S8.
6 Volume
Things to Learn (Key words, Notation & Formulae) Complete from your notes
Radius-
Diameter-
Surface Area-
Volume-
Capacity-
Prism-
Cross-section-
Surface area of a prism-
Surface area of a cylinder-
Volume of a prism-
Section 1. Surface area of cuboids:
Q1. Work out the surface area of each cuboid shown below:
Q2. What is the surface area of a cuboid with the dimensions 4cm, 5cm
and 6cm?
Section 2. Volume of cuboids:
Q1. Calculate the volume of these cuboids:
S8.6 Volume
Q2.
Section 3. Definition of prisms:
Label all the shapes and tick the ones that are prisms.
Section 4. Surface area of prisms:
Q1. Find the surface area of this triangular prism.
Q2. Calculate the surface area of this cylinder.
S8.6 Volume
Q3. Cans are in cylindrical shapes. Each can has a diameter of 5.3 cm and a
height of 11.4 cm. How much paper is required to make the label for the
20 cans?
Section 5. Volume of a prism:
Q1. Find the volume of this L-shaped prism.
Q2. Calculate the volume of this prism. Give your answer to 2sf
Section 6 . Volume of a cylinder:
Q1. Calculate the volume of this cylinder.
S8.6 Volume
Q2. The diagram shows a piece of wood. The piece of wood is a prism of length 350cm. The
cross-section of the prism is a semi-circle with diameter 1.2cm. Calculate the volume
of the piece of wood. Give your answer to 3sf.
Section 7. Problems involving volume and capacity:
Q1. Sam buys a planter shown below. The planter is 2.5m wide, 3m long and
1.5m deep. How much soil does Sam need to fill the planter 75cm deep?
Q2. The cuboid shown below has a volume of 60 cm3. The base is 6.2 cm long
and 3.7 cm wide.
Not to scale
3.7 cm
6.2 cm
Calculate the height of the cuboid.
S8.6 Volume
Q3. The triangular base of a prism is a right triangle with sides ‘a’ and ‘b= 2a’.
The height ‘h’ of the prism is 10mm and its volume is equal to 40𝑚𝑚3 .
Find the length of the sides ‘a’ and ‘b’.
Section 8. Converting units:
Q1. Consider a cuboid that is 1cm by 1cm by 1cm. It has a volume of 1cm3.
What is the volume in mm3?
Q2. Convert a volume of 382,000 cm3 to m3 .
Q3. A swimming pool measures 3m deep and has a base with area 375m2.
a) Find the volume of the pool in cm3.
b) How many litres of water can the pool hold?
S8.6 Volume
Answers
Section 1. Surface area of cuboids:
Q1. Surface area = 2 x Area of the front faces + Perimeter of the front face x
length
Surface area of 1st cuboid= 2( 10 x 6) + 2(10 x 3) + 2(6 x 3) ( Each individual
face is a rectangle)
= 120 + 60 + 36
= 216𝑐𝑚2
Or Using 2A + PL = 2 (3 x 6) + 10 (3+3+6+6)
= 216𝑐𝑚2
Surface area of 2nd cuboid= 2( 5 x 11) + 2 ( 2 x 5) + 2 ( 11 x 2)
= 110 + 20 + 44
= 174𝒄𝒎𝟐
Q2. Opposite faces of a cuboid have same area, so we will double each area of
the rectangular face and then add them up to get the total surface area.
Therefore, Surface area = 2 ( 4 x 5) + 2( 5 x 6) + 2 ( 6 x 4)
= 40 + 60 + 48
= 148𝑐𝑚2
Or Surface area = 2A + PL
= 2 x (4x 5) + 6 x (4+4+5+5)
= 40 + 108
= 148𝑐𝑚2
Section 2. Volume of cuboids:
Q1. Volume of a cuboid = Length x Width x height
Volume of 1st cuboid = 2 x 6 x 4 = 48𝑐𝑚3
Volume of 2nd cuboid = 5 x 5 x 2 = 50𝑐𝑚3
S8.6 Volume
Q2. Let the width of the cuboid be ‘W’.
Since the volume = L x W x H
Therefore, 8 x W x 3 = 120
24 W = 120
W = 120/24= 5 cm
Section 3. Definition of pri[Link] A 3-D Polyhedron (A 3-D shape that has
straight edges and flat faces) with a constant cross-sectional area.
Cuboid (Prism) Cylinder (Not a prism) Triangular Prism
Sphere (Not a prism) Hemi-sphere (Not a prism) Cone (Not a prism)
Hexagonal Prism Tetrahedron(Not a prism) Cuboid (Prism)
Section 4. Surface area of prisms:
Q1. Area of the front and the back face = 2 x Area of each triangle
= 2 x ½ x base x perpendicular height
= base x perpendicular height
= 6 x 8 = 48𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
Perimeter of triangle = 10 +10 +6 = 26 units
Surface Area = 2A +PL= 48 + 12 x 26 = 360𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
S8.6 Volume
Q2. Surface area of the cylinder = Area of the top circle + area of the base
circle + area of the curved part
Area of the top circle = Area of the base = area of the circle with radius (r)
of 4cm =𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋(4)2 = 16 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2
Area of the curved part = Area of the rectangle with length of 6cm and width
same as the circumference of the circular parts.
Circumference of the circular parts = 2 𝜋r = 2 𝜋(4) = 8 𝜋
Therefore, area of the curved part = 6 x 8 𝜋
= 48 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2
Hence, Surface area of the cylinder= 16 𝜋 + 16 𝜋 + 48 𝜋 = 80 𝜋
= 251.3274123
= 251.33𝑐𝑚2 (2 d.p.)
Q3. Since the labels only cover the curved part of the cylinders, we
only need to find the area of the curved parts (rectangles).
Radius (r) = ½ of diameter = ½ x 5.3 = 2.65 cm
Height of the cylinder= length of the rectangular part= 11.4 cm
Width of the rectangle = Circumference of the circle = 2𝜋𝑟
= 2𝜋 × 2.65 = 16.65044106
Hence, Area of one label= 11.4 x 16.65044106 = 189.8150281 𝑐𝑚2
Area of the paper required to make labels for 20 cans
= 20 x 189.8150281 = 3796.300562 𝑐𝑚2 = 3796.3 𝑐𝑚2 (1 d.p)
Section 5. Volume of a prism:
Q1. Volume of prism = Area of cross-section x length of prism
Length of this prism = 10mm
Area of the cross- section of this prism= area of the front face (L-shaped)
S8.6 Volume
= Area of the blue vertical rectangle +
Area of the white horizontal rectangle
= (20 x 60) + ( 20 x 60) = 1200 + 1200 = 1400𝑚𝑚2
Volume of the prism = 1400 x 10 = 14000𝑚𝑚3
Q2. Area of a semi-circle = ½ of the area of a circle
Semi-circle with radius 30cm
Length of the prism
Area of the cross-section= Area of the semi-circle + area of the
rectangle
= ½ x 𝜋 x(30)2 + (60 x 45) = ½ x 𝜋 x 900 + 2700 = 4113.716694𝑐𝑚2
Therefore, Volume of the prism = 4113.716694 x 90
= 370234.5025𝑐𝑚2
= 370000𝑐𝑚3 (3 s.f.)
S8.6 Volume
Section 6 . Volume of a cylinder:
Q1. Volume of a cylinder = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
Radius (r) = 4cm, Height (h) = 8cm
Therefore, Volume = 𝜋(4)2 (8) = 𝜋 × 16 × 8 = 128𝜋
= 402.1238597𝑐𝑚3
= 402.124𝑐𝑚3 (3dp)
Q2. The piece of wood is half of a cylinder.
Volume = ½ of the volume of the total cylinder
Radius (r) = ½ x 1.2= 0.6 cm
Height (h) = 350cm
Volume = ½ x 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ = ½ x 𝜋(0.6)2 (350) = 1/2 x 𝜋 x 0.36 x 350
= 197.9203372𝑐𝑚3
= 198𝑐𝑚3 (3 sf)
Section 7. Problems involving volume and capacity:
Q1. The planter is in the shape of a cuboid.
Length = 3m, width = 2.5 m
If the depth is 75cm = 0.75m (1cm = 1/100m)
Volume of soil required = 3 x 2.5 x 0.75 = 5.625𝑚3
Q2. Volume = length x width x height
Length = 6.2cm, width = 3.7cm, Volume = 60𝑐𝑚3
Therefore, 60 = 6.2 x 3.7 x height
60 = 22.94 x height
Height = 60 / 22.94 = 2.615518745 = 2.62cm (2dp)
Q2. Area of the cross-section= Area of the right angled triangle
= ½ x base x height
= ½ x a x b = ½ x a x 2a (Substituting b= 2a)
S8.6 Volume
= 𝑎2
Length of the prism = 10mm and volume = 40𝑚𝑚3
Therefore, 40 = 10 x 𝑎2 (Volume = area of cross-section x length)
4 = 𝑎2 (dividing by 10 both sides)
a = 2mm (Square rooting both sides)
Since b= 2a, b = 2 x2 = 4mm
Section 8. Converting units:
Q1. 1cm = 10mm
1𝑐𝑚3 = 1cm x 1cm x 1cm= 10mm x 10mm x 10mm = 1000𝑚𝑚3
Q2. 1cm = 1/ 100 m
1 1 1
382,000𝑐𝑚3 = 382000 x x x 𝑚3
100 100 100
1
= 382 x = 0.382𝑚3
1000
Q3.
a) Volume of the pool = depth x area of the base
= 3 x 375 = 1125𝑚3
b) 1litres = 1000 𝑐𝑚3 , 1𝑐𝑚3 = 1/1000 litres
1125𝑚3 = 1125 x 100 x 100 x100 𝑐𝑚3 = 1125000000 / 1000 litres
= 1125000 litres