Unit 2.

URBANISATION

LANGUAGE FOCUS
Phonetics
Vowels: Diphthongs
/ɑɪ/ (urbanisation), /eɪ/ (scale), /ɪə/ (sphere), /eə/ (where) ...
Grammar
The subjunctive in that-clauses after certain verbs and expressions
The doctor advised that my father cut down on his smoking.
The peasants demand that the government supply fertilizer and other assistance for their poor farms.
It is desirable that the Council close down the town's own broadcasting station.
Vocabulary
- Words and phrases related to urbanisation and its features:
counter-urbanisation, centralise, densely populated ...
- Word formation: Compound adjectives
old-aged, downmarket, well-established, long-lasting ...

I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. agree B. interest C. prepare D. demand
2. A. urbanize B. develop C. labourer D. industry
3. A. request B. vital C. urban D. crucial
4. A. imperative B. desirable C. essential D. popular
5. A. urbanize B. develop C. continue D. proposal
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. here B. fear C. clear D. where
2. A. hello B. below C. alone D. come
3. A. poor B. sure C. tour D. pure
4. A. how B. shout C. low D. count
5. A. play B. train C. nation D. urban
III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. The organization's long-term goal is to gain a strong position in the European market.
A. short-sighted B. short-term C. short-handed D. short-tempered
2. The number of young people finding a part-time job in big cities has fluctuated over the past five years.
A. increased B. decreased C. levelled out D. fell
3. More and more people are migrating to urban areas to look for better job opportunities.
A. crowded B. quiet C. rural D. spacious
4. Urbanization has resulted in massive problems besides the benefits.
A. major B. serious C. few D. minor
5. Overpopulation in big cities has severely affected the air and water quality.
A. seriously B. insignificantly C. largely D. commonly
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. It is desirable that the hotel manager ____ to call the maintenance staff every 6 months to clean up the air
conditioners.
 A. remember B. will remember C. must remember D. remembers
2. The Principal demanded that the heaters ____ immediately. Winter is coming!
A. are repaired B. be repaired C. were repaired D. repair
3. It's vital that the government ____ more on environmental issues.
A. focuses B. must focus C. should be focused D. focus
4. The boss insisted that Sam ____ at the meeting as he is too talkative for such a confidential project.
A. not be B. isn't C. was D. is
5. The fans proposed that they ____ there when G-Dragon gets off the plane.
A. be standing B. stood C. should have stood D. were standing
6. It is recommended the candidate ____ take as many IELTS mock tests as possible before going for the real
exam, which cost nearly $250.
A. takes B. should take C. must take D. will take
7. The board of executives requested every employee ____ to the meeting this weekend.
A. to come B. comes C. come stem D. must comedy
8. We suggested that you ____ to the organization.
A. be admitted B. admitted C. admit D. are admitted
9. It is imperative that you ____ ready when the car comes for you.
A. be B. will be C. getting D. are already
10. Olga recommends that his brother ____ the job without reading the work contract thoroughly.
A. should take B. can take on C. take D. not take
11. The doctor advised that the man ____ to a private room.
A. should transfer B. be transferred C. transfer D. must be transferred
12. The lawyer was insistent that the contract ____ in the presence of all the parties concerned.
A. sign B. should be signed C. must be signed D. were signed
13. These days, most young people would like to look for ____ the jobs rather than secure ones.
A. long-term B. well-paid C. fast-growing D. long-lasting
14. More and more people are moving to live in the city in search of better ____ prospects.
A. occupation B. job C. career D. work
15. People migrate to urban areas on a massive ____ for many reasons.
A. scale B. level C. extent D. number
16. The rural areas are said to suffer from the lack of natural resources as well as ____ weather conditions.
A. rigid B. extreme C. poor D. worsened
17. In some urban areas, it is reported that the population almost ____.
A. doubles B. twice C. two times D. twofold
18. If listeners are overloaded with too much information, they tend to ____.
A. turn off B. see off C. switch off D. take off
19. Loyalty is key to a ____ relationship.
A. long-lasting B. deep-rooted C. short-term D. far-sighted
20. People should be tolerant of other cultures; they should be more ____.
A. half-hearted B. light-hearted C. open-minded D. single-minded
21. There have been several in-depth and ____ talks on urbanization and its effects delivered in the university
hall.
A. thoughtless B. unthinkable C. thought-provoking D. thought-raising
22. To test his theory, the chemist ____ an experiment.
A. set up B. set out C. set forth D. set in
23. The manager threw a party ____ the group of computer experts from the United States.
A. in honour of B. in favour of C. in welcome of D. in celebration of
24. X: “I saw a film about Africa on TV several weeks ago. It's really hot there, isn't it?"
 Y: “____”
A. Certainly not. B. I've been there. C. Not all the time. D. Next month.
25. X: "How did your father go to France? By plane or by ship?"
Y: “____”
A. I don't know. B. Why not? C. To Paris. D. To go sightseeing.
26. We have discussed this problem at some ____, but have not found out the solution.
A. time B. energy C. length D . distance
27. I met ____ that I decided to book the room right away.
A. such nice receptionist B. so nice a receptionist
C. a nice receptionist D. a receptionist so nice
28. ____ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.
A. Children B. Children, when they C. As children D. For children to
29. Rarely ____ last longer than an hour.
A. do tornados B. tornados C. tornados that D. tornados do
30. Your picture is ____ to the picture in my bedroom.
A. same B. identical C. familiar D. resembling
V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
New technology helped cities grow. Elevated trains carried passengers over (1) ____ streets. In 1887, the
first (2) ____ streetcar system opened in Richmond, Virginia. Ten years later, the nation's first electric subway
trains began running beneath the streets of Boston.
Public transportation gave (3) ____ to suburbs, living areas on the outskirts of a city. People no longer
had to live in cities to work in cities. Steel bridges also (4) ____ suburban growth. The Brooklyn Bridge,
completed in 1883, (5) ____ the city center in Manhattan to outlying Brooklyn. As a result, New York City was
able to spread out to house its growing population.
Cities began to (6) ____ upward as well as outward. In 1885, architects in Chicago constructed the first
10-story building. People called it a “skyscraper” because its top seemed to touch the sky. By 1900, (7) ____
skyscrapers up to 30 stories high towered over cities. Electric elevators whisked office workers to the upper
floors.
As cities grew outward from their old downtown sections, living patterns changed. Many cities took on a
(8) ____ shape. Poor families crowded (9) ____ the oldest sections at the city's center. Middle-class people lived
farther out in row houses or new apartment buildings. The rich built fine homes on the (10) ____ of the city.
1. A. filled B. crowded C. crammed D. packed
2. A. electronic B. electrified C. electrocuted D. electric
3. A. rise B. raise C. place D. way
4. A. sped B. urged C. discouraged D. accelerated
5. A. related B. associated C. connected D. linked
6. A. expand B. extent C. lengthen D. widen
7. A. steel-framed B. steel-framing C. frame-steeled D. frame-steeling
8. A. alike B. same C. similar D. close
9. A. out of B. into C. at D. with
10. A. suburbs B. corners C. banks D. outskirts
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the
process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the
nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about
on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were
located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of
people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns
of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to
enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of
Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in
New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the
communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress
conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful
electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric
streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that
transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale
suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for
homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family
housing tracts.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The growth of Philadelphia B. The Origin of the Suburb
C. The Development of City Transportation D. The Rise of the Urban Middle Class
2. The author mentions that areas bordering the cities have grown during periods of ____.
A. industrialization B. inflation C. revitalization D. unionization
3. The word "encroachment" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. the smell of the factories B. the growth of mill towns
C. the development of waterways D. the loss of jobs
4. Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth-century suburbanization?
A. Cheaper housing B. Urban crowding
C. The advent of an urban middle class D. The invention of the electric streetcar
5. It can be inferred from the passage that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by ____.
A. automobile B. cart C. horse-drawn trolley D. electric streetcar
VII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions.
In 1860 the United States was predominantly rural. Most people were engaged in agriculture, and about
80 percent of the population actually resided on farms or in small villages. Only 20 percent lived in towns and
cities of 2,500 or more, the census definition of an urban area after 1880. New York alone in 1860 had more
than 1 million people, and only 8 cities could boast about a population of more than 100,000. Thereafter the
transition from a rural to a predominantly urban nation was especially remarkable because of its speed. By 1900,
urbanization, with all of its benefits, problems, and prospects for a fuller life, became the mark of modern
America.
The changing physical landscape reflected the shift to an urbanized society. Railroad terminals,
factories, skyscrapers, apartment houses, streetcars, electric engines, department stores, and the increased pace
of life were all signs of an emerging urban America. Indeed, the vitality, dynamic quality, variety, and restless
experimentalism in society centered in the urban communities where the only constant factor was change itself.
Urbanization did not proceed uniformly throughout the nation. New England and the Middle Atlantic
states contained the highest percentage of city dwellers. In the Middle West, the growth of cities such as
Chicago, Milwaukee, Cleveland, and St. Louis showed the importance of urbanization in that region. The three
West Coast states also experienced rapid urban growth. In the South, urbanization developed much more
slowly, although by 1910 the expansion of transportation, commerce, and industry had greatly increased the
population of older cities such as New Orleans and stimulated the growth of new urban centers such as
Birmingham. However, the South remained predominantly rural. Only somewhat more than 20 percent of the
population in that region was urban by 1910.
In some regions the urban impact had a depressing effect upon the surrounding rural communities. Much
of New England in the late nineteenth century presented a discouraging picture of abandoned farms and sickly
villages as people forsook the countryside and rushed to the larger towns and cities. In the Middle West,
particularly Ohio and Illinois, hundreds of townships lost population in the 1880's.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The benefits brought about by urbanization in the 1800's
B. The population of large urban areas in the 1800's
C. The problems associated with urban areas in the United States
D. The history of the urbanization of the United States
2. According to the passage, which of the following was the census definition of an urban area after 1880?
A. An area with a population that had recently increased by 20 percent
B. A city with a population of 1 million or more people
C. A town or city with a population of at least 2,500
D. An area or region with a population of at least 100,000
3. It is implied in paragraph 1 that people were attracted to urban because of ____.
A. the existence of public transportation B. the possibility for a fuller life
C. the lack of agricultural work D. the availability of housing
4. The word "shift" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. position B. resource C. change D. returns
5. Which of the following are mentioned in the passage as a sign of urbanized society in the United States in the
late 1800's?
A. Streetcars B. Schools C. Cultural activities D. Roads and highways
6. In paragraph 2, life in urban communities is characterized as ____.
A. dangerous B. competitive C. increasingly expensive D. constantly changing
7. Which of the following areas of the United States can be inferred to be the most urbanized at the end of the
1800's?
A. The states in the Middle West B. The three states on the West Coast
C. The New England and the Middle Atlantic states D. The states in the South
8. The author's main purpose in paragraph 4 is to ____.
A. establish that urban areas were important in contributing to the economic growth of the United States
B. demonstrate that the population of the United States increased dramatically during the late nineteenth
century
C. prove that the Middle West was the most adversely affected by large shifts in population
D. knowledge that urbanization had a negative impact on some communities in the United States
9. The word "forsook" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. left B. forewarned C . used D. populated
10. Which of the following does the passage support?
A. The percentage of the population of the United States engaged in agriculture decreased between 1860
and 1900.
B. The economic factors that caused large population shifts in the 1800's were unique to the United
States.
C. The changing physical landscape that resulted from urbanization created more disadvantages than
advantages.
D. The number of people who lived in the southern region of the United States in 1900 was significantly
less than in 1860.
VIII. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. Some managers require that the secretary is responsible for writing all reports as well as for balancing the
A B C D
books.
2. It is essential that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure.
A B C D
3. It was suggested that Oscar studies the material more carefully before attempting to pass the exam.
A B C D
4. It is imperative that a graduate student maintains a grade point average of “B” in his major field.
A B C D
5. It is necessary that one met with a judge before signing the final documents for a divorce.
A B C D
6. The famous Jim Thorpe won both the pantaloon or decathlon in the 1912 Olympic Games.
A B C D
7. Knowledges about cultures provides insights into the learned behaviours of groups.
A B C D
8. The most bulkiest of the poisonous snakes is the diamond backed rattler, which reaches 8 feet 8 inches long.
A B C D
9. Trees are designed as neither hardwoods or softwoods.
A B C D
10. Copper was the first metal used by man and is still of strong demand because it is a good conductor of
A B C D
electricity.
IX. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
1. How about having these exercises finished before playing games?
A. I suggest you play games before finishing these exercise.
B. I suggest these exercises be finished before we play games.
C. Let's play games before having these exercises finished.
D. Why not finish these exercises after playing games?
2. Because the weather was nice, we decided to go on a camping trip.
A. Because of the nice weather, we decide to go on a camping trip.
B. It was such nice weather that we decided to go on a camping trip.
C. In spite of the nice weather, we decided to go on a camping trip.
D. The weather was too nice for us to go on a camping trip.
3. Although he felt very sleepy, he tried hard to finish the exercises.
A. Sleepy as he feels, he tries hard to finish the excises.
B. He felt so sleepy that he tried hard to finish the exercises.
C. He felt very sleepy, but he tried hard to finish the exercises.
D. He tried hard to finish the exercises, which made him feel sleepy.
4. Because his parents encouraged him a lot, he passed all the exams.
A. If his parents did not encourage him a lot, he wouldn't pass all the exams.
B. Had it not been for his parents' encouragement, he wouldn't have failed all the exams.
C. Thanks to his parents' encouragement, he passed all the exams.
D. If his parents had encouraged him a lot, he would have failed all the exams.
5. "Do you still remember Darin, our childhood friend?" Mary asked me.
A. Mary asked me to remember Darin, our childhood friend.
 B. Mary reminded me of our childhood friend, Darin.
C. Mary wanted to know if Darin, our childhood friend, still remembered me.
D. Mary asked me whether I still remembered Darin, our childhood friend.
X. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
1. Şunny Hills is close to public transportation. Sea View is near a beautiful park.
A. Sunny Hills is close to public transportation, so Sea View is near a beautiful park.
B. Sunny Hills is close to public transportation, but Sea View is near a beautiful park.
C. Sunny Hills is close to public transportation, for Sea View is near a beautiful park.
D. Sunny Hills is close to public transportation, or Sea View is near a beautiful park.
2. I haven't got any milk left. I must go and buy some.
A. I haven't got any milk left, but I must go and buy some.
B. I haven't got any milk left, or I must go and buy some.
C. I haven't got any milk left, for I must go and buy some.
D. I haven't got any milk left, so I must go and buy some.
3. We couldn't get a seat. We arrived quite early.
A. Because we arrived quite early, we couldn't get a seat.
B. If we had arrived early, we could have got a seat.
C. Although we arrived quite early, we couldn't get a seat.
D. We arrived too early to get a seat.
4. Many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights. More people are flying for weekend trips to scenic
cities.
A. If many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights, more people will be flying for weekend trips
to scenic cities.
B. Although many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights, more people are flying for weekend
trips to scenic cities.
C. As many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights, more people are flying for weekend trips to
scenic cities.
D. Many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights, or more people are flying for weekend trips to
scenic cities.
5. Minh had a terrible headache. He went to school.
A. If Minh hadn't had a terrible headache, he would have gone to school.
B. Because Minh had a terrible headache, he went to school.
C. Minh had a too terrible headache to go to school.
D. Despite having a terrible headache, Minh went to school.
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. none B. phone C. stone D. zone
2. A. life B. like C. live D. lively
3. A. beard B. hear C. rear D. swear
4. A. ancient B. educate C. stranger D. transfer
5. A. account B. astound C. country D. mounting
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position
of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. emigrate B. immigrate C. advocate D. inhabit
7. A. confide B. comfort C. inflate D. severe
8. A. biology B. environment C. geography D. scientific
9. A. estimate B. prestigious C. proportion D. urbanity
10. A. drawback B. greenhouse C. mindset D. overload
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
23. This restaurant was highly recommended for good service, delicious food and kind-hearted boss.
A. ambitious and greedy B. attentive and helpful
C. generous and gracious D. polite and friendly
24. Since 1979, ULI has honored outstanding development projects in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors
with the ULI Global Awards for Excellence program, which today is widely recognized as the development
community's most prestigious awards program.
A. important B. notable C. ordinary D. respected
25. Many people move to urban areas seeking for job opportunity as well as stable employment.
A. durable B. long-lasting C. steady D. temporary
26. In cities, two of the most pressing problems facing the world today also come together: poverty and
environmental degradation.
A. destruction B. poisoning C. pollution D. progression
27. Unemployment is a massive problem for the government at the moment.
A. main B. major C. minor D. primary
28. A cost-effective way to fight crime is that instead of making punishments more severe, the authorities
should increase the odds that lawbreakers will be apprehended and punished quickly.
A. economical B. practical C. profitable D. worthless
29. I propose that we wait until the budget has been announced before committing ourselves to any expenditure.
A. approve B. recommend C. reject D. suggest
30. Until 1986 most companies would not even allow women to take the exams, but such gender discrimination
is now disappearing.
A. unfairness B. injustice C. partiality D. equality
31. The best hope of' avoiding downmarket tabloid TV future lies in the pressure currently being put on the
networks to clean up their act.
A. expensive B. famous C. poor quality D. uncreative
32. Without economie security and amid poor living conditions, crime is inevitable.
A. assured B. compulsory C. inescapable D. preventable
33. Increases in motor vehicle usage have resulted in congestion on the roads.
A. blockage B. obstruction C. opening D. overcrowding
34. Urbanization is the shift of people from rural to urban areas, and the result is the growth of cities.
A. maintenance B. movement C. transposition D. variation
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
35. Urban development ean magnify the risk of environmental hazards for example flash flooding.
A B C D
36. Even if rural areas are winning or losing from increased trade, however, remains uncertain.
A B C D
37. Strong city planning will be essential in managing those and others difficulties as the world's urban areas
A B C D
well.
38. Because of urbanization continues, not only the infrastructure for health but also other social services in
A B C
cities need improving,
D
39. Government should be used national resources in a more efficient way in order to meet the needs of
A B C D
growing populations.
40. What problems could it cause and how citizens should prevent these challenges will be covered in my
A B C D
essay.
41. Overpopulation is an undesirable condition where the number of existing human population exceeding the
A B C
carrying capacity of Earth.
D
42. The loan is interest-free, which means that you will only pay the fee listing on our website, with no extra
A B C
payment in the form of interest.
D
43. Food prices have raised so rapidly in the past few months that some families have been forced to alter their
A B C D
eating habits.

44. Because of severe asthma attacks, the doctor suggested his patient to stop smoking.
A B C D
45. Improving the status of women through increasing access to reproductive health care affecting migration
A B C D
and urbanization trends.
46. Poor air and water quality, insufficient water available, and high energy consumption are exacerbated by
A B C
demands of urban environments.
D
47. Starting with, the foremost problem engendered by overpopulation is traffic congestion.
A B C D
48. Between the time of the plague and the 21st century, there were hundreds and thousands of wars, natural
A B C
calamities and hazards man-made.
D
49. It is argued that high costs of living and rising transport difficulties being two of the most serious problems
A B C
brought about by overpopulation in cities.
D
50. Overpopulation and negative effect of it has been major concerns in cities all around the globe.
A B C D
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. It is necessary that you ____ able to come with us.
A. are B. be C. being D. to be
52. I suggest that Peter ____ the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle.
A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read
53. We request that she ____ the window.
A. not open B. not to open C. not opening D. to not open
54. The UK is considering the proposal that it ____ compensations for damages of the Indian embassy.
A. been paying B. is paying C. paid D. pay
55. Howard prefers that I ____ to his party.
A. am going B. go C. going D. will go
56. Mary demanded that the heater____ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. being repaired D. been repaired
57. The monk insisted that the tourists ____ the temple until they had removed their shoes.
A. not enter B. not entering C. not to enter D. to not enter
58. The recommendation that she ____ a holiday was carried out.
A. has taken B. take C. taken D. taking
59. Was it really necessary that I ____ there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the play? It
was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again.
A. am sitting B. be sitting C. being sitting D. sitting
60. I propose that we all ____ together so that nobody gets lost along the way.
A. be driving B. drive C. driven D. driving
61. It is impolite that you ____ there when he gets off the plane.
A. be not standing B. been not standing C. not be standing D. not been standing
62. It is recommended that the vehicle owner ____ present at the court.
A. be B. be not С . not being D. not to be
63. Congress has decreed that the gasoline tax ____.
A. abolish B. abolished C. be abolished D. been abolished
64. The doctor recommended that she ____ a specialist about the problem.
A. be seen B. seeing C. should be seen D. should see
65. It is essential that she ____ the truth.
A. told B. should be tell C. should be told D. should been told
66. It has been proposed that we ____ the topic.
A. not change B. not to change C. to change D. to not change
67. They hope to ____ a cure for the disease.
A. catch up on B. come up with C. fill up with D. go out with
68. Don't worry, we'll try to ____ the problems and find a solution for everyone.
A. carry on B. make up C. sort out D. switch off
69. Tony was totally opposed but if you give him some time to think about what you said. I'm sure he will ____
to your point of view.
A. come round B. deal with C. fit out D. keep down
70. The rapid rise in the global population is not expected to start ____ until past the middle of this century, by
which time it will have reached 9 billion.
A. falling off B. knocking down C. looking over D. passing out
71. In order to apply for a credit card, Tom first has to ____ a four-page form at the bank.
A. catch on B. come up with C. fill in D. hand out
72. The teacher explained so much stuff in just one lesson that most of the students could ____ only half of it.
A. break up B. get through C. let out D. take in
73. The map of top ten most densely ____ countries in the world includes Monaco, Singapore, Bahrain, Malta
and Bangladesh.
A. populated B. populating C. population D. popular
74. Interactive games could be used in order to keep students ____.
A. engage B. engaged C. engagement D. engaging
75. We could mention some solution and government ____ in the conclusion.
A. initiates B. initiatives C. initiations D. initiators
76. Women who ____ due to marriage are not considered to be ____.
A. migrate – migrants B. migrate – migrators
C. migrant – migrators D. migrant - migrations
77. Each child had to ____ a short speech to the rest of the class.
A. do B. carry out C . make D. take
78. Although it was more than an hour late, the superstar finally showed up and ____ the attention of the
audience.
A. grabbed B. held C. paid D. took
79. Has the interviewer ____ the date? Yes, it's on next Monday.
A. amend B. fixed C. moved D. revised
80. Don't worry. We're in good time; there's ____ to hurry.
A. impossible B. no need C. no purpose D. unnecessary
81. Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavourable conditions, which may result in ____ of food in
developing countries.
 A. damages B. failures C. shortages D. supplies
82. He wasn't able to ____ with the stresses and strains of the job.
A. catch up B. come down C. cope D. handle
83. Urbanization can bring social health and benefit; ____, it also has its drawbacks.
A. by the way B . furthermore C. however D. moreover
84. During the lesson, if you have questions or comments, please feel free to ____ them.
A. enlarge B. increase C. go up D. raise
85. We have to come to the conclusion. We are ____ out of time.
A. driving B. going C. running D. walking
86. Thanks to the development in technology, students have ____ to good resources.
A. been accessed B. access C. accessing D. assessed
87. The rate of urbanization is low ____ the rate of urban growth is high.
A. but B. however C. so D. therefore
88. The level of urban unemployment and numbers of ____ are high.
A. joblessness B. the jobless C. the joblessness D. the jobs
89. A high increase in crime rates is ____ by the majority of the people in urban cities.
A. affected B. gone through C. influenced D. suffered
90. Anna organized a few games to ____ the ice when the new students first arrived.
A. break B. crack C. drill D. melt