Nonprofit Revenue Recognition Guide
Nonprofit Revenue Recognition Guide
Problem I
(1) a Recognized in period received.
(2) b Recognized in period received. Restriction is released when expenses are incurred.
(3) a Recognized in period made.
(4) a Recorded at present value at time promise to give is received.
(5) c Endowment principal cannot be spent. Earnings are unrestricted.
(6) b Recognized in period received. Restriction released either (1) when asset is placed in service or (2)
over its useful life.
(7) f Recognized when conditions are met.
(8) a Recorded at fair value when received.
(9) a Donated services of a skilled nature that would otherwise be purchased.
(10) f Not skilled services. May be foot noted.
(11) b Recognized in period received. Restriction is released when time restriction is satisfied.
(12) b Recognized in period received. Restriction is released when expenses are incurred.
(13) d Recognized revenue as expenses are incurred for research project.
(14) b Recognized in period received. Restriction is released either (1) when asset is placed in service or (2)
over useful life of asset.
(15) a, b, or f (If collection is displayed to the public or otherwise held for exhibit, the university is not required
to recognize contributions as revenue.)
Problem II
(a) Cash.............................................................................................................. 200,000
Revenues—Temporarily Restricted Contributions............................... 200,000
Note to Instructor: The following entry would be made in the endowment fund:
(d) Building........................................................................................25,000,000
Construction in Progress......................................................................... 7,000,000
Cash.........................................................................................................
16,000,000
Retained Percentage—Liability to Contractor........................................ 2,000,000
Reclassifications Out—Temporarily Restricted—Satisfaction of
Plant Restrictions..................................................................................... 5,000,000
Reclassifications In—Unrestricted—Satisfaction of Plant
Restrictions................................................................................. 5,000,000
*Note to Instructor: The reclassification amount would total P25,000 if USLS’s policy is to release the restrictions
over the life of the assets rather than when placed into operation.
Problem IV
(1) (a) Cash................................................................................................................ 90,000
Revenues—Temporarily Restricted Contributions................................. 45,000
Revenues—Permanently Restricted Contributions................................. 45,000
Endowment Investments................................................................................ 45,000
Cash......................................................................................................... 45,000
Problem V
(1) Patient service revenues include charges to patients for routine services, nursing services, and professional
services.
Other operating revenues include revenues from services other than health care provided to patients as well as
from sales and services to persons other than patients.
Nonoperating revenues are primarily from gifts, grants, and investment income and gains that are peripheral or
incidental to the major operation of the hospital.
(2) a. OO d. PS g. OO j. PS
b. N e. N h. PS k. N
c. PS f. N i. OO
Problem VI
(1) Accounts Receivable............................................................................................. 1,010,000
Patient Service Revenues............................................................................... 1,010,000
To record billings.
Problem VII
(1) Accounts Receivable............................................................................................. 8,500,000
Revenues......................................................................................................... 8,500,000
Contractual Adjustments....................................................................................... 3,700,000
Allowance for Contractual Adjustments........................................................ 3,700,000
Cash....................................................................................................................... 4,460,000
Contractual Adjustments....................................................................................... 340,000
Allowance for Contractual Adjustments............................................................... 3,700,000
Accounts Receivable...................................................................................... 8,500,000
Cash....................................................................................................................... 250,000
Contractual Adjustments................................................................................ 250,000
Contractual Adjustments....................................................................................... 90,000
Cash................................................................................................................ 90,000
(2) Net patient service revenues = P4,620,000 (P8,500,000 – P3,700,000 – P340,000 + P250,000 – P90,000)
(3) Net cash flow from transactions with Medicare = P4,620,000 (P4,460,000 + P250,000 – P90,000)
(4) Assuming the P90,000 payment back to Medicare was in settlement, the revenue account will be closed along
with the contra-revenue account “Contractual Adjustments.” The net amount will appear on the financial
statements.
Problem VIII
Pure Air Rehabilitation Hospital
Statement of Activities
For Period Ended December 31, 20x9
Temporarily Permanently
Unrestricted Restricted Restricted Total
Patient service revenues (net of $26,000
contractual adjustments)................................................ P 714,000 P
714,000
Other operating revenues:
Seminar income.............................................................. P 23,000 P
23,000
Child day care income.................................................... 15,000 15,000
Parking fees.................................................................... 4,500
4,500
Total other operating revenue................................... P 42,500 P
42,500
Total operating revenues..................................................... P 756,500 P
756,500
Operating expenses:
Nursing services............................................................. P 230,000 P
230,000
Professional fees............................................................ 340,000 340,000
General and administrative............................................ 150,000 150,000
Depreciation expense..................................................... 90,000 90,000
Interest expense.............................................................. 13,000 13,000
Repairs and maintenance............................................... 110,000 110,000
Provision for uncollectibles........................................... 14,000
14,000
Total operating expenses.......................................... P 947,000 P
947,000
Loss from operations........................................................... P(190,500) P
(190,500)
Nonoperating revenue:
Interest income............................................................... P 3,000 P
3,000
Contributions.................................................................. P 18,000 18,000
Endowment income........................................................ 120,000 120,000
Gains on sale of endowments......................................... 56,000 P 0
56,000
Total nonoperating revenue...................................... P 3,000 P194,000 P 0 P
197,000
Change in net assets............................................................. P(187,500) P194,000 P 0 P
6,500
Net assets, January 1, 20X9................................................. 800,000 755,000 750,000
2,305,000
Net assets, December 31, 20X9........................................... P 612,500 P949,000 P750,000
P2,311,500
Problem IX
(1) Adventist Hospital
Statement of Activities
For Year Ended June 30, 20x8
Temporarily Permanently
Unrestricted Restricted Restricted
Total
1. c 21.
a 41. d 61. a 81. c 101. c 121. c 141. a 161. c
2. * 22.
a 42. c 62. c 82. b 102. b 122. a 142. a 162. c
3. * 23.
c 43. d 63. d 83. a 103. c 123. b 143. b 163. a
4. d 24.
* 44. b 64. a 84. d 104. b 124. a 144. d 164. c
*
5. d 25. a 45. a 65. b 85. *** 105. c 125. c 145. a 165. b
6. c 26. b 46. b 66. d 86. d 106. a 126. a 146. b 166. c
7. d 27. d 47. c 67. c 87. d 107. a 127. b 147. c 167. b
8. d 28. c 48. b 68. c 88. d 108. a 128. d 148. d 168. a
9. a 29. d 49. d 69. b 89. c 109. d 129. b 149. B 169. d
10. a 30. b 50. a 70. c 90. b 110. b 130. a 150. c 170. a
11. b 31. b 51. d 71. c 91. d 111. a 131. d 151. c 171. c
12. b 32. c 52. a 72. d 92. a**** 112. b 132. a 152. c 172. d
13. a 33. d 53. c 73. c 93. a***** 113. d 133. c 153. b 173. b
14. a 34. c 54. a 74. c 94. b 114. b 134. b 154. d 174. b
15 c 35 a 55 b 75 b 95 c 115. a 135. b 155. d 175. c
16. a 36. c 56. b 76. a 96. a 116. c 136. d 156. c 176. b
17. d 37. a 57. b 77. d 97. c 117. Ignore 137. a 157. a 177. d
18. b 38. b 58. c 78. c 98. d 118. d 138. b 158. c 178. a
19. a 39. a 59. a 79. Ignore 99. d 119. b 139. d 159. c 179. d
20. b 40. d 60. d 80. a 100. b 120. c 140. b 160. c 180. c
**No answer available
Expenses:
Research............................................................................. P 840,000 P
840,000
Instruction.......................................................................... 1,230,000
................................................................................. 1,230,000
Academic support.............................................................. 250,000
....................................................................250,000
Student services................................................................. 200,000
....................................................................200,000
Institutional support........................................................... 225,000
225,000
Operation and maintenance of plant.................................. 400,000
....................................................................400,000
Student aid......................................................................... 350,000
....................................................................350,000
Auxiliary enterprises.......................................................... 475,000
....................................................................475,000
(4) Total expenses.............................................................. P3,970,000
P 0 P............................................................................0 P3,970,000
(5) Increase (decrease) in net assets................................... P (280,000) P(135,000)
P 500,000.......................................................................P 85,000
Net assets, January 1, 20x8..................................................... 675,000 975,000
2,500,000...................................................................... 4,150,000
(6) Net assets, December 31, 20x8........................................ P 395,000 P 840,000 P3,000,000
P4,235,000
11. b (The financial aid is shown as a direct reduction to the tuition revenue so that revenues and support should
total only P780,000.)
13. a -
Gross tuition fee P 2,300,000
Less: Tuition refund Tuition refunds (money returned to
students because they did not take classes) 50,000
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 2,250,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s P 10,000
families
University-sponsored scholarships, fellowships, tuition and
fee remissions, or waivers depends on whether the recipient
provides any services to the university that DOES NOT
require any EMPLOYMENT-type of work to be given to
the university (no services on the part of the student)
140,000 150,000
Net TF Revenue P 2,100,000
14. a -
Net TF Revenue (No. 13) P 2,100,000
Less: Expenses - tuition waivers given as a result of employment by
the university – such as those given to graduate assistants)
_________0
Increase in Unrestricted Net Assets P 2,100,000
15. c -
Gross tuition fee P 2,300,000
Less: Tuition refund Tuition refunds (money returned to
students because they did not take classes) ____50,000
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 2,250,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s
families ____10,000
Net TF Revenue P 2,240,000
17. d –
Gross tuition fee P 4,000,000
Less: Tuition refund Tuition refunds (money returned to
students because they did not take classes) _________0
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 4,000,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s P 0
Families
University-sponsored that DOES NOT require any
EMPLOYMENT-type of work to be given to the
university (no services on the part of the student) 150,000 150,000
Net TF Revenue P 3,850,000
*it is presumed that the tuition remissions awarded to graduate teaching assistant of P300,000 is presumed to
be “an employment-type of work”, therefore it should be considered as expenses (refer to No. 18).
18. b -
Net TF Revenue (No. 17) P 3,850,000
Less: Expenses - tuition remissions/waivers given as a result of
employment by the university – such as those given to
graduate assistants) ___300,000
Increase in Unrestricted Net Assets P 3,550,000
22. a -
Net TF Revenue (No. 21) P 1,500,000
Less: Expenses - tuition waivers given as a result of employment by
the university – such as those given to graduate assistants)
_________0
Increase in Unrestricted Net Assets P 1,500,000
23. c –
Gross tuition fee P ?
Less: Tuition refund Tuition refunds (money returned to
students because they did not take classes) _________?
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 1,700,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s
families P 50,000
University-sponsored scholarship and fellowship, that DOES
NOT require any EMPLOYMENT-type of work to be
given to the university (no services on the part of the
student) ________0 ___ 50,000
Net TF Revenue P 1,650,000
25. a – P4,000,000
Gross tuition fee P ?
Less: Tuition refund Tuition refunds (money returned to
students because they did not take classes) _________?
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 4,000,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s
families P 80,000
University-sponsored scholarships, fellowships, tuition and
fee remissions, or waivers depends on whether the recipient
provides any services to the university that DOES NOT
require any EMPLOYMENT-type of work to be given to
the university (no services rendered)
______0 ____80,000
Net TF Revenue P 3,920,000
26. b – P3,920,000
Gross Tuition Fee (net of refunds) P 4,000,000
Less: Tuition remissions granted to faculty member’s
families P 80,000
University-sponsored scholarships, fellowships, tuition and
fee remissions, or waivers depends on whether the recipient
provides any services to the university that DOES NOT
require any EMPLOYMENT-type of work to be given to
the university (no services rendered)
______0 ____80,000
Net TF Revenue P 3,920,000
Less: Expenses - scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers given as
a result of employment by the university – such as those
given to graduate assistants)/with services rendered
___220,000
Increase in Unrestricted Net Assets P 3,700,000
Items 83 to 90:
Statement of Activities
For Year Ended December 31, 20X8
Temporarily Permanently
Unrestricted Restricted Restricted Total
Patient service revenues (net of P1,543,500 contractual
adjustments and charity care).............................................. P 9,505,700
...................................................................................... P 9,505,700
Other operating revenues:
Research grant..................................................................... P 361,000
...................................................................................... P 361,000
Contributions....................................................................... P 225,000
.........................................................................225,000
Donated services.................................................................. 145,000
...................................................................................... 145,000
Cafeteria meal sales............................................................. 108,000
...................................................................................... 108,000
Parking lot fees.................................................................... 31,000
...................................................................................... 31,000
Vending machine sale.......................................................... 68,000
...................................................................................... 68,000
(83) Total other operating revenue.......................................... P 713,000
P 225,000..........................................................................P 0 P 938,000
(84) Net assets released from restrictions:
Satisfaction of plant acquisition restrictions........................ 220,000
(220,000).......................................................................... 0
Satisfaction of program restrictions..................................... 125,000
(125,000).......................................................................... 0
***(85) Total operating revenue and other support................ P10,563,700
P (120,000)........................................................................P 0 P10,443,700
Operating expenses:
Nursing services.................................................................. P 6,589,100
...................................................................................... P 6,589,100
Dietary services................................................................... 1,511,200
...................................................................................... 1,511,200
Maintenance services........................................................... 838,300
...................................................................................... 838,300
Administrative services....................................................... 112,500
...................................................................................... 112,500
Interest expense................................................................... 142,200
...................................................................................... 142,200
Depreciation and amortization............................................ 478,200
...................................................................................... 478,200
Provision for uncollectibles................................................. 341,600
...................................................................................... 341,600
(86) Total operating expenses................................................. P 10,013,100
P 0 P..................................................................................0 P10,013,100
(87) Income (loss) from operations......................................... P 550,600
P (120,000)........................................................................P 0 P 430,600
Nonoperating revenues:
Interest income....................................................................
Contributions....................................................................... P 100,200
P 540,000..........................................................................P 150,000 P 790,200
Investment income............................................................... 207,000
...................................................................................... 207,000
Endowment income............................................................. 12,000
25,000............................................................................... 37,000
Loss on sale of endowment investments............................. (5,300)
...................................................................................... (5,300)
(88) Total nonoperating revenues............................................ P 313,900
P 565,000..........................................................................P 150,000 P 1,028,900
(89) Change [Increase/(Decrease)] in Net Assets P864,500 P 445,000
P 150,000..........................................................................P 1,459,500
Net assets, January 1, 20X8.................................................... 625,000
825,000............................................................................. 2,350,000 3,800,000
(90) Net assets, December 31, 20X8....................................... P 1,489,500 P1,270,000 P2,500,000
P 5,259,500
93. *****a – note the term “would have earned” (P9,000,000 – P1,500,000)*
Gross Patient Service Revenue *P 7,500,000
Less: Third-party payers ___750,000
Net Patient Service Revenue P 6,750,000
Theories
Completion Statements
1. unconditional
2. nonreciprocal
3. unconditional
4. when received
5. conditional
6. fair value
7. market quotations, appraisals, present-value calculations
8. nonfinancial assets, specialized skills
9. fair value, asset or asset enhancement
10. collection items
11. selectively
12. unrestricted, temporarily restricted, permanently restricted
13. endowments
14. temporarily restricted
15. temporarily restricted
16. temporarily restricted, unrestricted, donor-imposed stipulations, accounting policy, explicit donor
instructions
17. expire
18. whole
19. donor-imposed restrictions, donor-imposed restrictions
20. total assets, total liabilities, total net assets (equity)
21. unrestricted, temporarily restricted, permanently restricted
22. board-designated, unrestricted
23. category
24. unrestricted
25. separately
26. natural, matrix
27. gross
28. columnar, layered
29. change
30. direct, indirect
31. permits
Tuition refunds reduce gross tuition fees, while tuition remissions granted to faculty members' families and others without requiring employment reduce net tuition revenue. Employment-related remissions, such as those given to graduate assistants, are considered expenses, affecting the net assets by decreasing the unrestricted net assets, thereby impacting financial statements notably when calculating the university's net increase or decrease in unrestricted assets .
Reclassifications enable the movement of capital from temporarily restricted to unrestricted funds once a program's restrictions are satisfied. This plays a critical role in financial statements by reflecting changes in the usability of funds, showing a release of resources that can be applied flexibly by the institution, ensuring that financial documents reflect legal and donor mandate compliance .
Classifying funds as temporarily restricted, even for short-term use, allows universities to adhere more closely to donor restrictions and legal requirements, ensuring compliance and preserving relationship trust. This classification can also assist in financial planning by clearly identifying which funds are available for unrestricted use and which must be applied to specific donor-intended expenses .
Journal entries for construction in progress reflect capital investments in the university's infrastructure while plant operation expenses such as interest and depreciation are recorded as operating expenses. These entries affect the financial position by increasing fixed assets and liabilities and impact the activity statement by reducing unrestricted resources when expenses are realized, showing the ongoing use of resources for maintaining and expanding operational capabilities .
Donated services are recognized when the services create or enhance a non-financial asset or require specialized skills that would typically need purchase if not provided by donation. This typically involves services provided by professionals like accountants or electricians. Non-skilled services may not be recognized as revenue but can be disclosed in footnotes, affecting transparency and perceived support within financial statements .
Permanently restricted contributions are those where the donor-imposed restriction does not expire, requiring the contribution to be maintained permanently. In contrast, temporarily restricted contributions have restrictions that are met either by the passage of time or by the expenditure of funds for a specific purpose. This affects how universities can use the funds and how they are reported in financial statements .
Endowment principal cannot be spent, but the earnings from the endowment are classified as unrestricted, meaning they can be used at the university's discretion. This classification allows universities to use earnings to support various programs without restriction, impacting the financial statements by increasing flexibility in fund allocation .
Accounting for student aid as a direct reduction in tuition revenue on a university's statement of activities results in lower reported tuition revenue while more accurately reflecting the net revenue the institution collects from students. This method provides a more accurate representation of the financial aid's effect on the financial health of the university, revealing the actual dependency on external funding sources like donations and grants .
Releasing asset acquisition restrictions over the life of the asset can provide a more consistent reflection of income and expense over time, aligning the use of funds with the asset's depreciation and utility. This approach can smooth financial results, avoiding large fluctuations in net asset balances that occur when restrictions are satisfied immediately upon the asset's placement into service .
Revenues from temporarily restricted contributions are recognized when the funds are received. These restrictions are typically released either when the specified time has elapsed or when the specified purpose has been fulfilled, such as when an asset is placed in service or over its useful life .