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Developer Efficiency's $3 Trillion Impact

The document discusses a study on software engineering efficiency and its $3 trillion impact on global GDP. Some key findings from the study include: 1) C-level executives report that access to developer talent is one of the biggest threats to business success, even more so than access to capital. 2) Developers have the potential to accelerate companies and help them differentiate if used effectively. However, on average developers spend over 17 hours per week on maintenance issues and bad code. 3) Increasing developer productivity could boost global GDP by $3 trillion over 10 years by reducing estimated efficiency losses of around 32% of developers' time.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
35 views9 pages

Developer Efficiency's $3 Trillion Impact

The document discusses a study on software engineering efficiency and its $3 trillion impact on global GDP. Some key findings from the study include: 1) C-level executives report that access to developer talent is one of the biggest threats to business success, even more so than access to capital. 2) Developers have the potential to accelerate companies and help them differentiate if used effectively. However, on average developers spend over 17 hours per week on maintenance issues and bad code. 3) Increasing developer productivity could boost global GDP by $3 trillion over 10 years by reducing estimated efficiency losses of around 32% of developers' time.

Uploaded by

kasusr
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The Developer Coefficient

Software engineering efficiency and its


$3 trillion impact on global GDP

SEPTEMBER 2018
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

A decade since the global financial crisis, companies increasingly


face challenges beyond scarcity of capital. As technology fracks
into every aspect of the world economy, software engineers are
becoming one of the world’s most precious resources.

While businesses today face myriad issues—security vulnerabilities, trade tariffs,


complex government regulations, increased global competition—how they deploy
their developers may be the most overlooked factor impacting their future success.
Developers act as force-multipliers, and if used effectively, have the collective
potential to raise global GDP by $3 trillion over the next ten years.

While many people posit that lack of developers is the primary problem, this study—
which surveyed thousands of C-level executives and developers across six different
countries—found that businesses need to better leverage their existing software
engineering talent if they want to move faster, build new products, and tap into new
and emerging trends.

Access to developers is a bigger threat to success than access


to capital
Senior executives report that the lack of developer talent is one of the biggest
potential threats to their businesses. In fact, they now worry about access to
developers more than they worry about access to capital, immigration concerns, and
other challenges. Despite the number of developers increasing year-over-year at most
companies, developers working on the right things can accelerate a company’s move
into new markets or product areas and help companies differentiate themselves at
disproportionate rates. This underscores the most important point about developers
as force-multipliers: It’s not just how many devs companies have; it’s also how they’re
being leveraged.

1
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

C-Level How threatening are the Security / data breach 66%


Executives following factors to the success
of your business? Increased regulation 62%

(somewhat/very)
Disruption from tech industry 62%

Access to developer talent 61%

Growing competition from China 60%

Corporate tax rates 58%

Trade tariffs 56%

Access to capital 56%

Impact of Brexit 55%

Immigration reform 51%

How much of an impact can Bringing products to market faster 71%


developers have to help your
company with each of the Increasing sales 70%

following challenges?
Differentiating products / services vs. competitors 69%
(moderate/major)
Internal reporting / visibility 65%

How has the number of Increased 56%


developers/software engineers
changed in the following year? Stayed the same 19%

Decreased 14%

Germany Increased (46%) lowest percentage response

How much of a priority is it for High / medium priority 96%


upper management to increase
the productivity of its Not at all / low priority 3%
developers?

2
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

HOW $3 TRILLION IN 18 million Estimated developers in the world


GDP IMPACT ADDS UP
$17,000 Global GDP per capita

$51,000 GDP per developer

$918 billion Aggregate GDP of developers globally

31.6% Efficiency loss of developers (from survey)

Sources: Evans Data Corp.,


CIA Factbook, Stripe research ~$300 billion Global GDP loss from developer inefficiency annually

‘Bad code’ costs companies $85 billion annually


While it’s a priority for senior executives to increase the productivity of their
developers, the average developer spends more than 17 hours a week dealing with
maintenance issues, such as debugging and refactoring. In addition, they spend
approximately four hours a week on “bad code,” which equates to nearly $85 billion
worldwide in opportunity cost lost annually, according to Stripe’s calculations on
average developer salary by country. Nearly two-thirds of developers agree that this
is “excessive” and believe that clear prioritization, responsibilities, and long-term
product goals would improve their own productivity.

Developers Approximately, how many hours on average do


developers at your company work each week?

41.1 hours 39.6 hours


Mean (all countries) Mean in France (lowest)

3
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

Developers
How many hours per week do you estimate developers
at your company waste on maintenance (i.e. dealing
with bad code / errors, debugging, refactoring,
modifying)?

17.3 hours 20.9 hours


Mean (all countries) Mean in France (highest)

How many hours each week do you think the average


developer at your company spends on addressing
“technical debt?”

13.5 hours
Mean

THE DEVELOPER WORK WEEK

13.5 hours
Technical debt

3.8 hours
Bad code

41.1 total hours


Average developer work week

How much do you agree or disagree with the following


statement? “The amount of time developers at my
company spend on bad code is excessive.”

59% 70%
Strongly / somewhat Strongly / somewhat
agree (all countries) agree in Singapore (highest)

4
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

Developers In your opinion, as a whole, how 0% 100%

productive are developers at


your company? Consider 100%
being perfectly productive and
68.4%
MEAN
0% being completely
unproductive.

Which of the following do you Maintenance of legacy systems / technical debt 52%
believe is hindering developer
productivity at your company? Leadership’s prioritization of projects / tasks 45%

Building custom technology 40%

How much of a negative impact Work overload 81%


does each of the following have
on your personal morale? Changing priorities resulting in discarded code or 79%
time wasted

Not being given sufficient time to fix poor quality code 79%

Spending too much time on legacy systems 78%

Paying down technical debt 76%

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT 41.1 Average hours per developer workweek


OF ‘BAD CODE’
17.3 Average hours spent by developers on bad
code, debugging, refactoring, modifying

13.5 Average hours spent on technical debt

3.8 Average hours spent on bad code

9.25% Percent productivity loss from bad code

~$85 billion Global GDP loss from developer time spent


Sources: Evans Data Corp., on bad code annually
CIA Factbook, Stripe research

5
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

Technology companies pose the biggest threat across industries


Senior executives feel the threat of tech industry competitors most acutely, which is why
they’re prioritizing investments in infrastructure, R&D, and recruiting over the next five years.
Both developers and C-level execs agree that artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and API
services are having the biggest impact on their businesses today, with ML, virtual assistants, and
blockchain likely to be impactful in the next 10 years. Senior executives are more optimistic
than developers that their companies will be ready to tap into to these trends, however, with
developers worried about not having the right technology infrastructure and skilled employees.

C-Level Companies in which of the Tech 44%


Executives following industries pose the
greatest competitive threat to Banking and finance 36%
your business?
Engineering services 27%

Telco 23%

Manufacturing 19%

Retail 19%

Singapore Tech (59%) highest among all countries

What are the top three areas Software infrastructure and tech 43%
your company plans to increase
investment in the next 5 years? R&D 31%

Recruiting technical talent 31%

Marketing 29%

Sales 26%

Customer service 24%

Compared to now, how much of Much / somewhat more 81%


a core competency will software
development need to be 10 The same 16%
years from now?
Much / somewhat less 3%

6
THE DEVELOPER COEFFICIENT

Developers Which of the following AI Developers 28% C-Suite 34%


+ technology trends, if any, are
C-Level having the greatest impact on IoT 25% 28%
Executives your company today?

SDS 24% 25%

API-based services 22% 15%

Which of the following AI 41% 41%


technology trends, if any, are
having the greatest impact on IoT 24% 27%
your company in 10 years?

Virtual assistants 18% 21%

Blockchain - 20%

ML 20% -

C-Level How confident are you that


83% 17% 30%
Executives your company has sufficient
Very / somewhat Not very / Germany (highest
resources to respond to these across all countries)
confident not confident
trends?

Developers How confident are you that


77% 23%
your company has sufficient
Very / somewhat Not very /
engineering resources to keep
confident not confident
up with these technology
trends?

Why aren’t you confident that We’re too slow to react to tech trends 44%
your company has sufficient
engineering resources to keep We don’t have enough skilled employees 42%
up with these technology
trends? Leadership doesn’t prioritize technology 36%

We’re too focused on quarterly or annual gains to 36%


prioritize long-term growth

We don’t have the tech infrastructure to support it 33%

7
[Link] METHODOLOGY

Stripe partnered with Harris Poll to More than 1,000 developers and
survey developers, technical leaders more than 1,000 C-level executives in
and C-level executives about their the United States, U.K., France,
organizations’ business challenges, Germany, and Singapore participated
software development practices, and in the study.
future investments to determine the
role that developer productivity plays
in their success—and the growth of
worldwide GDP overall.

Common questions

Powered by AI

Focusing on short-term gains over long-term technological growth can limit an organization's ability to adapt to future technology trends and maintain competitiveness. This approach might deter investments in R&D and infrastructure necessary for sustained growth and innovation. As technology evolves rapidly, failure to prioritize strategic technological growth can result in missed opportunities and reduced market leadership, as described by developers in Source 3.

The main productivity challenges faced by developers include spending excessive time on maintenance issues such as debugging and refactoring, with an additional burden of ‘bad code’ which results in $85 billion lost annually in opportunity cost globally. Developers spend over 17 hours weekly on these tasks, which is considered 'excessive' by many developers. The inefficiency leads to an annual global GDP loss of approximately $300 billion due to developer inefficiency, as noted in Source 2.

Inefficient prioritization and management can severely affect developer morale and productivity. Developers report that dealing with maintenance of legacy systems and technical debt diminishes morale and causes frustration. This mismanagement leads developers to feel unproductive, with companies operating at only 68.4% productivity, as indicated by Source 2. Improved management including clearer priorities and sufficient time allocation for resolving issues could enhance productivity.

'Bad code' significantly affects developer efficiency by contributing to a loss of productivity equivalent to approximately four hours a week, which translates into a global opportunity cost lost of around $85 billion annually. This inefficiency impacts a company's financial performance as it represents an area where businesses could improve productivity and profitability by reducing the technical debt and allowing developers to focus on innovation and strategic projects, as found in Source 2.

C-level executives perceive access to developer talent as a greater threat to business success than access to capital, immigration concerns, and several other challenges such as disruption from the tech industry and increased regulation. According to Source 1, 62% of executives identify access to developer talent as a significant threat, illustrating the crucial role developers play in future business success.

Variations in technological readiness between countries create diverse opportunities and challenges in software development. Countries like Singapore have a high awareness of the competitive threat posed by tech firms and are likely to invest more in keeping up with trends. Conversely, countries with less focus might face challenges in leveraging technologies like AI and ML effectively. This disparity creates a competitive landscape where countries with advanced readiness can lead, while others might struggle to catch up, as seen in Source 4.

Businesses could potentially increase global GDP by $3 trillion over the next decade by effectively leveraging their existing software engineering talent. This involves ensuring developers work on projects that enable companies to move into new markets or develop new products quickly. Source 1 emphasizes the importance of developers as force-multipliers, and more efficient deployment of this talent could have significant economic impacts.

Senior executives are prioritizing investments in infrastructure, R&D, and recruiting to improve competitiveness over the next five years. These areas are directly related to enhancing developer productivity as they focus on providing the necessary resources and environments that empower developers to innovate and address emerging market demands. Enhanced productivity can enable faster product development and differentiation in a competitive market, as noted in Source 3.

The inefficiency among developers results in a GDP loss of approximately $51,000 per developer annually. With a global ecosystem of 18 million developers, this inefficiency leads to substantial economic repercussions, underscoring the importance of addressing these productivity gaps to capitalize on developers' potential to contribute fully to global economic growth, as calculated in Source 1.

C-level executives are generally more optimistic than developers about their companies’ readiness to capitalize on future technology trends such as AI, IoT, and blockchain. Developers express concerns about lacking the necessary technology infrastructure and skilled employees to support these advances. As per Source 3, while executives plan to focus on infrastructure, R&D, and recruiting, developers feel that current technology leadership's priorities don't align with long-term growth, which could impair readiness for future trends.

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