Variation:
i. Direct Variation: any function defined by an equation of form y=kx ¿ ) where k is a
nonzero constant.
1. Example 1: Q varies directly as X (or Q is directly proportional to x) means
Q Q Q❑
Q=kx ; =k ; Q = kx or as a proportion: Q = 1 = 2
x x 1 x❑2
2. Example 2: y varies directly as x, and when y is 15, x is 3; find y when x is 7. Y = kx,
15 y
so 15 = 3k, k = 5 then y = 5(7) = 35 ...or as a proportion = so y =35
3 7
ii. Example 3: y varies directly as x, and when y is 15, x is 3; find y when x is 7. y=kx,
so 15=3k, k = 5 then y = 5 (7) = 35 . . or as a proportion
k
ii. Inverse Variation: function defined by equation, xy=k or y= where k is a nonzero
x
constant.
k
i. Ex: Q varies inversely as x means,Q= orQx=k ; & a proportion Q1x1 =Q2x2
x
iii. Joint Variation: when one variable varies directly as the product of two or more other
variables, K is a nonzero constant.
Q Q1 Q❑2
i. Ex: Q varies jointly as x and y means, Q = kxy, or = k ; or =
xy x1 y 1❑ x2 y 2❑
iv. Combined Variation: when a variable varies directly as one variable and inversely as another
variable where k is a nonzero constant.
Qy Q1 y 1 Q❑2 y ❑2
i. Ex: Q varies directly as x and inversely as y means = k ; or =
x x1 ❑❑ x 2❑