Short Answer type 7.
Luminous Intensity (I)
Candela
(Cd)
[Link] can we say that sugar is solid and
water is liquid?
Ans: Sugar has close packing of [Link] is the difference between mass
constituent particles, have its own volume & weight? How is mass measured in
and shape therefore, it can be said to be laboratory?
solid whereas in water the constituent
particles are not as closely packed as in Ans: Mass of a substance is the amount of
solid. It has definite volume but not matter present in it while weight is the
definite shape. Therefore it is a liquid. force exerted by gravity on an object the
mass of a substance is determined with the
[Link] is matter classified at help of an analytical balance in laboratory.
macroscopic level?
[Link] is volume measured in
Ans: Macroscopic classification of matter laboratory? Convent 0.5L into ml and
– 30cm3 to dm3
Ans: In the laboratory volume of a liquid
can be measured by using graduated
cylinder, burette, pipette etc.
1L = 1000 ml
[Link] following substances as 1000cm3 = 1dm3
element, compounds and mixtures –
water, 0.5L = 500 ml
tea, silver, steel, carbondioxide and
platinum
Ans: 30cm3 =
Compounds ElementsMixtures
Water Silver Tea = 0.03dm3
CarbondioxidePlatinum Steel
[Link] 350C to oF & K.
[Link] seven fundamental quantities
& their units.
[Link]
Ans:
Physical Quantity SI unit
1. Length (l) Metre (m)
Kilogram
2. Mass (m)
(kg)
3. Time (t) Second (s)
4. Electric Current (I) Ampere (A)
5. Thermodynamic
Kelvin (K)
Temperature (T)
6. Amount of substance (n) Mole (mol)
K hydrogen (2g) bear a simple ratio i.e.,
16:32 = 1:2.
[Link] Postulates of Dalton’s atomic
theory.
Ans. Postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory:
[Link] does the following prefixes stand 1. Matter consists of indivisible atoms.
for –
2. All the atoms of a given element have
(a) pico identical properties including atomic mass.
Atoms of different element differ in mass.
(b) nano
3. Compounds are formed when atoms of
(c) centi different elements combine in a fixed ratio.
(d) deci 4. Chemical reaction involves
reorganization of atoms. These are neither
Ans: Pico = 10-12 created nor destroyed
nano = 10-9
[Link] molecular mass of –
centi = 10-2
C2H6, C12H22O11, H2SO4, H3PO4
deci = 10-1
Ans:
[Link] law of multiple proportions
with an example.
Ans: The law of multiple proportions rays
that if two elements can combine to form
more than one compound, the masses of
one element that combine with a fixed
mass of other element are in a ratio of 12. Give one example each of a molecule
small whole numbers. e.g. hydrogen and in which empirical formula
oxygen can combine to form water as well
as hydrogen peroxide. and molecular formula are (i) same (ii)
Different.
Ans:(i) Same molecular formula and
empirical formula. Carbon dioxide, both is
CO2.
(ii) When molecular formula and empirical
formula are different –
Here, the masses of oxygen (16g & 32g)
which combine with a fixed mass of
Hydrogen peroxide: molecular formula is 2.24L of oxygen is produced from
H2O2 and empirical formula is HO
=
[Link] the number of moles in the
= 8.17g of KClO3
following masses –
(i) 7.85g of Fe
[Link] an expression for molarity and
molality of a solution.
(ii) 7.9mg of Ca
Ans:
Ans. (i) 7.85g of Fe
56g of Fe contains atoms =
1mole
56g of Fe = 1mole
[Link] the weight of lime (CaO)
7.85g of Fe = = 0.14moles obtained by heating 2000kg of 95%
pure lime stone (CaCO3)
(ii)40g of Ca = mg of Ca
Ans:100kg impure sample has pure
40g of Ca = 1mole CaCO3 = 95
= 95kg
Or mg of Ca = 1mole
200kg impure sample has pure
7.9mg of Ca =
CaCO3 =
= 190kg
CaCO3 à CaO + CO2
[Link] much potassium chlorate should
be heated to produce 2.24L of oxygen at Since 100kg CaCO3 gives CaO = 56kg
NTP?
Ans: 2KClO3 à 2KCl + 3O2
190kg CaCO3 will give CaO =
2moles 3moles
= 106.4kg
2(39 + 35.5 + 3 16) 22.4 3L
= 245g = 67.2L 17. 4 litres of water are added to 2L of 6
molar HCl [Link] is the
67.2L of oxygen is produced from 245g of molarity of resulting solution?
KClO3
Ans. Initial volume, V1 = 2L
Final volume, V2 = 4L + 2L = 6L Long Answer Type
Initial molarity, M1 = 6M [Link] many significant figures are
present in
Final molarity = M2
(a) 4.01 102
M1V1 = M2V2
(b) 8.256
(c) 100
Ans:(a) 4.01 102 – Three
Thus the resulting solution is 2M HCl. (b) 8.256 – Four
(c) 100 – One
[Link] volume of 10M HCl and 3M
HCl should be mixed to obtain 1L of 6M [Link] C is essential for the
HCl solution? prevention of scurvy. Combustion of
0.2000g of vitamin C gives 0.2998g of
Ans: Let the required volume of 10M HCl CO2 and 0.819g of H2O. What is the
be V liters. empirical formula of vitamin C?
Then, the required volume of 3M HCl be Ans: Percentage of carbon
(1 – V) Liters.
=
M1V1 + M2V2 = M3V3
Percentage of
Hydrogen
Percentage of
oxygen
Relative no. Simplest
Elemen Atomi
%
t c Mass
of atoms Ratio
Then the volume of 10M HCl required =
47.6
428mL C 12
9
& volume of 3M HCl required = 1000mL H 4.55 1
– 428mL = 572mL
47.7
O 16
6
Empirical formula = C1.33 H1.5 O,
= C8H9O6