Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 2- Compression member
2 Compression member
2.1 Scope
Design of a Hot Rolled Steel Hollow Section for a Compression member IS Code -
Clause Ref.
Compression member in the Building : Steel member in Roof Truss
2.2 Calculation of factored load
Design Load Axial Load , P = 106.1 kN Load data
from
2.3 Effective Length of section software
analysis
Length of member, L= 1.0 m
K = 1.0 Effective length, KL = 1.0 m IS 800 : 2007
2.4 Selection of suitable section
Gross area required, P/(fy/γmo) = 106.1x10^3/(310/1.1)
2
Ag , reqd. = 376.48 mm
Section Proposed SHS50x50x2.9
2.4.1 Section Propreties
Overall Depth of Section, h = 50 mm
Flange Width , bf = 50 mm
Flange Thickness, tf = 2.9 mm
Web Thickness , tw = 2.9 mm
Depth of Web, d = 44.2 mm
Weight of Section, w = 4.12 Kg/m
2
Area of Section , A = 525 mm
3
Section Modulus , Zzz = 7593.5 mm
3
Section Modulus , Zyy = 7593.5 mm
Radius of gyration, ryy = 19.0 mm
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 2- Compression member
2.4.2 Material Propreties
Steel Grade (YSt 310)
2
Yield stress, fy = 310 N/mm Table 3,
2
Ultimate tensile stress, fu = 450 N/mm IS 4923: 1997
2
Modulus of elasticity, E = 200000 N/mm Clause [Link]
IS 800 : 2007
2.5 Partial Safety factor for materials
Structural Steel
Resistance by yielding / buckling, γmo = 1.1 Table 5,
Resistance by ultimatestress, γm1 = 1.25 IS 800 : 2007
Bolts
Friction or bearing γmf or γmb = 1.25
Welds
Shop fabrication γmw = 1.25
Field fabrication γmw = 1.5
2.6 Design compression strength of member
IS 800: 2007,
Member strength under axial compression, Pd = Ae x fcd Cl 7.1.2
Effective slenderness ratio,KL/r = 1x1000/19.02 = 52.57 Cl [Link]
2 2
Euler buckling stress, fcc = E/(KL/r) =
2
fcc = 2E/(KL/r)2 = (3.14^2)x200000/(52.57)^2 = 713.45 N/mm Cl [Link]
Non-dimensional effective slenderness ratio, λ = (fy/fcc)0.5
λ = (fy/fcc)0.5 = (310/713.45)^0.5 = 0.66 Cl [Link]
For hot rolled cold formed hollow section, Table-10
Buckling class in any direction = a Imperfection factor, α = 0.21 Table-7
Φ = 0.5[1+α(l -0.2)+ λ2] = 0.5x[1+ 0.21x(0.66 - 0.2)+0.66^2] = 0.77 Cl [Link]
Stress reduction factor, χ = 1/[Φ + (Φ2 - λ2)0.5]
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 2- Compression member
2 2 0.5
χ = 1/[Φ + (Φ - λ ) ] = 1/[0.77+(0.77^2 - 0.66^2)^0.5] = 0.87 Cl [Link]
Design compressive stress, fcd = χ x fy/γmo < fy/γmo Cl [Link]
2
fcd = χ x fy/γmo = 0.87x310/1.1 = 244.08 N/mm
2
fy/γmo = 310/1.1 = 281.82 N/mm
2
Design compressive stress, fcd = 244.08 N/mm
Design compressive strength of a member, Pd = Ae x fcd Cl 7.1.2
Pd = Ae x fcd = 525x244.08/1000 = 128.07 KN
Hence, Pd > 106.1 KN ( design load)
The chosen section SHS50x50x2.9 is safe in compression load.
2.7 Fillet weld design
Assume, Size of weld, S = 3 mm
2
Ultimate stress of weld , fu = 410 N/mm
Strength of weld per unit length, Tw = 0.707*S*fu/(√3*γmw) Cl [Link].1
Tw = 0.707 x 3 x 410/(1.25 x √3) = 401.66 N/mm Cl 10.5.9
Weld length, Lw = 106.1 x 1000 /401.66 = 264.16 mm
2.8 Resistance of the bolts
Assume, Bolt diametre, db = 16 mm
2
Thread area of bolt, Ab = 84.3 mm
2
Ultimate stress of bolt , fu (Grade 4.6) = 400 N/mm
Shear capasity of bolt, Vdns = (nnAnb + nsAsb)*fu/(√3*γmb) Cl 10.3.3
Vdns = (nnAnb + nsAsb)*fu/(√3*γmb) = 15575 N
Number of bolts required = 6.81
Actual bolts required = 8 nos