Hybrid tensile surface structures (possibly including
tensegrity)