Review Article ISSN 2277-3657
Available online at [Link]
International Journal of
Volume 4, Issue 2 (2015):22-25 Pharmaceutical Research &
Allied Sciences
Comparing Different Extraction Methods of Sesame Oil
Mehdi Kaviani*1, Zahra Darjani2, Julijana Tomovska3, Zahra Mazandarani4, Mohammad Ali Shariati5
1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashah, Mashhad, Iran.
2. Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Ayatollah Amoli Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran.
3. Faculty of Biotechnical sciences, University,, St. Kliment Ohridski'' "Partizanska bb'' 7000 Bitola,
Macedonia.
4. Department of Food Science and Technology, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Golestan, Iran.
5. Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Tehran, Iran.
*Email: [Link]@[Link]
Subject: Food Science
Abstract
Sesame seed has the most oil compounds (%50), but all of its oil not extracts due to being difficult of extraction. The
target of this review article is comparing different extraction method of sesame oil. Sesame oil extraction methods
categorizes in two groups; laboratory method and industrial method including, Hot water flotation, Ram Press,
Ghani Process, pressing method, subcritical liquid method, soxhelet method, fractionation, and enzyme extraction.
The amount of extracted oil and time are different in this method. Efficiencies of hot water floating, poly press, ram
press, Ghani process, subcritical liquid, soxhelet, fractionation, and enzyme methods were %41, %70, variable,
%26.47%, %34.23, %58.93 and %58.87 respectively.
Keywords: extraction, sesame oil, industrial method
Introduction
Sesame is one of the agriculture crops which are Table 1: Chemical compounds of different sesame
estimated belonging to over 4000 years ago. This oil
product consumed in different food industries such
as, alcoholic beverages, seasons and nuts),
pharmaceutical and hygiene industries. Sesame seed
contains % 50 oil.
But due to difficulty in extraction, some parts of its
oil are impossible to be extracted. Unlike high
saturated degree, sesame oil is one of the stable oil.
In recent decade, the amount of its production has
grown (Hwang. 2005). The chemical compounds of
sesame oil contain protein (%18-25), carbohydrate
(%13.5), and ash (% 5) (Borchani and et al. 2010).
Table 1 shows different compounds in sesame oil at
which the amount of its oil was more than other oil
sources (soybean, canola, sunflower and cotton)
which is %28-59(table 1).
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Physiochemical properties of sesame oil presented in
table 2 Table3. The amount of fatty acids
Table 2: Physiochemical properties of sesame oil
Sesame oil belongs to oleic-linoleic acid. The amount
of fatty acids has been depicted in table 3 (Borchani
and et al 2010). The amount of oleic and linoleic acid
are the same (Abou –Gharbia, 2011)
Result and discussion
Processing
Processing is collection of measurements in order to provide foodstuff to be ready for consumption which depends
on two parameters; 1) removing of seed husk, 2) fried seed. All processing methods including refining of sesame oil
obtained from crude seeds (with/without husk), fried oil resulted from fried sesame, sesame oil produced from non-
husk fried sesame seeds (Hwan, 2005).
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Fig.1: Diagram of different sesame oil processing
Peeling Poly press
Husk peeling is essential as a result of the presence Sesame seeds smashed through a plate with mesh
oxalic acid and non-digestible fiber. This process 2mm. In this method as much as fine seeds
leads to oxalate be removed, then initial stages for consumed, obtained oil has better quality. Extraction
providing sweet sesame with bright color, low fiber is performed through adding water (%11-13 w/w),
and protein provides (Warra ., 2011). the resulted paste dried at 70°C (Warra et al, 2011).
Oil extraction Ram press
In this method, there is no need to initial grounding,
Oil extraction using laboratory method however beginning on metal sheets. Kapo press cause
Modern methods using normal hexane and enzyme to produce clear oil with %57.7 efficiency (Warra
extraction. Sesame oil extraction by subcritical CO2 .,2011)
has reported as well. Ghani process
12kg of seeds grounds in mill with 0.5 L water, after
Industrial method 30 min oil releases and temperature increases to 55-
60°C causes to excretion of 5 L oil (Warra
Hot water floating method .,2011).
Grounded sesame seeds forms to a paste, heats to
80°C-90°C for 15min, then shakes while boiling for Demanding Press machinery
15min, after cooling, upper layer removes and dried This is common method in which Sesame oil can
by heating, efficiency of this method is %41 (Warra extract under low temperature condition with no
et al,2011). touch to chemical solvents or high temperatures.
After extraction, neutralization and cleansing perform
to enhance oil quality (Warra .,2011).
Figure 2: Extraction of Sesame seed using press machine ([Link])
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Subcritical Liquid Reference
CO2 uses as solvent along with ethanol, under 20 1. Abou-Gharbia; H.A.. Shahidi F and et. al. (1997);
MPa, 35°C, 5.2gCO2/min, and the process lasts Effect of processing on oxidative Stability of
210min and its efficiency %26.47 (Carvalho and et sesame oil extracted from intact and dehaulled
al, 2012).
seeds; JAOCS, 74, 215-221.
Soxhelet extraction
This process continues up to the level of removing oil 2. Borchaniandet. C Al. (2010); Chemical
from seeds in presence of petroleum ether and Characteristics and Oxidative Stability of Sesame
ethanol as solvent for 8hr (Carvalho et al, 2012). Seed, Sesame Paste, and Olive Oils; J. Agr. Sci.
Tech. (2010) Vol. 12: 585-596.
Fractionation extraction 3. Carvalho R. H. R and et. al. (2012); Extraction,
This method performs through ethyl ether, ethanol
fatty acid profile and antioxidant activity of sesame
and water (Carvalho and et. al, 2012)
extract (SesamumIndicum L.); Braz. J. Chem.
Enzyme extraction Eng. vol.29 No.2.
Sesame oil extraction can be improved by adding 4. Hou and L.X et. al. (2013); Application of enzyme
enzyme to water solution. Sesame oil can extract by in aqueous extraction of sesame oil, European
demanding different enzymes like papain, Tripsin Food Research and Technology;, DOI
and cellulase. Enzyme extraction in neutral condition 10.1007/s00217-013-1955-4.
i.e. at 50° C, 3hr, 80 rpm, enzyme amount were
5. Hwang ,L.S (2005); Bailey’s Industrial oil and fat
6000,400 and 250U/g is %58.87.
Products, 6th vol., John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
Total conclusion 6. Warra A.A (2011); Sesame (SesamumIndicum L.)
The most extracted oil was related to poly press Seed Oil Methods Of Extraction And Its Prospects
method with %70 efficiency. In Cosmetic Industry: A Review; Bayero Journal of
Pure and Applied Sciences, 4(2): 164 – 168.
“Cite this Article” 7. [Link]
M. Kaviani, Z. Darjani, J. Tomovska, Z. 8. Safari, Z Ashrafizadeh, A and Hedayat N (2011);
Mazandarani, MA Shariati.“ Comparing Different Thermodynamic Study of Seed Oil Extraction by
Extraction Methods of Sesame Oil” Int. J. of Organic Solvents; World Academy of Science,
Pharm. Res. & All. Sci. 2015;4(2):22-25 Engineering and Technology, 57
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