SAMIN UROOJ

EP1830034
LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE
MANAGEMENT
ASSIGNMENT 02
TH
BSPA 4 YEAR
UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI
Question 01:

What is the difference between a leader and a manager?

LEADER MANAGER
A leader is the one who inspires, encourages, A manager is a representative of the particular
and influences his men, to work willingly, in organization responsible for the management
the attainment of the specific objectives. of the work of a group of employees and takes
requisite actions whenever required.
A leader provides direction to its followers by A manager formulates the structure of the
creating vision and encouraging them to reach organization and delegates authorities and
effortlessly. responsibilities to the employees.
A leader strives for effectiveness. A manager strives for efficiency.
A leader promotes change. A manager reacts to change.
Leadership exists in both formal and informal It exists in only formal style.
style.
Leaders think long term and set vision for an Managers think short term and set goals for
organization. the organization.
Leaders are always willing to take risks least Managers don’t want to get out of their
bothered about the outcomes. comfort zone.
Leaders are charismatic in nature. Managers are authoritative in nature.

Question 02:

Do you want to become a more effective leader or manager?

“A great leader inspires people to have confidence in themselves.” Therefore becoming an
effective leader would be my choice rather than becoming a manager with a lot of formal
responsibilities. In my opinion leadership is important because it inspires others to do great
things. In order to improve overall effectiveness, professionals in leadership roles should take
the time to hone their relevant skills and adjust their style to suit the needs of their teams.
Some of the qualities of an effective leader are as follows:

a) Lead by example
b) Welcome failure
c) Put your people first
d) Be decisive
 e) Know when to delegate (and when to jump in)
f) Honest and clear communication
g) Create lasting solutions
h) Consistent recognition of others’ achievements
i) Be accessible and available
j) Practice positive attitude

Question 03:

Do you think so manager can play better role in the organization as

compare to leader? Explain in detail.

Yes, I believe that a manager can play more effective role than leaders because a manager
knows how to tackle organization’s issues and tasks on daily basis. A great leader, on the other
hand, may be influential and have fantastic new ideas, but may not be so adept at managing
the many ongoing details involved with getting a project done. Leadership is more about
inspiring, motivating, and innovating.

A manager only becomes one when he knows how to deal with his subordinates and get their
duties performed on time which are ultimately very essential for the growth of the
organization. Great managers may not have large spheres of influence, but they can be
masterful at running projects and getting things done. They know how to plan, organize, and
coordinate. When a company has a complex project to undertake, a smart manager knows how
to execute. Hence, in my eyes managers can play a better role in running an organization
successfully.

Question 04:

Is organization dependent on organization behavior? Explain with 5

reasons at least.
Organizational behavior gives organization an insight on how its employees behave and
perform in that workplace. Considering the fact that an organization won’t be able to do
without its workforce; also any change in their behavior would directly or indirectly affect
organization’s progress. Hence, organization greatly depends on the behavior of its workforce.
Further reasons are listed below:

 Training and development: Only through organizations behavior an organization would

get to know if its employees are in need of training and what particular areas require
training for the purpose of development.
  Improve organization performance: Organizational behavior can be used to improve
the management practices for influencing the employees effectively and working with
them. It helps improve the organizational performance in line with the individual
performance which includes reward systems, leadership, motivation etc.
 Develop commitment: It helps develop commitment among the employees to achieve
their personal goals thereby achieving the goals of the company.

 Expansion of management: It helps to expand the horizon of management.

 Helps in prediction: It helps to understand, predict and control the behavior in the
organization.

Question 05:

Explain the benefits of organizational change with respect to any

particular organization.

Innovation in businesses has become one of the most critical success factors for any business in
today’s ever-changing world. The business world is changing at a fast pace: technology keeps
evolving, customer trends are changing, new market regulations are being launched on a
regular basis, and businesses have to cope with extraordinary global crises. Companies that
can't adapt and grab growth opportunities are most likely to be surpassed by its competitors
and even disappear. That's why preparing for change should be among organization’s top
priorities. 
This is one of the change management examples which show how Coca-Cola manages to
stay ahead of the curve. To respond to greater health consciousness, Coca-Cola released
Enviga, Diet Coke and Coca-Cola Zero to appeal to this target market. Then during the
Asian financial crisis, the organization pursued an acquisition strategy to better deal
with consumer preferences.
By reacting quickly and acting proactively in anticipation of changing trends, it’s clear
how change management is a vital component in Coca-Cola’s overall strategic vision.
Perhaps no organization has been through change management challenges quite like the
Coca-Cola Company. One more example is from the 1980s when bitter rivals Pepsi
started to aggressively target Coca-Cola.
In response, the latter released New Coke - a sweeter version of its classic drink. New
Coke wasn’t a success and didn’t appeal to the public. Coca-Cola wasted no time in
replacing it with the older formula. Here, the brand was able to respond quickly to
consumer preferences so that the product’s appeal was maintained. It even stretches as
far back as World War II. By offering free drinks to soldiers, Coca-Cola quickly marketed
itself as a symbol of the US war effort. At the same time, it boosted brand recognition in
destination countries that allied forces were occupying. During this process, Coca-Cola
cemented its presence through 64 extra manufacturing sites across the world. 
This accelerated the company’s post-war global expansion strategy.

Question 06:

Explain the types of organizational change with a short example. Select

any 5 from the given slides.

There are multiple types of organizational change such as:

1. Technology: Technological change is a process of invention, commercialization and

improvement of technology. For example, accounting software that freed accounting
departments from cumbersome paper-based processes. Or Upgrading software or
equipment from one version to another, without seeing significant changes in
functionality.
2. Culture: Culture refers to the pervasive beliefs, values and attitudes that characterize a
firm and guide its practices. Any change in these areas can have a profound impact on
every aspect of the organization. For example, a firm that was once amongst the largest
global firm in terms of revenue almost failed in the 1980s due to corporate narcissism
whereby there was a culture of underestimating and disrespecting the customer. The
firm survives and learns from the experience. For example, executives often repeat the
story of how the firm was almost destroyed and warns employees of the dangers of
overconfidence and arrogance. With decades of perseverance, corporate narcissism is
replaced by a culture with a healthy fear of the competition and respect of customers.

3. Personnel: Personnel mean staff or human resources i.e. the employees or the
workforce of the organization. It includes hiring, firing, training, roles, responsibilities
and other changes related to the workforce. For example, hiring a new employee to fill
a position that’s opened due to the departure of someone else.
4. Processes: This term refers to a collection of linked tasks which find their end in the
delivery of a product or service to a consumer. Processes and tasks are commonly
altered during organizational change. For example, Converting an existing brick-and-
mortar business into an e-commerce or Omni-channel business
5. Product: This is all about changes to products, and everything related to encouraging
customers to buy them. For example, retiring an existing product to divert funds and
resources to the development of a new product and then applying different marketing
tactics to encourage consumers to think about that product.