Scribd
Upload
21 views3 pages

ANOVA Analysis for Diets and Cars

1. A dietitian tested three diet programs on 24 people divided into three groups. An ANOVA was conducted on the weight loss results. The partial ANOVA table provided values for treatment, error, sum of squares, and mean square, but was missing the values for degrees of freedom and the F value. 2. MIROS examined head pressure during crash tests of three car types (compact, midsize, full-size) with three cars of each type. They were asked to calculate test statistics and conduct an ANOVA to determine if head pressure means differed by car type. 3. A company tested three box designs on sales in five stores over a month. The incomplete ANOVA table was missing values for degrees of

Uploaded by

Nur Arisya Ainaa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views3 pages

ANOVA Analysis for Diets and Cars

1. A dietitian tested three diet programs on 24 people divided into three groups. An ANOVA was conducted on the weight loss results. The partial ANOVA table provided values for treatment, error, sum of squares, and mean square, but was missing the values for degrees of freedom and the F value. 2. MIROS examined head pressure during crash tests of three car types (compact, midsize, full-size) with three cars of each type. They were asked to calculate test statistics and conduct an ANOVA to determine if head pressure means differed by car type. 3. A company tested three box designs on sales in five stores over a month. The incomplete ANOVA table was missing values for degrees of

Uploaded by

Nur Arisya Ainaa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MTH3003

SESSION 2020/2021 SEM 2


TUTORIAL 9

1. A dietitian wanted to test three different diet programs to find out if the mean weight loss
for each of these diet programs is the same. She randomly selected 24 overweight persons,
divided them into three groups of equal size, and put each group on one of the three diet
programs. The partial ANOVA table for the data on weight loss is given below:

Degree of
Source Sum of Squares Mean Square F value
Freedom

Treatment A 30.083 E
Error B D F G
Total C 117.958

(a) Determine the values of A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.


(b) State the null and alternative hypotheses.
(c) Give the rejection region for the test in part (b) using 𝛼 = 0.05.
(d) Do the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate differences among the mean
weight loss by all persons on each of these three diet programs at a significance
level of 5%?

2. Suppose that the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) wants to examine the
safety of compact cars, midsize cars, and full-size cars. It collects a sample of three for each
of the car types, conduct a crash test, and measure the pressure applied to the driver’s head
during the crash test. Using the hypothetical data provided below on the pressure applied to
the driver’s head during the crash test for each type of car, answer the following questions:

Compact cars Midsize cars Full-size cars

643 469 484

655 427 456

702 525 402

(a) Calculate Total SS, SST and SSE.


(b) Calculate MST and MSE.

1
(c) What is the calculated value for the test statistic 𝐹?
(d) Construct ANOVA table for the data.
(e) By using ANOVA procedure, test whether the mean pressure applied to the
driver’s head during the crash test is equal for each types of car. Use a 0.05 level
of significance.

3. The marketing department of a company has designed three different boxes for its product.
It wants to determine which box will produce the largest amount of sales. Each box will be
test marketed in five different stores for a period of a month. Below is the incomplete
ANOVA table for this test.

Degree of
Source Sum of Squares Mean Square F value
Freedom

Treatment A 24667.20 12,333.60 G

Block B 711.07 E H

Error C D F

Total 14 27,400.41

(a) Find the missing values of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H.


(b) At 1% significance level, can you conclude that the average sales are differed by
boxes?

2
4. A study is conducted to compare the hardness of certain material produced at four different
temperature setting A, B, C and D. Because there might be variability from the different
machines used to produce the materials, the researcher decided to use randomized block
design, with the machine considered as block. The results of the reading on hardness scale of
material produced are as follows:

Temperature

Machine A B C D

1 9.3 9.4 9.2 9.7

2 9.4 9.3 9.4 9.6

3 9.6 9.8 9.5 10.0

4 10.0 9.9 9.7 10.2

(a) Construct ANOVA table for the data.


(b) Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that there is difference in
mean hardness at four different temperature setting at α = 0.01?

Common questions

Powered by AI

Blocking controls for variability in experimental data by isolating the effect of different machines, allowing comparisons of material hardness to focus solely on temperature effects and reducing unexplained variance .

In a randomized block design, the factors are the temperature settings (A, B, C, D) and the variability from different machines, with temperature being the primary factor and the machine acting as the blocking factor to control for variability .

The rejection region is determined by the F-distribution with degrees of freedom corresponding to the number of diet programs minus one and the total number of observations minus the number of diet programs. If the calculated F value exceeds the critical F value from the distribution table at α = 0.05, the null hypothesis is rejected .

The F value indicates whether there are significant differences in average sales across different product boxes; a larger F value than the critical value at a given significance level suggests significant differences in sales means .

To construct an ANOVA table, calculate the sum of squares for treatments and blocks, as well as the sum of squares for errors. Divide the treatment sum by its degrees of freedom to get the mean square for treatments (MST), and do likewise for blocks and errors to get mean squares. The F value is calculated by dividing MST by the mean square for error. Each value fills the respective rows and columns in the ANOVA table .

ANOVA can suggest whether there is any statistically significant difference in sales among the box designs, but it does not specify which design is preferred. Additional post-hoc tests are needed to determine which specific designs outperform others .

To calculate the Sum of Squares for Treatment (SST), sum the squared differences between each group's mean and the overall mean, weighted by the number of observations in each group .

The calculated F statistic tests the null hypothesis that the mean pressure applied to the driver's head during crash tests is equal across different car types. If the F statistic is significantly high, it suggests that differences in mean pressure exist depending on the car type .

The null hypothesis is that the mean weight loss for each of the three diet programs is the same, while the alternative hypothesis is that at least one diet program has a different mean weight loss .

ANOVA is suitable for comparing means across more than two groups, allowing the institute to determine if there are significant differences in crash safety across compact, midsize, and full-size cars based on pressure data .

You might also like