Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
3 Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
3.1 Scope
Design of a Hot Rolled Hollow Section for a Simply Supported Beam fully
restrained laterally along its length.
3000 3000
Figure 3.1
The design aspect covered in this example are:
• Cross section classification
• Cross -sectional resistance
⁻ Shear buckling
⁻ Bending Moment
• Resistance of web to transverse forces
• Vertical deflection of beam at Servicibility
3.2 Design Force and Moments at Ultimate Limit State
Design Load Bending Moment, Md = 55 kN-m IS Code
Shear Force, Vd = 35 kN Cl. Ref.
Span of the beam L = 6m
3.3 Selection of suitable section
Plastic section modulus, Zp,reqd = Mu x γmo = 55 x 10^6 x 1.1
fy 310
3
Zp, reqd = 195161.29 mm
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
Section Proposed RHS 200x100x6 @ 26.5 Kg/m
Type of Section: Rectangular Hollow Section
3.3.1 Section Properties
Depth of section h= 200 mm
Width of section bf = 100 mm
Flange thickness tf = 6 mm
Web thickness tw = 6 mm
Weight of section w= 26.50 Kg/m
Area A= 3363.30 mm2
Moment of Inertia in z-z direction Izz = 17033082 mm4
Moment of Inertia in y-y direction Iyy = 5769142 mm4
Elastic Modulus in z-z direction Zzz = 170331.0 mm3
Elastic Modulus in y-y direction Zyy = 115383.0 mm3
Radious of gyration (z-z ) rzz = 71.2 mm
Radious of gyration (y-y ) ryy = 41.5 mm
Plastic Modulus in z-z direction Zpz = 213265.7 mm3
Plastic Modulus in y-y direction Zpy = 131502.0 mm3
3.3.2 Material Properties
Yield Strength of material fy = 310 N/mm2 Table 3
2
Ultimate Strength of material fu = 450 N/mm IS 4923: 1997
2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel E = 200000 N/mm Clause [Link]
2
Shear Modulus G = 76900 N/mm IS 800: 2007
Poisson's ratio of Steel µ = 0.3
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
3.4 Partial Safety factors for Resistance
Yield Strength γmo = 1.1 Table 5
Buckling Strength γm1 = 1.25 IS 800: 2007
Ultimate Strength γm1 = 1.25
Bolt Shop Fabrication γmf = 1.25
Field Fabrication γmf = 1.25
Weld Shop Weld γmw = 1.25
Field Weld γmw = 1.5
3.5 Cross Section Classification
b= 100-2x6 = 88 mm Fig. 2 &
d = 200- 2x 6= 188 mm Table 2
ε = 250/310= 0.899 IS 800: 2007
Internal elemet of a compression flange, compression due to bending
b/tf = 14.7 < 29.3ε Flange is Plastic
Web of a box section, neutral axis at mid depth
d/tw = 31.3 < 84ε Web is Plastic
The Section is Plastic Class 1
3.6 Cross Sectional Resistance
3.6.1 Resistance to bending
Design Bendning Strength, Md = Ze fy / γmo ≤ 1.2 Ze fy / γmo Cl [Link]
Min of 1.2 Ze fy/γm0 = 1.2 x 170331 x 310 / 1.1 = 57.7 kN-m IS 800: 2007
and βbZpfy/γmo = 1 x 213265.7 x 310 / 1.1 = 60.2 kN-m
For Plastic section βb = 1 1.00 Cl 8.4.1
Md = 57.7 kN-m IS 800: 2007
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
3.6.2 Effect of Shear force on Bending Moment
Design Shear Strength, Vd = Av x fyw / √3γmo Cl 8.4
Av is the shear area and is determined as follows for rolled RHS with the load IS 800: 2007
applied parallel to depth.
fyw = Yield strength of the web = 310 N/mm2
Av = Shear area of RHS of uniform thickness
= A x h /(b+h) = 3363.3 x 200 / (88+200) 2335.6 mm2
Vd = 2335.63x310 / 1.1 x (3)^0.5 = 380 kN
V/Vd = 35/380 = 0.1 > 0.6
Therefore no reduction in bending resistance due to shear is required Cl 9.2.2
Hence Design BM Capacity Mdv = Md = 57.7 kN-m
Ratio of External BM to Design BM capacity of Section chosen ,
Me / Mdv = 55 / 57.7 = 0.95 < 1
Hence bending resistance of RHS 200x100x6 is adequate.
3.6.3 Shear Resistance
Design Shear Strength, Vd = 380 kN >> 35 kN
Thefefore the shear resistance of the RHS is adequate
3.7 Check for Web buckling at support
Resistance of the web to transverse forces :
As the flange plates are welded to the RHS, the buckling resistance of the two
webs is determined as follows
Fqd = fcd x Ab x2
where :
Ab = (b1+n1) x tw Cl [Link]
b1 = Width of stiff bearing on the flange = bf / 2 =100 / 2 = 50 mm IS 800: 2007
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
d= Depth of web 200-2 x 6 = 188 mm
n1 = is the length obtained by dispersion at 45⁰ through half depth of the section
n1 = h /2 = 200 / 2 = 100 mm
4
Ieff,web = b1 x tw^3/12 = 50 x 6^3/ 12 = 900.0 mm
2
Aeff,web = b1 x tw = 50 x 6 = 300 mm
r= Ieff,web / Aeff,web = 900/300 = 1.73 mm
deff = Effective length of web = 0.7 x d = 131.6 mm
λ = deff/r = Effective slenderness Ratio of web = 131.6 / 2.31 = 76.0
λ = non-dimensional effective slenderness ratio = 0.96
Each web may be considered as a solid rectangular section.
Therefore Buckling Class = b Table 10
Imperfection factor, α = 0.34 Table 7
fy
Design Compressive Stress, mo
Cl [Link]
f cd 1
[ 2
2
] 2
Φ = 0.5[1+α (λ-0.2)+λ2] = 0.5[1+ 0.34( 0.96-0.2) + 0.96^2] = 1.09
310
fcd = 1.1 242.0 N/mm2
1
[1.09 1.092 0.962 ] 2
Ab = (50 + 100) x 6 = 900 mm2 IS 800: 2007
Buckling resistance of two webs,
Fqd = fcd x Ab x 2 = 242 x 900 x 2 / 1000 = 435.6 kN
> 35 kN
Hence webs are safe against buckling.
Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section
Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam
3.8 Check for Web bearing
Local capacity of two webs at connection to the flange, Cl 8.7.4
Fw = (b1+n2) tw x 2 x fyw / γmo IS 800: 2007
where : n2 = 2.5x (R+ tf) = 2.5 (3 x 6+6) = 60
Fw = (50+60) x 6 x 2 x 310 / 1.1 = 372.0 kN
> 35 kN
Hence the webs are safe against bearing.
3.9 Check for Deflection
Uniformly distributed live load on beam , w = 2.5 kN/m
Concentrated load at mid span of the beam, W = 5.76 kN
Therefore deflection will be maximum at the mid point of the simply supported beam.
Deflection at mid-span of the beam δactual = 5wL4 WL3
384EI 48EI
δactual = 1/ (200000x17033082) x [{5x2.5x(6x1000)^4}/384
+ {5.76x(6x1000)^3}/48 ]
= 12.4 mm
δallowable = Span (L) / 360 = 6x1000 /360 = 16.7 mm
Therefore δactual < δallowable
The chosen section RHS 200x100x6 is safe in deflection