Normal Ranges
HEMATOLOGY – Red Blood Cells. - the measurement of the normal range of red blood
cell count of a person.
RBC (Male) 4.2 – 5.6 10^6 / µL [Scientific Notation: 10^6 = 1,000,000]
RBC (Female) 3.8 – 5.1 10^6 / µL
RBC (Child) 3.5 – 5.0 10^6 / µL
HEMATOLOGY – White Blood - measurement of the white blood cell count in the
Cells. body.
WBC (Male) 3.8 – 11.0 10^3 / mm3 [Scientific Notation: 10^3 =
1,000]
WBC (Female) 3.8 – 11.0 10^3 / mm3
WBC (Child) 5.0 – 10.0 10^3 / mm3
HEMOGLOBIN - Diseases that affect red blood cells or the
amount of hemoglobin in the blood may be
Hgb (Male) 14 – 18 g/dL
Hgb (Female) 11 – 16 g/dL
Hgb (Child) 10 – 14 g/dL
Hgb (Newborn) 15 – 25 g/dL
HEMATOCRIT - Determines the proportion of blood that is made
up of red blood cells and may be used to determine
the severity of anemia.
Hct (Male) 39 – 54%
Hct (Female) 34 – 47%
Hct (Child) 30 – 42%
MCV 78 – 98 fL
MCH 27 – 35 pg
MCHC 31 – 37%
neutrophils 50 – 81%
bands 1 – 5%
lymphocytes 14 – 44%
monocytes 2 – 6%
eosinophils 1 – 5%
basophils 0 – 1%
CARDIAC MARKERS - Used to diagnose patients with chest discomfort
suspected with acute coronary syndrome
(ACS).
troponin I 0 – 0.1 ng/ml (onset: 4-6 hrs, peak: 12-24 hrs, return to
normal: 4-7 days)
troponin T 0 – 0.2 ng/ml (onset: 3-4 hrs, peak: 10-24 hrs, return to
normal: 10-14 days)
myoglobin (Male) 10 – 95 ng/ml (onset: 1-3 hrs, peak: 6-10 hrs, return to
normal: 12-24 hrs)
myoglobin (Female) 10 – 65 ng/ml (onset: 1-3 hrs, peak: 6-10 hrs, return to
normal: 12-24 hrs)
GENERAL CHEMISTRY
GENERAL CHEMISTRY - evaluates a number of the body’s components.
acetone 0.3 – 2.0 mg%
albumin 3.5 – 5.0 gm/dL
alkaline phosphatase 32 – 110 U/L
anion gap 5 – 16 mEq/L
ammonia 11 – 35 µmol/L
amylase 50 – 150 U/dL
AST,SGOT (Male ) 7 – 21 U/L
AST,SGOT (Female) 6 – 18 U/L
bilirubin, direct 0.0 – 0.4 mg/dL
bilirubin, indirect total minus direct
bilirubin, total 0.2 – 1.4 mg/dL
BUN 6 – 23 mg/dL
calcium (total) 8 – 11 mg/dL
carbon dioxide 21 – 34 mEq/L
carbon monoxide symptoms at greater than or equal to 10% saturation
chloride 96 – 112 mEq/L
creatine (Male) 0.2 – 0.6 mg/dL
creatine (Female) 0.6 – 1.0 mg/dL
creatinine 0.6 – 1.5 mg/dL
ethanol 0 mg%; Coma: greater than or equal to 400 – 500 mg%
folic acid 2.0 – 21 ng/mL
glucose 65 – 99 mg/dL
(diuresis greater than or equal to 180 mg/dL)
HDL (Male) 25 – 65 mg/dL
HDL (Female) 38 – 94 mg/dL
iron 52 – 169 µg/dL
iron binding capacity 246 – 455 µg/dL
lactic acid 0.4 – 2.3 mEq/L
lactate 0.3 – 2.3 mEq/L
lipase 10 – 140 U/L
magnesium 1.5 – 2.5 mg/dL
osmolarity 276 – 295 mOsm/kg
parathyroid hormone 12 – 68 pg/mL
phosphorus 2.2 – 4.8 mg/dL
potassium 3.5 – 5.5 mEq/L
SGPT 8 – 32 U/L
sodium 135 – 148 mEq/L
T3 0.8 – 1.1 µg/dL
thyroglobulin less than 55 ng/mL
thyroxine (T4) (total) 5 – 13 µg/dL
total protein 5 – 9 gm/dL
TSH Less than 9 µU/mL
urea nitrogen 8 – 25 mg/dL
uric acid (Male) 3.5 – 7.7 mg/dL
uric acid (Female) 2.5 – 6.6 mg/dL
LIPID PANEL (Adult)
cholesterol (total) <200 mg/dL desirable
cholesterol (HDL) 30 – 75 mg/dL
cholesterol (LDL) <130 mg/dL desirable
triglycerides (Male) > 40 – 170 mg/dL
triglycerides (Female) > 35 – 135 mg/dL
URINE - used to diagnose different metabolic and kidney
disorders.
color Straw
specific gravity 1.003 – 1.040
pH 4.6 – 8.0
Na 10 – 40 mEq/L
K < 8 mEq/L
C1 < 8 mEq/L
protein 1 – 15 mg/dL
osmolality 80 – 1300 mOsm/L
24 HOUR URINE
amylase 250 – 1100 IU / 24 hr
calcium 100 – 250 mg / 24 hr
chloride 110 – 250 mEq / 24 hr
creatinine 1 – 2 g / 24 hr
creatine clearance (Male) 100 – 140 mL / min
creatine clearance (Male) 16 – 26 mg / kg / 24 hr
creatine clearance (Female) 80 – 130 mL / min
creatine clearance (Female) 10 – 20 mg / kg / 24 hr
magnesium 6 – 9 mEq / 24 hr
osmolality 450 – 900 mOsm / kg
phosphorus 0.9 – 1.3 g / 24 hr
potassium 35 – 85 mEq / 24 hr
protein 0 – 150 mg / 24 hr
sodium 30 – 280 mEq / 24 hr
urea nitrogen 10 – 22 gm / 24 hr
uric acid 240 – 755 mg / 24 hr
COAGULATION - calculate the role of proteins necessary for blood
clot formation.
ACT 90 – 130 seconds
APTT 21 – 35 seconds
platelets 140,000 – 450,000 /ml
plasminogen 62 – 130%
PT 10 – 14 seconds
PTT 32 – 45 seconds
FSP <10 µg/dL
fibrinogen 160 – 450 mg/dL
bleeding time 3 – 7 minutes
thrombin time 11 – 15 seconds
CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID - a series of tests that assess substances present in the
cerebral spinal fluid in order to be able to diagnose
circumstances affecting the central nervous system.
appearance clear
glucose 40 – 85 mg/dL
osmolality 290 – 298 mOsm/L
pressure 70 – 180 mm/H2O
protein 15 – 45 mg/dL
total cell count 0 – 5 cells
WBCs 0 – 6 / µL
HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS - The examination of hemodynamic parameters over
time, such as blood pressure and heart rate in order
to gauge blood flow and circulation.
cardiac index 2.5 – 4.2 L / min / m2
cardiac output 4 – 8 LPM
left ventricular stroke work 40 – 70 g / m2 / beat
index
right ventricular stroke work 7 – 12 g / m2 / beat
index
mean arterial pressure 70 – 105 mm Hg
pulmonary vascular resistance 155 – 255 dynes / sec / cm to the negative 5
pulmonary vascular resistance 255 – 285 dynes / sec / cm to the negative 5
index
stroke volume 60 – 100 mL / beat
stroke volume index 40 – 85 mL / m2 / beat
systemic vascular resistance 900 – 1600 dynes / sec / cm to the negative 5
systemic vascular resistance 1970 – 2390 dynes / sec / cm to the negative 5
index
systolic arterial pressure 90 – 140 mm Hg
diastolic arterial pressure 60 – 90 mm Hg
central venous pressure 2 – 6 mm Hg; 2.5 – 12 cm H2O
ejection fraction 60 – 75%
left arterial pressure 4 – 12 mm Hg
right atrial pressure 4 – 6 mm Hg
pulmonary artery systolic 15 – 30 mm Hg
pulmonary artery diastolic 5 – 15 mm Hg
pulmonary artery pressure 10 – 20 mm Hg
pulmonary artery wedge 4 – 12 mm Hg
pressure
pulmonary artery end diastolic 8 – 10 mm Hg
pressure
right ventricular end diastolic 0 – 8 mm Hg
pressure
NEUROLOGICAL VALUES - Confirms or excludes the occurrence of a
neurological disorder
cerebral perfusion pressure 70 – 90 mm Hg
intracranial pressure 5 – 15 mm Hg or 5 – 10 cm H2O
Tests performed in order to measure the pH and the amount of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide
(CO2) present in a sample of blood. The results of the tests are used to evaluate lung function and aid
to identify an acid-base imbalance. The sample may be taken from arterial or venous blood.
ARTERIAL VALUES
ARTERIAL VALUES
pH 7.35 – 7.45
PaCO2 35 – 45 mm Hg
HCO3 22 – 26 mEq/L
O2 saturation 96 – 100%
PaO2 85 – 100 mm Hg
BE -2 to +2 mmol/L
VENOUS VALUES
VENOUS VALUES
pH 7.31 – 7.41
PaCO2 41 – 51 mm Hg
HCO3 22 – 29 mEq/L
O2 saturation 60 – 85%
PaO2 30 – 40 mm Hg
BE 0 to +4 mmol/L