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Understanding Ecosystem Functions

Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. An organism's ecology is influenced by biotic factors such as other organisms in its ecosystem, and abiotic factors like temperature, water, and sunlight. Together, the combination of living and non-living factors surrounding and impacting an individual organism define its ecology. Ecology can be studied at both the level of individual organisms and species, and at the level of entire ecosystems and communities of interacting species.

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30 views14 pages

Understanding Ecosystem Functions

Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. An organism's ecology is influenced by biotic factors such as other organisms in its ecosystem, and abiotic factors like temperature, water, and sunlight. Together, the combination of living and non-living factors surrounding and impacting an individual organism define its ecology. Ecology can be studied at both the level of individual organisms and species, and at the level of entire ecosystems and communities of interacting species.

Uploaded by

ajith
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5
ENVIRONMENT

THE LIVING AND NON LIVING


FACTORS SURROUNDING AN
ORGANISM, WHICH AFFECTS ITS
SURVIVAL & DEVELOPMENT.

MICRO MACRO
FACTORS FACTORS

IMMEDIATE THE BIOTIC AND


LOCAL ABOTIC FACTORS
SURROUNDING ACTING UPON
OF AN AN ORGANISM
ORGANISM

ECOLOGY – S5
ENVIRONMENT

THE LIVING AND NON LIVING


FACTORS SURROUNDING AN
ORGANISM, WHICH AFFECTS ITS
SURVIVAL & DEVELOPMENT.

BIOTIC (LIVING) ABIOTIC


(NON LIVING)

PRODUCERS WATER
LIGHT
CONSUMERS RADIATION
PRECIPITATION
DECOMPOSERS TEMPERATURE

ECOLOGY – S5
BIOTIC FACTORS

PRODUCERS CONSUMERS (HETEROTROPHS)


(HETEROTROPHS)
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

[Link]

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]

[Link]
BIOTIC FACTORS

DECOMPOSERS
(DETRIVORES)

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
ABIOTIC FACTORS

WATER
LIGHT
RADIATION
PRECIPITATION
TEMPERATURE

ECOLOGY – S5
ECOSYSTEM

AN ECOSYSTEM IS A COMPLEX OF
ORGANISMS, THEIR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
AND THEIR INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN A GIVEN
UNIT OF SPACE (ENCYCLOPEDIA
BRITANNICA, 1998).

ECOLOGY – S5
ECOLOGY

• COINED BY ERNST HAECKL (GERMANY) – THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP


OF AN ORGANISM WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT.
• ECOLOGY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO PLANT ECOLOGY & ANIMAL ECOLOGY,
BUT ECOLOGISTS PREFER:

AUTOECOLOGY SYNECOLOGY

STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL ORGANISM OR STUDY OF A GROUP OF ORGANISMS


SPECIES IN RELATION TO THEIR IN RELATION TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT.
ENVIRONMENT.

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
SYNECOLOGY

POPULATION ECOLOGY • GROWTH, TROPHIC STRUCTURE, METABOLISM & REGULATION

COMMUNITY ECOLOGY • DIFFERENT POPULATIONS, SAME HABITAT & ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

TAXONOMIC ECOLOGY • DIFFERENT TAXONOMIC GROUPS – MICROBIAL, MAMMALIAN, INSECT ETC.

HABITAT ECOLOGY • PLANTS & ANIMALS IN DIFFERENT HABITATS.

HUMAN ECOLOGY • EFFECT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON ENVIRONMENT & VICE VERSA.

APPLIED ECOLOGY • WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, FORESTRY AND


CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
CHEMICAL ECOLOGY • CHEMICAL PREFERENCES SHOWED BY ORGANISMS.

PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY • PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION TO LIVING CONDITIONS.

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
SYNECOLOGY

PALAEO ECOLOGY • ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE PAST AGES

EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY • EVOLUTIONARY PROBLEMS LIKE SPECIATION & SEGREGATION.

ECOLOGICAL GENETICS • RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENT WITH GENETIC VARIABILITY.

ECO GEOGRAPHY • PLANTS & ANIMALS IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS – HABITATS.

PEDOLOGY • SOIL AND ITS NATURE – ACIDITY, ALKALINITY, MINERAL CONTENTS, SOIL
TYPES.
ETHOLOGY • ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS UNDER NATURAL
CONDITIONS.
SOCIOLOGY • ECOLOGY & ETHOLOGY.

SYSTEM ECOLOGY • ANALYSING FUNCTION OF ECOSYSTEMS USING APPLIED MATH &


STATISTICS.

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
ECOLOGICAL BALANCE

A STABLE BALANCE IN THE NUMBERS OF


EACH SPECIES IN AN ECOSYSTEM
(JUNGIUS, 2018)

ECOLOGY – S5
WOLVES IN YELLOWSTONE

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
CARRYING CAPACITY

THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF A GIVEN ECOSYSTEM IS THE


SIZE OF THE POPULATION IT CAN SUPPORT INDEFINITELY
WITH ITS AVAILABLE RESOURCES AND PROCESSES .

ECOLOGY – S5 [Link]
ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5

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