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Understanding Correlation and Hypothesis Testing

The document discusses different types of correlation and statistical significance. It defines positive and negative correlation, noting that correlation does not necessarily imply causation. It also explains that a p-value below 0.05 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, while a p-value above 0.05 shows weak evidence against the null hypothesis. An example is provided of conducting a hypothesis test to determine if a motorcycle can reach the claimed top speed.

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11 views2 pages

Understanding Correlation and Hypothesis Testing

The document discusses different types of correlation and statistical significance. It defines positive and negative correlation, noting that correlation does not necessarily imply causation. It also explains that a p-value below 0.05 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, while a p-value above 0.05 shows weak evidence against the null hypothesis. An example is provided of conducting a hypothesis test to determine if a motorcycle can reach the claimed top speed.

Uploaded by

Della
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1. Positive Correlation.

The two variables being compared have a perfect


positive relationship; when one variable moves higher or lower, the
other variable will move in the same direction with the same size.
Example: If reading habit increases, then mastery vocabulary increase.
The more you read, the more words you'll be found.

Negative: The two variables being compared have a negative


relationship. one variable increases, the other variable decreases with
the same size (and vice versa).
Example: If it is darker outside, more light is needed inside.

2. Penelitian korelasi tidak bersifat causative


"Correlation is not causation" means that just because two things
correlate does not necessarily mean that one variable causes the other.
Example: Cold weather tends to make you sidck, doesn’t mean eating an
ice cream can make you sick too.

3. Differences
0.01 is a p values that statistically significant. It indicates strong
evidence against the null hypothesis, so we can reject the null
hypothesis if the result is less than 0.05
0.05 is alpha that statically significant. It indicates weak evidence
against the null hypothesis, so we fail to reject the null hypothesis if the
result is more than 0.05.

For example, mio supposed to claim that their motorcycle product can
run 90km/hour but you think it’s less than that. You conduct a
hypothesis test because you believe the null hypothesis, Ho, that the
mean run 90km/hour, is incorrect. Your alternative hypothesis (Ha) is
that it runs less than 90km. You randomly sample and run the data
through the hypothesis test by trying it several times, and your p-value
turns out to be 0.01, which is much less than 0.05. In real terms, there is
a probability of 0.05 that you will mistakenly reject the yahamas claim
that mio can run 90km/hour. Since typically we are willing to reject the
null hypothesis when this probability is less than 0.05, you conclude that
the yamaha is wrong; their run speed are in fact less than 90km/hour,
and you want to know what they’re gonna do about it!

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