MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL & BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

SUBJECT NAME
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
SUBJECT CODE
CKB 30103

PRACTICAL NUMBER
PRACTICAL 2
NAME OF PRACTICAL
POSTURAL ASSESSMENT: RAPID UPPER LIMB ASSESSMENT (RULA)
&
WORKSTATION DESIGN: RAPID OFFICE STRAIN ASSESSMENT (ROSA)

GROUP MEMBERS

NAME STUDENT ID GRP NO

1 MOHAMAD IMAD EL KHEIR 55213117149
2 MUHAMMAD DANIEAL B. LIAKAT ALI 55213117221
3 MUHAMMAD IMRAN AZRIE B. ABU BAKAR 55213117156

NAME OF LECTURER IN CHARGE FOR PRACTICAL

MADAM NORAINI BUROK
DATE

9 MARCH 2018
TABLE OF CONTENT

Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of Study ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem Statement ............................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Objective............................................................................................................................... 2
2.0 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 3
3.0 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................................... 16
4.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 19
5.0 REFERENCE ............................................................................................................................... 20
6.0 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................... 21

i
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study

Ergonomics is a type of scientific regulation that is related with the interactions between
humans and other essentials of a system. This profession will apply principles, theory, data
and several methods to enhance the well-being of humans, as well as the overall performance
of a system. Recent studies have shown that the rate of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) is
increasing at the same rate as computer users in workplaces for the past twenty years (Bayeh
& Smith, 1999). Based on the reports, about 50% of computer users has experiences the MSD
symptoms due to their work. The risk factor presented by MSD to the computer workers are
mostly because of sustained, unnatural postures of the upper limb, and also prolonged
stationary seating (Gerr et al., 2002).

The reason for the development of Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) and Rapid
Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was to identify the various risk factors of numerous
components of the workstation in an office, and also to associate the level of risk with the
workstation. Other than that, ROSA was established to aid ergonomists with a rapid
identification of potential risks in any working environment with the utilization of a checklist
(Sonne et al., 2010). The type of risk factors assessed in this method are organized into
sections, which are chair, monitor and telephone, and also mouse and keyboard. While RULA
is assessed based on the load requirement of the job on the neck, trunk and upper body parts.
The risk factors in these sections are highlighted to each of the components of the workstation,
and risk scores were conducted based on the Guidelines on Ergonomic Risk Assessment at
Workplace (2017). After analysing all sections, the recorded scores are then totalled to acquire
the final ROSA score, which reveals the overall risk of MSD. Thus, a relationship between the
final ROSA and RULA scores and the discomfort reported by workers can be established
(Matos & Arezes, 2015).

However, these assessments are quite limited because the initial assessment must be
done by hiring a professional ergonomic consultant, which requires additional costs to the
workplace. Even though ROSA and RULA provide an effective assessment tool by signifying
which workstations are in need of instant and necessary changes to decrease the discomfort
suffered by workers. Nevertheless, to solely rely on a professional consultant to acquire this
data and information will consume a lot of time and money (Matos & Arezes, 2015).

1
 1.2 Problem Statement

The assessment was conducted in UniKL MICET in various locations, which were
divided into two groups. The locations from Group 1 were the Technician Room, Student
Development and Campus Lifestyle Office and Administration Office. While from Group 2, the
location was Computer Laboratory 29. There were two types of assessment conducted in this
practical. The first assessment was ROSA, where 5 personnel from each group where
assessed and analysed by taking their pictures and evaluating their respective subsection
scores based on the ROSA form. The subsections were the chair, monitor and telephone, and
mouse and keyboard. Some measurements were taken when necessary in order to have a
complete analysis. Next, a person from each group was selected to conduct the RULA
assessment, where their upper body were assessed for any ergonomic risks based on the
assessment worksheet. The final RULA and ROSA scores are then recorded and discussed
for further assessment.

1.3 Objective

The objectives of this practical are:

1. To conduct the ergonomic risk assessment in different areas of a workplace.

2. To have a better understanding in analysing the RULA and ROSA scores of their
respective assessment worksheet.
3. To investigate the relationship between the RULA and ROSA scores and worker
discomfort complaints.

2
2.0 RESULTS
GROUP 1

NAME: MUHAMMAD HAZRI B. ZAKARIA

ID: 523472

Arms / Back rest

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9

Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Mouse and keyboard

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

3
 Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 3

4
NAME: MOHAMAD NORIZAM ISMAIL
ID: 520404
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9

Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9

Mouse and keyboard

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Peripherals and Monitor

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 3

5
NAME: DR. ALIFF RADZUAN MOHAMAD RADZI
ID: 523434
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 2

6
NAME: MOHD ZULHELMI B. AHMAD
ID: 522429
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9

Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 4

7
NAME: MATDALI ABU MANSOR
ID: 522418
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 4

8
RULA
NAME: MATDALI ABU MANSOR
ID: 522418

Wrist Score
TABLE A 1 2 3 4
Wrist Twist Wrist Twist Wrist Twist Wrist Twist
Upper Arm Lower Arm 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
1 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
1 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
1 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5
2 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
1 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
2 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
4 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6
1 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7
2 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7
5 3 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8
1 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 9
2 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9
6 3 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Table B: Trunk Posture Score
1 2 3 4 5 6
Legs Legs Legs Legs Legs Legs
Neck Posture Score 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 3 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7
2 2 3 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 7
3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7
4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8
5 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9

Neck, Trunk, Leg Score

Table C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7+
1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5
2 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
3 3 3 3 4 4 5 6
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 6
5 4 4 4 5 6 7 7
6 4 4 5 6 6 7 7
7 5 5 6 6 7 7 7
Wrist / Arm Score 8+ 5 5 6 7 7 7 7

RULA SCORE: 5

9
GROUP 2
NAME: PRAVIN A/L GUNALAN
ID: 55213218011
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9
Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Peripherals and Monitor

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
GRAND ROSA SCORE: 6

10
NAME: AHMAD ZAHIN AHMAD
ID: 55213218012
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9
Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 3

11
NAME: MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ B. SADINAH ABU BAKAR
ID: 55213218004
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9

Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 4

12
NAME: NUR AIMAN AFIQ B. AZLAN
ID: 55213218040
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9
Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Peripherals and Monitor

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 3

13
NAME: KHAIRUL FAIZ B. KHAIRUL SALEH
ID: 55213218006
Arms / Back rest
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 1 1 1 4 5 6 7 8
3 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Seat pan height / depth
5 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8
6 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
7 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
8 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Monitor
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
2 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7
Phone
3 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8
4 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8
5 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 9
Keyboard
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Mouse 3 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 8
4 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
5 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
6 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9
7 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9
Mouse and keyboard
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Monitor and telephone
5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Peripherals and Monitor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chair 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

GRAND ROSA SCORE: 3

14
RULA
NAME: KHAIRUL FAIZ B. KHAIRUL SALEH
ID: 55213218006

Wrist Score
TABLE A 1 2 3 4
Wrist Twist Wrist Twist Wrist Twist Wrist Twist
Upper Arm Lower Arm 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
1 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
1 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
1 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5
2 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
1 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
2 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
4 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6
1 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7
2 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7
5 3 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8
1 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 9
2 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9
6 3 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Table B: Trunk Posture Score
1 2 3 4 5 6
Legs Legs Legs Legs Legs Legs
Neck Posture Score 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 3 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7
2 2 3 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 7
3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7
4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8
5 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9

Neck, Trunk, Leg Score

Table C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7+
1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5
2 2 2 3 4 4 5 5
3 3 3 3 4 4 5 6
4 3 3 3 4 5 6 6
5 4 4 4 5 6 7 7
6 4 4 5 6 6 7 7
7 5 5 6 6 7 7 7
Wrist / Arm Score 8+ 5 5 6 7 7 7 7

RULA SCORE: 6

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3.0 DISCUSSION

Rapid Office Strain Assessment, ROSA is a picture-based posture checklist designed

to quantify exposure to risk factors in an office work environment. ROSA is modelled after
other picture-based checklists and chart scoring systems. The goal of the ROSA process is to
serve as a screening tool to identify areas of priority in large office-based organizations. ROSA
is crucial to employer and employee who suffer musculoskeletal disorder. The other reason
on this assessment is to deliver a suitable control or plan in order to reduce the risk that lead
to strain and ergonomic risk factors. ROSA is directly related to the objectives of Occupational
Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) on physical ergonomic, which to indorse safe
environment for each worker in their respective workplace which adapt to physiological need.

Rapid upper limb assessment, RULA was established to assess the exposure of an
individual worker to ergonomic risk factors related with upper extremity MSD. The RULA
ergonomic evaluation tool deliberates biomechanical and postural load necessities of job
tasks/demands on the neck, trunk and upper extremities. Body posture, force, and repetition
are evaluated in a single page worksheet. Scores are given based on the evaluation for each
body part in section A for arm and wrist, while section B for the neck and trunk. Collected and
scored data from each region is compile in the tables to determine risk factor variables,
producing a single score that signifies the level of MSD risk.

This practical study objective is to determine the ergonomic risk factors or strain that
could occur to staff and students in UniKL MICET. To carry out ROSA and RULA, two
workstations which are categorised into Group 1 (administration office, SDCL office) and
Group 2 (tutorial room) are chose as area of study. Five persons is analysed from each group
of workplaces to perform the ROSA assessment, and one from the five is being selected to
carry out RULA. To form is provided with sections for easier evaluation purposes. In ROSA,
three sections involved are section A, B and C. Section A includes chair height, pan depth,
arm rest and back support. Section B contains telephone placement and monitor view. Lastly
for section C, the focus is on mouse and keyboard handling. As for RULA, 15 steps need to
be taken to get the evaluation score. In Table A, step 1-3 is taken to measure posture score
A, then conduct step 4-8 to measure the wrist & arm score. In Table B, step 9-11 is taken to
measure leg score, and step 12-15 are then conducted to measure neck, trunk, leg score. By
combining wrist & arm score with neck, trunk, leg score, RULA score is obtained.

16
 In Group 1, five person which is all UniKL staff, is chose to carry out ROSA and one of
them, which is Mr Matdali is added with RULA assessment. In section A, seat pan/height and
arm/back rest table in ROSA assessment is used to measure the chair score of a worker. The
lowest chair score obtained is 2 while the highest is 4. In section B, from monitor and phone
table, we could observe that one worker scored the lowest at 1, one worker scored the highest
at 3, and the others gets a score of 2. In section C, from mouse and keyboard table, once
again it is observed that one worker scored the lowest at 1, one worker scored the highest at
3, and the others gets a score of 2. By combining results from section B and section C,
peripherals and monitor score is then obtained. Two worker gets a score of 2, while the other
three gets a score of 3. Then, by combining results of section A with peripherals and monitor
score, the Grand ROSA score is obtained. Two workers scored the highest Grand ROSA of
4, two other worker with a score of 3 and one worker with the score of 2. For RULA
assessment, Mr Matdali is chosen to be evaluated obtain RULA score of 5. This define that
his posture is going to cause a disorder and causes pain in the future, which conclude that
further investigation needs to be done and his posture needs to be refined to follow a provided
safe standard.

In Group 2, five person which are all students are assessed, with same procedures
were taken as the one in Group 1, and Mr Faiz is assess with additional RULA assessment.
In section A, one person scored the highest chair score at 6, one at 5, one at 4 and the other
two at 3. In section B, no phone is used by any of the person, so ROSA score are only obtained
from monitor. From the table, it is observed that every person assessed scored 1. In section
C, from observing the mouse and keyboard used, data taken is then recorded in the table.
The ROSA score obtained by two persons is 3, while the other three is 2. Then, results from
section B and section C are combined, which is then used to measure the peripherals and
monitor score. From the table, it is still the same with section C, where two of the same person
scored 3, and the other three scored 2. Then, by making a table comparing section A chair
score with peripherals and monitor score, the Grand ROSA score is obtained. The highest
was recorded at 6, one scored 5, one scored 4, and the other two scored 3. For RULA
assessment, Mr Faiz scored 6 in total score. This conclude that his posture is bound to hurt
himself in near future, so further investigation needs to be done and the way of working needs
to be changed.

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 To conclude this discussion, the average evaluated Grand ROSA score is 4, which is
consider high in both Group 1 and Group 2. This value is considered to be almost high risk,
but still maintained in a good manner. But as for RULA, a score obtained from each group are
5 and 6, which is very dangerous for working environment. Immediate actions need to be taken
to ensure musculoskeletal disorder risk is avoided from every person. Control measure that
can be taken are such as substitution, redesign or workstation, administration control, exercise
campaign and a fitted office chair for every person. In the end, the purpose of this experiment
is conducted successfully.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the objectives of this assessment were to identify the various risk factors
of numerous components of the workstation in an office, and also to associate the level of risk
with the workstation. By looking at the result obtained for Group 1, for the Grand ROSA, two
workers score the highest ROSA of 4, two other worker with a score of 3 and one worker with
the score of 2. For RULA assessment, Mr Matdali is chosen to be evaluated obtain RULA
score of 5. For Group 2 the Grand ROSA, the highest was recorded at 6, one scored 5, one
scored 4, and the other two scored 3. For RULA assessment, Mr Faiz scored 6 in total score.
The average evaluated Grand ROSA score For Group 1 and Group 2 is 4, the value is almost
high risk. For RULA, the score obtained for each group are 5 and 6, the score is very
dangerous for working environment. This define that the worker posture is going to cause
disorder and cause pain in the future. Some action should be taken to ensure musculoskeletal
disorder risk is avoided from every person. That are some control measure that can be taken
such as substitution, administration control, redesign work station, exercise campaign and a
fitted office chair for every person. Overall, the objectives of this practical is achieved.

19
5.0 REFERENCE

Bayeh, A.D., and Smith, M.J., 1999. Effect of physical ergonomics on VDT worker's health:
A longitudinal field study in a service organization. International Journal of Human
and Computer Interaction. 11,109-135.

Matos, M., & Arezes, P. M. (2015). Ergonomic evaluation of office workplaces with Rapid
Office Strain. Procedia Manufacturing 3, 4689 – 4694 .

Gerr, F., Marcus, M., Ensor, C, Kleinbaum, D., Cohen, S., Edwards, A., Gentry, E., Ortiz,
D.J., and Monteilh, C, 2002. A prospective study of computer users: I. Study design
and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders. American Journal of
Industrial Medicine. 41, 221-235.

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6.0 APPENDIX
GROUP 1

Figure 1: MUHAMMAD AZRIE BIN ZAKARIA

21
Figure 2: MOHAMAD NORIZAM ISMAIL

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Figure 3: DR ALIFF RADZUAN MOHAMAD RADZI

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Figure 4: MOHD ZULHELMI BIN AHMAD

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Figure 5: MATDALI ABU MANSOR

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GROUP 2

Figure 6: PRAVIN GUNALAN

Figure 7: AHMAD ZAHIN AHMAD

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Figure 8: MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ BIN SADINAH ABU BAKAR

Figure 9: NUR AIMAN AFIQ BIN AZLAN

26
Figure 10: MUHAMMAD FAIZ BIN KHAIRUL SALEM

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