ENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTION :-
The natural environment is inclusive of all the living and the non – living things that
occur naturally. The term environment covers the interaction of all the living species, climate,
weather and natural resources. All of these components have an impact on human survival
and economic activities. Environment is responsible for nourishing the life that exists on the
face of earth.

The environment has a vital role to play in the existence of all the life form on this
planet. The word environment finds its origin in the French Word environ, which means
“surrounding”. The concept of natural environment can be classified into two significant
components –

(a) The ecological units as a whole which functions as natural system and is not intervened by
the human civilization. It is inclusive of all the vegetation, micro – organisms, rocks, soil,
atmosphere etc. which occurs within their boundaries.

(b) All the available natural resources and physical phenomena that does not have a clear and
limited boundary. For instance air, water, radiation, climate, etc and everything that does not
find its origin in the actions of human civilization.

Environment functions:-
(1) Provides the supply of resources

       The environment offers resources for production.

 The environment includes the sun, soil, water, and air, which are essential for human
life.
(3) Assimilates waste

       Production and consumption activities generate waste.

       The environment enhances the quality of life.

       Human beings enjoy the beauty of nature that includes rivers, mountains, deserts,
etc
Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources:-
(1) Renewable resources

       Renewable resources are the resources that can never be exhausted or depleted
with continuous use.
       There remains a continuous supply of renewable resources.
       Examples: Water, trees, etc.
(2) Non-renewable resources

       Non-renewable resources are the resources that get exhausted with their extraction
and use.
       Examples: Coal, petroleum, iron ore, etc.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES:-
Our environment faces several problems, and many of these seem to be worsening with
time, bringing us into a time of a true environmental crisis. It is therefore becoming
increasingly important to raise awareness of the existence of these issues, as well as what can
be done to reduce their negative impact. Some of the key issues are:

1) Pollution- Pollution of the air, water and soil caused by toxins such as plastics, heavy
metals and nitrates, caused by factors such as toxins and gases released by factories,
combustion of fossil fuels, acid rain, oil spill and industrial waste.

2) Global warming- The emission of greenhouse gases due to human activity causes global
warming, which in turn causes an increase in temperature that then leads to rising sea levels,
melting of polar ice caps, flash floods and desertification.

3) Overpopulation- We are facing a shortage of resources such as food, water and fuel to
sustain the rising global population, particularly in developing countries. Intensive agriculture
attempting to lessen the problem actually leads to more damage through the use of chemical
fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides.

4) Deforestation- Loss of trees in order to make space for residential, industrial or

5) Ozone layer depletion- Pollution caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the air creates
a hole in the ozone layer, which protects the earth from harmful UV radiation.

6) Climate Change- Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical
weather patterns in a place. Climate change could refer to a particular location or the planet
as a whole.  Climate change has also been connected with other damaging weather events
such as more frequent and more intense hurricanes, floods, downpours, and winter storms.
CURRENT CASES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES :-

1) The Amazon rainforest is weakening and may start emitting carbon within 15 years.
2) Greenland is losing trillions of tons of ice and maybe approaching a tipping point.
3) In Siberia, permafrost is now thawing(melting) at dramatic scale.

4) A new study predicts that any sea level rise in the world's most southern continent will be
countered by an increase in snowfall, associated with a warmer Polar atmosphere. Using
modern methods to calculate projected changes to sea levels, researchers discovered that the
two ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica respond differently, reflecting their very distinct
local climates.

5) The world's oceans are becoming increasingly stressful places for marine life, and experts
are working to understand what this means for the future
SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT ENVIRONMENT FROM DETERIORATING:-
[Link] Deforestation- In order to mitigate the adverse effects of environmental
degradation, stopping deforestation is crucial for our environmental system.
[Link] Regulations- Governments require intervening and setting a framework
whenever there are problems that lead to significant eco-degradation. Governments set high
taxes for activities that harm our planet and support environmentally-friendly behaviour with
financial subsidies.
[Link] and Punishment For Illegal dumping- There should also be high fines for illegal
dumping to reduce the adverse ecological consequences. People and industries will continue
to dump their trash illegally as they know that even if they get caught, penalties are quite low.

4. Reuse and Reduce Waste Generation- You can reduce waste production by using your
items and food more efficiently. If you want to get rid of old but still working things, be
creative to give it a new look or use it in another way. By doing so, your material things will
be used more effectively. If they cannot be put to use anymore, separate them and give them
for recycling.

CONCLUSION:-

In the end, I want to say that, it is our duty to save and protect our Environment. We need
to fulfil our responsibilities and make ample efforts to protect our nature.
REFERENCES:-

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NAME- SWATI SUCHARITRA PANDA. BRANCH-