UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA.
FACULTY OF
EDUCATIONMATHEMATICS AND
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
KATIMA MULILO CAMPUS
LAB REPORT
FROM
CHIPWAPWA CHOZE AMOS
219382296
PRACTICAL ABOUT EXOTHERMIC AND ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS
EXPERIMENT 1
Introduction
The aim of the experiment is to verify the concept about exothermic and endothermic reaction, the
apparatus that I used during the experiment was test tubes, thermometer and beakers. The
chemicals we had was copper sulfate, magnesium powder, sodium hydrogen carbonate and citric
acid.
Materials
Test tubes, thermometer, beakers, copper sulfate, magnesium powder.
Procedures
step 1: add copper sulfate into the test tube.
step 2: measure the temperature of copper sulfate in the test tube and record the temperature.
step 3: add magnesium powder to the copper sulfate in the test tube and record the temperature
step 4: observe the temperature change and record.
sample temperature oc
copper sulfate in the test tube only 18.1
copper sulfate and magnesium in the test tube 66
difference in temperature 47.9
Observation
When magnesium powder was added to copper sulfate solution, the temperature increased and the
test tube became warm. Magnesium powder is more reactive than copper sulfate so magnesium
powder displaced copper sulfate, and the color of copper sulfate changed to brown. The reaction
is an exothermic reaction because heat or energy is given out.
Conclusion
The experiment was carried away to prove endothermic and exothermic reaction, it was successful
and came to a conclusion that the type of reaction was exothermic reaction because heat increased
out as we realized the rise change in temperature.
EXPERIMENT 2
Introduction
The aim of the experiment is to verify the concept about exothermic and endothermic reaction, the
apparatus that I used during the experiment was test tubes, thermometer and beakers. The
chemicals we had was copper sulfate, magnesium powder, sodium hydrogen carbonate and citric
acid.
Materials
Test tubes, thermometer, beakers, sodium hydrogen carbonate and citric acid.
Procedures
step 1: citric acid into the test tube.
step 2: measure the temperature of citric acid in the test tube and record the temperature
step 3: add sodium hydrogen carbonate to citric acid in the test tube and record the temperature.
step 4: observe the temperature change and record.
sample temperature oc
citric acid in the test tube only 23.8
sodium hydrogen carbonate and citric acid in 17.7
the test tube
difference in temperature -6.1
Observation
When sodium hydrogen carbonate was added to citric acid, the temperature dropped and some
few bubbles were formed. This was an endothermic reaction because heat was lost and the
temperature decreased.
Conclusion
The experiment was carried away to prove endothermic and exothermic reaction, it was
successful and came to a conclusion that the type of reaction was endothermic reaction because
heat was given out as we realized the downfall change in temperature.
Questions.
1. Name the gas observed during the experiment.
2. Which type of reaction takes place in the experiment 1 and 2?
3. Describe in terms of bond breaking and bond making, why some reactions are exothermic
and some are endothermic.
Solutions
1. In the second experiment the gas produced is Carbon dioxide.
2. Experiment 1 is exothermic reaction while experiment 2 is endothermic reaction.
3. Because some energy was gained in first experiment and lost in the second experiment,
magnesium powder is more reactive so it displaced copper sulphate