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Thin-Walled Pressure Vessel Analysis

This document provides the solution to a problem involving stresses in a thin-walled cylindrical steel pressure vessel subjected to internal pressure. It calculates the tangential and longitudinal stresses, determines the maximum pressure before stresses exceed 120 MN/m2, and notes that bursting would cause a longitudinal fracture.

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70 views1 page

Thin-Walled Pressure Vessel Analysis

This document provides the solution to a problem involving stresses in a thin-walled cylindrical steel pressure vessel subjected to internal pressure. It calculates the tangential and longitudinal stresses, determines the maximum pressure before stresses exceed 120 MN/m2, and notes that bursting would cause a longitudinal fracture.

Uploaded by

jimmy_d_nasution
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Home » Strength of Materials » Chapter 01 - Simple Stresses » Thin-walled Pressure Vessels

Solution to Problem 133 Pressure Vessel

Problem 133

A cylindrical steel pressure vessel 400 mm in diameter with a wall thickness of 20 mm, is subjected to an internal pressure of 4.5 MN/m2. (a) Calculate the tangential and longitudinal stresses in the steel. (b) To
what value may the internal pressure be increased if the stress in the steel is limited to 120 MN/m2? (c) If the internal pressure were increased until the vessel burst, sketch the type of fracture that would occur.

Solution 133

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Part (a)
Tangential stress (longitudinal section):

 
F = 2T

pDL = 2(σt tL)

pD 4.5(400)
σt = =
2t 2(20)

σt = 45 MPa           answer

 
Longitudinal Stress (transverse section):

 
F = P

1 2
πD p = σl (πDt)
4

pD 4.5(400)
σl = =
4t 4(20)

σl = 22.5 MPa           answer


 
Part (b)
pD pD
From (a), σ t = and σ l = thus, σ t = 2σl , this shows that tangential stress is the critical.

2t 4t
pD
σt =
2t

p(400)
120 =
2(20)

p = 12 MPa           answer

 
The bursting force will cause a stress in the longitudinal section that is twice to that of the transverse section. Thus, fracture is expected as shown.

 
Tags:  steel tangential stress pressure tank longitudinal stress cylindrical tank

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