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Column footing design example
Q) Design a square footing of uniform thickness for an axially loaded column of 450 mm
x 450 mm size. Load on column is 850 KN. Use M20 concrete and Fe 416 steel.
Solution
Given, w, = 850 KN
Bearing capacity = 190 KN/m?
fe = 20N/mm?
f= 415 N/mm?
Step-1 Load calculation
we = 650 KN
Self weight of footing, w; = 10% of we = 85 KN
Step-2 Area of footing
wetwr _ 288 < 4.92 m?
au 190
Side of square footing = 4.92 = 2.22 m say 2.25 m
Factored soil pressure due to column load only
py= A888 = 251.85 KN/m*
2254225
A= Step-3 Depth of footing by one-way shear criterion
From clause [Link](a) of IS code 456:200, critical section for one way shear lies at
distance d from the face of column as shown in figure below,
2.25m
0.45m
—
asm 2.25 m
Le
Shear force due to factored soil pressure at critical section
225-043
= 2.28 x (FS
= 566.66 (0.9-d)
Assuming 0.2 % steel, T, = 0.32 N/mm?
Shear force resisted by section
=t Xd
d) x 251.85
(1)
= 282880 9 25 xd
70
= 720d
Equating (1) and (2), we get
566.66 (0.9-d) =720d
5028? =0.396m
3206.06
(A) Step-4 Shear force at critical section
51.85 x (2.25% 2.25 -(0.45 + d)*)
= 1274.99 - 251.85 (0.2025 + d +0.9d) (3)
Shear force raised by the critical section
Maximum allowable shear stress
= 025 )Fek
= 0.2520 = 1.118 N/mm? = 1118 KN/m?
Shear force resisted
= 1118(1.80+ 4d) xd
= [Link] #4472 Bone (4)
Equating (3) and (4)
Or, 127.99-251.85 (0.2025 + d?+ 0.9) = 2012.4d + 44724
a?-0.423d-29=0
4233 (Cosas sax 029
d=0.367m (B)
Step-5 Depth of footing by bending moment criterion
Bending moment at the critical section
My = 251.85 «2.25 x P25) y 2
= 566.66 x=
= 229.498KNM
= 229.498x10°Nmm. (5)
Moment of resistance at critical section:
1.48 and Ry =
9.76 for M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel Mutim = Ru x bd?
= 2.76 x 2260 x d? = 621007 ©
Equating (5) and (6), we get
229.498 x 108 = 6210
d=
}92.24 mm
=0.192m (©)
From equations (A) , (B) and (C), the highest value af d obtained is 0.396 m
Letus adopt d= 400 mm
Overall depth = 400 + 4 +50
= 458 say 460 mm (leking clear cover = 60 mm and 16 mm dia. Bars)
Step-6 Area of reinforcement - Footing reinforcement details
From ANNEX 'G’ of code IS 456:2000;
ash
My= 0.87fyAad (1-55-70)
229.498 x 10° = 0.87 x 415 x Ay, x A00(1-
Or, A? 43369.37 A, + 6891831832
[aaaesaT (an eee)
= 1652.03 mm?
ast ness
i 22250-2460
Minimum reinforcement required == 2550460
=1242 mm? < 1652.03 mm?
Using 16 bars, A,= 7x 16= 201 mm?
Spacing 659.08
Provide 16 mm ¢ bar @ 270 mm c/c in each direction.
'=273 mm Step-7 Check for development length
l= oatiye (To = 1.92 N/mm? for M20 concrete and Fe415
steel)
22878815918 76) 9 mm
4x92
Available length of bars = a= = 900 mm. Hence OK