Work Study:
Work study is a systematic examination of the methods of carrying activities so as to improve
effective use of resources & to set up standards of performance for the activities being carried
out.
Time Study: Time study is a work measurement technique for recording time of performing a
certain conditions & for analyzing the data so as to obtain time necessary for an operator to carry
out at a define rate of performance.
Essential Information of Time Study:
Need to inform the Production Officer
Input date
Production finish date
Supply material or issue
Production flow of line.
Based on Time Study Line Graph is drawn to check whether line is balance or imbalance.
Line Graph:
Line graph is a plot of points with no of operation along X-axis & time for each operation along
Y-axis. To draw a line graph Basic Pitch Time (BPT), Upper Control Limit (UCL) & Lower
Control Limit (LCL) must be obtained.
BPT= Average Cycle Time/ Total worker
Average Cycle Time=Total Cycle Time/No of Cycle
UCL=120% of BPT
LCL=80% of BPT
Line balancing: Line balancing means the better allocation of necessary task among the
operators which reduce the waiting time & balance the workload among the stations.
Required Information of Line Balancing:
1. How many operators
2. Operations
3. SMV
4. Performance
5. Hours to achieve target
6. Capacity
7. Target
8. Types of machine
Bottleneck:
A bottleneck is the operation in any line that has the lowest capacity of production. It may be
holding up production operation or a lengthy operation that consume a great deal of time.
Reasons for Bottleneck:
If the side operator has more work content than other operator
If the operator is unskilled with respect to the operation
If there happens quality falls in the operations
If two or various types of thread are used in the same machine
If there is any problem in machinery purpose.
Steps to remove Bottlenecks:
Gathering information regarding the operation
Complete analysis of the operation
Select the correct operator or operation
Improve methods
Reduce work contain of operation
Ensure bottleneck is not working of faulty operations.
Layout:
Layout refers to the configuration of departments, worksite & equipments with particular
emphasis on movement of work through the system. In garment section layout means to
distribute or allocate element to individual worker in the line by considering total worker,
expense, total machine, types of machine & the SMV etc.
SMV Calculation:
SMV=Basic Time + Allowance (30% of Basic Time)
Allowance consists of:
Personal Allowance (5%)
Technical Allowance (8%)
Bundle Handling Allowance (9%)
Recovery Allowance (5%)
Others Allowance (3%)
Basic Time = (Observed Time X rating)/Standard Rating.
Target: Target is the amount of production which should be produce by an operator or a line
that a management desires.
Target= (No. of worker x w/hr. x 60 x Expected efficiency)/ SMV
Line Efficiency: Line efficiency means how effectively the raw materials & workers are utilized
in producing finished garments. It can be calculated as:
Line efficiency= (Earn hr x 100)/Available hr
Earn hr= (Total production x SMV)/60
Available hr= Total worker x Working hr
After introducing with time & motion study we have performed time study practically. Time
study is performed in two floors MKL-2 (Line B) & FFL-2 (Line A). Time study data &
obtained line graph is given below:
H
Date Buye O 1 1
9-Feb H&M Style 895710 P
: r: P: 5 7
: :
Unit Team Item
MKL-02 B TOMMY TEE
: : :
Da
Tanveer
SM Prdn Stud Grap ys
11.23 210 Pcs Hossain 1st 2
V: / Hr : y h: Ru
Bhuiyan
By : n:
Pr
U
CA Cap od
Operat Oper S SMV
OP Mach SL P. acit uc Perfo
Operation Attachment ors ators E Tgt /
# ine # TI y/ / rm %
Name ID. # O Hr
ME Hr. Hr
P
.
Rahm Re.M
1 977 1 1 0.60 231 100
Front & Back part match HP Hand an e
Re.M
1 Lipi 498 1 2 0.57 231 105
Front & Back part match HP Hand e
OL(3 Pressure Mahm
2 188 1 3 0.44 222 136 61%
Both shoulder join ) feet oda
sahana
3 309 1 4 0.43 240 140 58%
Thread cut after both shoulder join HP Cutter j
4 OL(3 pressure Nayon 421 1 5 0.48 250 125 50%
Neck rib joining with neck ) feet
Piping scessoring after neck rib Anwar
5 319 1 6 0.33 261 182 70%
joining with neck HP Scessores a
Noor
Re.M
6 Neck rib piping cut according to Hossai 968 1 7 0.52 240 115
e
measurement HP Scessores n
7 Razia 874 1 8 0.53 133 113 85%
Stitch remove from extra neck rib HP Cutter
Boolb Re.M
8 513 1 9 0.42 300 143
Neck rib mouth close LS Plain feet oli e
OL(3 Pressure Nasim Re.M
9 779 1 10 300 128
Neck rib close overlock ) feet a 0.47 e
Thread cut after neck rib closing Rokey
10 575 1 11 0.47 200 128 64%
overlock HP Scessores a
Re.M
11 Tape attached shoulder to shoulder Sumi 904 1 12 0.39 150 154
FOA E
Abdur Re.M
12 948 1 13 0.48 273 125
Tape scessoring after tape attached HP Scessores Rahim e
13 984 1 14 0.99 120 61 51%
Main level attach at patch LSA Plain feet Sabina
Rashe
13 880 1 15 120 65 54%
Main level attach at patch LSA Plain feet da 0.92
Sumo
14 832 1 16 1.17 80 51 64%
Patch level ironing HP Heat n
14 Rafiul 231 1 17 1.03 80 58 73%
Patch level ironing HP Heat
15 Reba 433 1 18 0.44 150 136 91%
Back part mark for patch level attach HP Chalk
16 442 1 19 1.30 80 46 58%
Patch lbl att at bk part insert size lbl LS Plain feet Jesmin
Anju-
16 499 1 20 80 44 55%
Patch lbl att at bk part insert size lbl LS Plain feet ara 1.37
Hamid
16 178 1 21 1.43 80 42 52%
Patch lbl att at bk part insert size lbl LS Plain feet a
Moriu
17 940 1 22 200 171 86%
Thread cut after patch lbl attached HP Cutter m 0.35
OL(3 Heming Nabab
18 New 1 23 0.56 158 107 68%
Sleeve blind hem ) feed Ali
Rashid Re.M
19 880 1 24 0.61 200 98
Thread cut after sleeve blind hem HP Cutter a e
19 Rina 944 1 25 0.55 200 109 55%
Thread cut after sleeve blind hem HP Cutter
Motal
20 949 1 26 0.44 171 136 80%
Both shoulder end point cut HP Scessores eb
Morjin
21 481 1 27 0.46 188 130 69%
Sleeve & body match HP Hand a
OL(4 Pressure Roksa
22 441 1 28 0.81 100 74 74%
Sleeve joining ) feet na
Beaut Re.M
23 946 1 29 0.82 188 73
Thread cut after sleeve joining HP Cutter y e
Beaut
24 827 1 30 0.33 250 182 73%
Care & size level tuck LS Plain feet y
OL(4 Pressure Sakhin
25 109 1 31 0.92 86 65 76%
Side seam insert care & size lbl ) feet a
25 OL(4 Pressure Setu 291 1 32 0.96 86 63 73%
Side seam insert care & size lbl ) feet
Fig: Line Graph of Time Study
Da O #R H #R
Buy
te 11-Feb H&M Style 855550 P EF P EF
er :
: : : ! : !
Un Tea Item
FFL-2 A Sports tee
it : m: :
Da
S Prd
Stud Grap ys
M 13.87 n/ 127 Pcs Shubhra Paul 1st 9
y h: Ru
V: Hr :
By : n:
Pr
CA od
Operato Oper US SMV Capaci Perf
OP Mac Attach SL P. uc
Operation rs ators E Tgt / ty / orm
# hine ment # TI /
Name ID. # OP Hr Hr. %
ME Hr
.
90
1 Minoti 1989 1 1 0.29 231 207
Front & Back part match HP Table %
OL 77
2 Alpona 2022 1 2 0.35 222 171
Shoulder join both side 4 Pr Feed %
77
3 Chaina 1931 1 3 0.31 250 194
Thread cut & body size HP Cutter %
Re.
4 Ruma 2084 1 4 0.65 250 92
Nk rib mark for V make HP Pencil Me
Momin 81
5 134 1 5 0.27 273 222
V make tack Ls PL Feet a %
89
6 Sokina 193 1 6 0.38 177 158
V joint make LS PL Feet %
LS 90
7 Selina 612 1 7 0.30 222 200
V att tack with body A PL Feet %
Thread cut after V tack with 90
8 Azeda 2169 1 8 0.30 222 200
body HP Cutter %
OL 87
9 NK rib join with body Anwer 611 1 9 0.38 182 158
4 Pr Feed %
Re.
10 Threasd cit after Nk rib join Sahina 480 1 10 200 207
HP Cutter 0.29 ME
OL 89
11 Shoulder to shoulder tap att Osman 1987 1 11 0.36 188 167
4 Pr Feed %
Trimming after piping & mark 100
12 Alea 2053 1 12 0.25 240 240
for lbl HP Cutter %
Main lbl att at back NK with 80
13 Osman 1987 1 13 0.40 188 150
piping LS PL Feet %
Shouder To Shoulder piping join FO 83
14 1076 1 14 0.46 158 130
top stt A Alim %
Zomira Re.
15 981 1 15 240 333
Triminig after top stt HP Cutter n 0.18 ME
LS Re.
16 Rabeya 2018 1 16 0.91 154 66
Front NK top stich A PL Feet Me
LS Re.
16 Raju 985 1 17 0.82 154 73
Front NK top stich A PL Feet Me
73
17 Hajera 2194 1 18 0.41 200 146
Thread cut after front NK stt HP Cutter %
OL Alamgi 69
18 1405 1 19 0.65 133 92
Pannel join with front part 4 Pr Feed r %
OL 73
18 Rahima 359 1 20 133 97
Pannel join with front part 4 Pr Feed 0.62 %
68
19 Beauty 2195 1 21 0.40 222 150
Thread cut after pannel join HP Cutter %
72
20 Moriom 543 1 22 333 240
Care & Care lbl tack LS PL Feet 0.25 %
Pannel join with back part incert Re.
21 Molida 900 1 23 1.04 158 58
care & name lbl LS PL Feet Me
Pannel join with back part incert Monoar Re.
21 2024 1 24 1.04 158 58
care & name lbl LS PL Feet a Me
Re.
22 Nazma 2185 1 25 0.19 222 316
Thread cut after pannel join HP Cutter ME
D set
Shahad 100
23 Pannel join with back & front top stt 1445 1 26 0.60 100 100
at %
top stt ILC Feed
D set
100
23 Pannel join with back & front top stt Sohel 1821 1 27 0.60 100 100
%
top stt ILC Feed
Re.
24 Shapla 1629 1 28 0.20 171 300
Thread cut after top stt & fold HP Cutter ME
OL 97
25 Sahadat 564 1 29 0.62 100 97
Slv join with body 4 Pr Feed %
OL 94
25 Anawer 267 1 30 0.64 100 94
Slv join with body 4 Pr Feed %
Trimming & Slv cut mark for 78
26 Rohima 2167 1 31 0.41 188 146
join HP Cutter %
OL Rashed 84
27 1258 1 32 0.31 231 194
Slv seam 4 Pr Feed ul %
Ismot 86
28 774 1 33 188 162
Slv & body match HP Hand Ara 0.37 %
Slv openning piping end point 72
29 Amina 348 1 34 231 167
tuck LS PL Feet 0.36 %
Slv opening piping end point 100
30 Rehena 2178 1 35 0.26 231 231
tuck mark HP Cutter %
Re.
31 Krisna 1932 1 36 0.24 214 250
Slv opening piping fold HP Hand ME
OL 64
32 1015 1 37 0.78 120 77
Slv opening piping join 4 Pr Feed Sujan %
OL 64
32 Reza New 1 38 0.78 120 77
Slv opening piping join 4 Pr Feed %
D set
Re.
33 heming Ukil 2041 1 39 0.22 200 273
ME
Btm hem ILC feed
Re.
34 Anisa 1190 1 40 0.25 231 240
Thread cut after btm hemming HP Cutter ME
97
35 Moni 2079 1 41 171 167
Badge lbl mark HP Pencil 0.36 %
1/16
70
36 Badge att body front part left LS guidge 156 1 42 0.69 125 87
%
side A feed Nilofa
1/16
71
36 Badge att body front part left LS guidge Halima 370 1 43 0.68 125 88
%
side A feed
Mursid 94
37 2235 1 44 0.32 200 188
Thread cut after badge att HP Cutter a %
Zahanar 77
38 233 1 45 0.39 200 154
Sticker remove & body turn over HP Hand a %
Fig: Line Graph of Time Study