MODIFIED CBCS CURRICULUM OF

[Link]. PHYSICS PROGRAMME

SUBJECT CODE = PHY
FOR POST GRADUATE COURSES UNDER RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Implemented w.e.f.
Academic Session 2018-2020
Members of Board of Studies of CBCS P.G. Syllabus as per Guidelines of the
Ranchi University, Ranchi.
1. Chairman –
Dr. Vinita Sharan
Associate Professor & Head,
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

2. Internal Members-
i. Dr. Arun Kumar
Associate Professor,
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

ii. Dr. Sanjay Kumar Dey

Associate Professor,
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

iii. Dr. Achint Kapoor

Associate Professor,
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

iv. Dr. Sudha Singh

Associate Professor,
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

v. Sri Arun Kumar

Assistant Professor
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

vi. Dr. Raj Kumar Singh

Assistant Professor
University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

3. External Members:-

i. Prof. (Retd.) N. R. Roy

University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi

ii. Prof. P. Mahato

Former Professor, VBU, Hazaribag
Registrar, BBM University, Dhanbad

4. Special Invitee:-
1. Prof. S. N. Singh
Professor (on lien), University Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi
Vice-Chancellor, NPU, Medininaga

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Contents
[Link]. Page No.
Members of Board of Studies i
Contents ii
COURSE STUCTURE FOR POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMME
1 Distribution of 80 Credits 1
2 Course structure for [Link]. in Physics 1
3 Semester wise Examination Structure for Mid Semester & End Semester 2
Examinations
SEMESTER I
4 I FC-101 Compulsory Foundation Course (FC) 3
5 II. CC-102 Core Course –C 1 5
6 III. CC-103 Core Course –C 2 7
7 IV CP-104 Practical-I –C 3 9
SEMESTER II
8 I CC-201 Core Course- C 4 10
9 II. CC-202 Core Course- C 5 12
10 III. CC-203 Core Course –C 6 14
11 IV CP-204 Practical-II –C 7 16
SEMESTER III
12 I EC-301 Ability Enhancement Course (AE) 17
13 II. CC-302 Core Course –C 8 21
14 III. CC-303 Core Course- C 9 23
15 IV CP-304 Practical-III –C 10 25
SEMESTER IV
16 I EC-401 Generic/Discipline Elective (GE/DC 1) 26
17 II. EC-402 Generic/Discipline Elective (GE/DC 2) 31
18 III. EP-403 Practical-IV (based on GE/DC) 34
19 IV PR-404 Core Course (Project/ Dissertation) –C 11 37
ANNEXURE
20 Distribution of Credits for P.G. Programme (Semester-wise) 38
21 Sample calculation for SGPA & CGPA for P.G. Vocational/[Link]./M.A./[Link] 39
Programme
DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR EXAMINATIONS
AND
FORMAT OF QUESTION PAPERS
22 Distribution of Marks of Mid Semester Theory Examinations 40
23 Distribution of Marks of End Semester Theory Examinations 40
24 Format of Question Paper for Mid Semester Evaluation of Subjects with/ 41
without Practical (20 Marks)
25 Format of Question Paper for End Semester Examination (50 Marks) 42
26 Format of Question Paper for End Semester Examination (70 Marks) 43

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY
COURSE STUCTURE FOR [Link]. PHYSICS
Table AI-1: Distribution of 80 Credits for Subjects having Practical Papers
[*wherever there is a practical examination there will be no tutorial and vice –versa.]

Course Papers Credits Credits

Theory + Practical Theory + Tutorial

I. Foundation Course (FC)

1. Foundation Course (FC)
Compulsory Foundation/ 1 Paper 1X5=5 1X5=5
Elective Foundation

II. Core Course (CC) (CC 1 to 10/11)

Theory 7 Papers/11 Papers 7X5=35 11X5=55
Practical/ Tutorial* 3 Papers/----------- 3X5=15
Project 1 Paper 1X5=5 1X5=5

III. Elective Course (EC)

A. Ability Enhancement Course (AE/EC 1)
of the Core Course opted 1 Paper 1X5=5 1X5=5

B. Discipline Centric Elective (DC/EC 2&3)

Theory + 2 Papers 2X5=10
Practical 1 Paper 1x5=5

OR Theory/Practical/Tutorial* 1Paper + 1 Practical/Dissertation 2X5=10

OR Generic Elective/ Interdisciplinary (GE/EC 2&3)

Theory OR 2 Papers
Theory/Practical/Tutorial* 1 Paper + 1 Practical/Dissertation

Total Credit = 80 = 80

Table AI-1.1: Course structure for [Link] Programme with Practical Papers
Semester Subject Allied Foundation Course Total Credits
(Core Courses) (Elective Courses) (Compulsory Course)
11 Papers 4 Papers 1 Paper
Sem-I C-1, C-2, C-3 Foundation Course FC
(5+5+5=15 Credits) (05 Credits) 20 Credits

Sem-II C-4, C-5, C-6, C-7

(5+5+5+5=20 Credits) 20 Credits

Sem-III C-8, C-9, C-10 EC1

(5+5+5=15 Credits) (05 Credits) 20 Credits

Sem-IV C-11 (Project) EC2, EC3, EP

(05 Credits) (5+5+5=15Credits) 20 Credits

Total = 80 Credits

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY
COURSES OF STUDY FOR [Link]. PHYSICS 2018 onwards

Table AI-2 Subject Combinations allowed for M. Sc. Programme (80 Credits)

Discipline Centric Elective/

Foundation Course Core Subject Ability Enhancement Course
Generic Elective Course
FC CC AE
DC/ GE/ EC
1 Paper 11 Papers 1 Paper
3 Papers

Table AI-2.1 Semester wise Examination Structure for Mid Sem & End Sem Examinations:

Core, SE/ GE/ DC/ EC & Compulsory FC Courses Examination Structure

End
Sem Mid End
Semester
Semester Semester
Paper Paper Code Credit Name of Paper Practical/
Evaluation Evaluation
Viva
(F.M.) (F.M.)
(F.M.)
Foundation
Course
FCPHY101 5 Mathematical Methods in Physics 30 70 ----

Core Course CCPHY102 5 Quantum Mechanics-I 30 70 ----

I
Core Course CCPHY103 5 Solid State Physics and General Electronics 30 70 ----

Practical’s
on Core
CPPHY104 5 Practical-I ---- ---- 70 + 30

Core Course CCPHY201 5 Spectroscopy 30 70 ----

Core Course CCPHY202 5 Quantum Mechanics -II 30 70 ----

II
Core Course CCPHY203 5 Nuclear Physics – I 30 70 ----

Practical’s
on Core
CPPHY204 5 Practical-II ---- ---- 70 + 30
Ability
Enhancement A. Numerical Methods and Simulation/
CCPHY301 5
B. Experimental Techniques
30 70 ----
Course

Core Course CCPHY302 5 Statistical Physics 30 70 ----

III

Core Course CCPHY303 5 Nuclear Physics – II 30 70 ----

Practical’s
on Core
CPPHY304 5 Practical-III ---- ---- 70 + 30
A. Nanophysics and Nanomaterials – I/
Elective ECPHY401 5 B. Electronics and Communication – I 30 70 ----
C. Condensed Matter Physics -I
A. Nanophysics and Nanomaterials-II/
Elective ECPHY402 5 B. Electronics and Communication-II/ 30 70 ----
IV C. Condensed Matter Physics -II
Practical’s A. Practical-IV: Nanophysics & Nanomaterials/
on Elective
EPPHY403 5 B. Practical-IV: Electronics & Communication/ ---- ---- 70 + 30
C. Practical-IV: Condensed Matter Physics

PROJECT PRPHY404 5 Project Work ---- ---- 70 + 30

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEMESTER I 4 Papers
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 4 = 400 Marks

I. COMPULSORY FOUNDATION COURSE [FCPHY101]:

(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

Matrices and Tensors: Introduction of matrices through rotation of co-ordinate systems, Orthogonal,
Hermitian, Unitary, Null and Unit matrices, Singular and Non-singular matrices, Inverse of a matrix,
Trace of a matrix, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, Diagonalization. Tensorial character of physical
entities, Covariant, Contravariant and Mixed tensors, Contraction, Quotient rule, Differentiation,
Kronecker tensor, Pseudotensor, Symmetric and Anti symmetric tensors.
15 Lectures

Green’s Function: Introduction Construction of the Green’s function for 1d, 2d and 3d problems.
Solution of some standard problems using Green’s function technique.
5 Lectures

Group Theory: Definition and examples of physically important finite groups, Basic symmetry
operations and their matrix representations, Multiplication table, Cyclic groups and subgroups,
Classes. Reducible and Irreducible representation, Schur’s lemma, Orthogonality theorem, Character
of a representation, Construction character tables.
15 Lectures

Electrodynamics and Relativity: Lorentz transformation as orthogonal transformation in 4-

dimensions, 4-vectors and light cone, energy-momentum 4-vectors, Relativistic force equation,
Session 2018-20 Onwards
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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Covariance of Maxwell’s equation, Transformation of electromagnetic fields, Solution of wave

equation in covariant form, Field due to a charge moving with constant velocity, Radiation from
oscillating dipole, Total power radiated from an accelerated charge, Larmor formula, Principle of
equivalence, Principle of covariance, Covariant differentiation, Curvature tensor, field equation,
Reduction to Newton’s laws of gravitation.
25 Lectures

Signal Processing and Data Analysis: Fast transforms, Random noise and signal, White and
coloured noise, Power spectrum, Convolution, Auto-correlation and cross-correlation, Matched
filtering techniques, Maximum entropy method.
15 Lectures

Books Suggested:
 Mathematical Methods for Physicists, [Link], [Link], E.E. Harris, 2013, 7thEdn., Elsevier.
 Boas, M.L., “Mathematical Methods in Physical Sciences”, Wiley International Editions.
 Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics, [Link].
 Mathematical Physics: Das and Sharma.
 Mathematical Methods for Physicist & Engineers: Pipes & Harvel.
 Mathematical Tools for Physics, James Nearing, 2010, Dover Publications.
 Mathematical Methods for Scientists and Engineers: [Link], 2003, Viva Book.
 Advanced Engineering Mathematics: [Link] and [Link], 5-Ed, 2012, Jones and Bartlett
Learning.
 Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig, 2008, Wiley India.
 Essential Mathematical Methods, [Link] & [Link], 2011, Cambridge Univ. Press.
 Classical Electrodynamics, [Link], 3rd Edn, 1988, Wiley.
 The Classical Theory of Fields, [Link], [Link], 4th Edn. 2003, Elsevier.
 Electromagnetic Field Theory for Engineers & Physicsts, [Link] & [Link], 1970.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

II. CORE COURSE [CCPHY102]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

QUANTUM MECHANICS-I Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

Mathematical Foundation of Quantum Mechanics: Vectors and Linear vector space, Closure
property, Linear independence of vectors, Bases and dimensions. Some examples of linear vector
spaces, Dirac’s notations, Bra and Ket vectors, Combining bras with kets, Inner product and inner
product space, Orthonormality of vectors, Gram Schmidt orthogonalization of vectors in a linear
vector space, Schwartz inequality, Arbitrary Vectors in an orthonormal basis, Completeness condition,
Outer product, Hilbert spaces, Operator on a linear vector space, Algebra of linear operators, ,
Hermitian operators and their properties, Unitary, Projection, Commuting operators and related
theorems, Complete set of commuting operators, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions (continuous and
bounded operators), Co-ordinate and momentum representation, Time differentiation of operators.
30 Lectures
Hilbert Space Formalism of Quantum Mechanics: Postulates, Expectation values and
probabilities, Explicit representation of operators, The general uncertainty relationship, The
minimum uncertainty product. 8 Lectures

Quantum Dynamics: The equation of motion- The Schrodinger; the Heisenberg and the Interaction
pictures; Applications to linear harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom. Linear harmonic oscillator
using Creation and annihilation operator. 12 Lectures

Heisenberg Matrix Mechanics: Matrix representation of states and operators, Matrix transformation,
Diagonalizability of matrix, Application to linear harmonic oscillator problem. 8 Lectures

Angular Momentum: Commutation relations for angular momentum operators, Eigenvalues and
eigenvectors, Pauli spin matrices and spin eigenvectors, Addition theorem, Clebsch- Gordon co-
efficient, Angular momentum and rotation, Motion in a centrally symmetric field. 8 Lectures

Invariance Principle and Conservation Laws: Space-time symmetries and conservation Laws for
linear momentum, Angular momentum, Energy and Parity. 8 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Mathews, P.M., &Venkatesan, K., “A Text Book of Quantum Mechanics”, TMH.
 Merzbacker, E., “Quantum Mechanics”, John Wiley
 Messiah, A., “Quantum Mechanics”, North-Holland Publishing Co.
 Schiff, L.I., “Quantum Mechanics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 3rd Edition 2010
 Ghatak, A., Quantum Mechanics”, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
 Agarwal, B. K., “Quantum Mechanics’, PHI
 Landau, L.D. &Lifshitz, E.M., “Quantum Mechanics”, Pergman Press
 Quantum Mechanics for Scientists and Engineers, D. A. B. Miller 2008, Cambridge University
Press
 Introductory Quantum Mechanics, Richard L. Liboff, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
 Quantum Mechanics, B.H. Bransden and [Link], Pearson Education, New Delhi.
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Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

III. CORE COURSE [CCPHY103]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

SOLID STATE PHYSICS AND GENERAL ELECTRONICS

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15 Hours

Solid State Physics

Crystal Physics: Laue theory of X-ray diffraction, Geometrical structure factor and intensity of
diffraction maxima. Calculation of structure factor for bcc, fcc and diamond structure, Intensity of
diffraction maxima, Extinction due to Lattice centering. 12 Lectures

Electronic Properties: Electron in a Periodic lattice, Block Theorem, Band Theory, Tight Binding,
Cellular and Pseudopotential method, Fermi surface, de Haas van Alphen Effect, Cyclotron resonance,
Magnetoresistance, Quantum Hall Effect. 15 Lectures

Magnetism: Exchange interaction, Heisenberg model and molecular field theory, spin waves and
magnons, Ferri and Antiferromagnetic order, Domains and Bloch Wall energy. 10 Lectures

Superconductivity: Basic properties of superconductors, Josephson Effect, BCS theory, High

temperature superconductivity. 8 Lectures

General Electronics
Microwave Components / Devices: Attenuators, phase shifters, directional couplers, T junction,
Magic Tee, Standing wave detectors and cavity resonators (circular). Reflex klystron, TWT, Velocity
modulation, Magnetron, Cavity Magnetron, Principle of operation of magnetrons in pi-mode and
anode strapping. 15 Lectures

Photonic Devices: Radiative and non-radiative transitions, optical absorption, bulk and thin film
photoconductive devices (LDR), diode photo detectors, solar cell (open circuit voltage and short
circuit current, fill factor), LED (high frequency limit, effect of surface and indirect recombination
current, operation of LED), Blue LED, LEDs as commercial sources of lighting, diode lasers
conditions for population inversion in active region, optical gain and threshold current for lasing.
15 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Kittel,C., “Solid-State Physics”,
 Arun Kumar, “Introduction to Solid State Physics”, PHI Learning
 Aschroft, N.W. and Mermin, N. D., “Solid-State Physics”
 Verma and Srivastava, Crystallography for Solid State Physics.
 [Link] & [Link], A first course in Electronics, PHI
 Arun Kumar, Basic Electronics, BharatiBhawan
 S. O. Pillai, “Solid State Physics”, New Age International.
 Allen, Optoelectronics, Theory & Practical, McGraw Hill
 Pallabh Bhattacharya, Semiconductor Optoelectronics Devices, PHI
 Jordon & Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves & Radiating System, PHI
 Kulkarni, Microwave & Radar Engineering, Umesh Publication
 Optical Electronics, AjoyGhatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge University Press.
 Dinesh C Dube, “Microwave Devices & Applications”, Narosa Publishing House.
 Chattopadhay & Rakshit. “Electronic Fundamentals and Applications”, New Age
techno Press.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

IV. CORE COURSE PRACTICAL [CPPHY104]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL-I Practical: 60Hours

OPTICS, LASER PHYSICS LAB

1. Studies with Michelson’s Interferrometer.

(a) Determination of wavelength separation of sodium D-lines.
(b) Determination of thickness of mica sheet.

2. Studies with Fabre-Perot Etalon.

3. Studies with Edser-Butler Plate.

4. Studies of phenomena with polarized light:

(a) Verification of Brewster’s law.
(b) Verification of Fresnel’s law of reflection of plane polarized light.
(c) Analysis of elliptically polarized light using /4 plate and Babinet’s compensator.

5. Verification of Rayleigh’s criterion for the limit of resolution of spectral lines using
(a) prism spectrum and (b) grating spectrum.

6. Determination of optical constants of metal in thin film form.

7. Studies on Zeeman effect.

8. Young’s modulus determination by optical method.

9. Experiments using He-Ne laser source:

(a) Determination of laser parameters.
(b) Measurement of the angle of a wedge plate using Heidinger fringes.
(c) Determination of grating pitch using phenomena of self-imaging.
(d) Determination of wavelength with a vernier caliper.
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Session 2018-20 Onwards

9
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEMESTER II 4 Papers
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 4 = 400 Marks
I. CORE COURSE [CCPHY201]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

SPECTROSCOPY Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15 Hours

Atomic Spectra: Space quantization, Relation between angular momentum and magnetic moment,
Bohr magnetron. Fine structure of spectral lines, Term symbols of alkali and alkaline earth atoms. LS
and JJ coupling. Quantum theory of Zeeman effect (normal and anamolous), Paschen-Back effect,
Stark effect (linear and non-linear). Hyperfine structure of spectral lines, X-ray spectra characteristics
and absorption. 15 Lectures

The Rotation of the Molecule: Rotational spectra-Rigid diatomic molecule, The intensities of
spectral lines, Effect of isotopic substitution, the non-rigid rotator, Simple harmonic oscillator, The an-
harmonic oscillator, Diatomic vibrating rotator, Born Oppenheimer approximation, Techniques and
instrumentation applications. 15 Lectures

Molecular Spectra: Infrared and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules using an-harmonic oscillator,
non-rigid rotator and vibrating rotator as models. Electronic states and electronic transitions in
diatomic molecules, Frank Condon principle. 15 Lectures

Resonance Spectroscopy: Nature of spinning particle, Interaction between spin and a magnetic field,
Larmor Precession, Theory of NMR, Chemical shift-relaxation Mechanism, experimental study of
NMR, Theory and experimental study of NQR, Theory of ESR, Hyperfine structure and fine structure
of ESR, Experimental studies and applications, Mossbauer spectroscopy, Principle-Isomer shift,
Quadrupole effect, effect of magnetic field, Instrumentation applications. 15 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

10
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Laser and Holography: Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A and B coefficients, Basic
Principles of Laser, Population Inversion-Two level and Three level Laser system, optical pumping-
3+ rate equation, modes of resonator and coherence length, The Nd , YAG laser, The Neodymium
Glass laser, The CO2 Laser, Organic Dye lasers, Semi-conductor Laser, Liquid Laser. Principle of
Holography, Theory-practical applications including data storage.
15 Lectures

Books Suggested:
 Kuhn, “Atomic Spectctra”.
 Ghatak&Loknathan, “Quantum Mechanics”.
 Herzberg, Spectra of diatomic molecules
 Elements of Spectroscopy: Gupta, Kumar and Sharma, PragatiPrakashan.
 Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy: Colin and Elaine, TMH.
 Laser and Non-linear Optics: [Link], New Age Publications.
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Session 2018-20 Onwards

11
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

II. CORE COURSE [CCPHY202]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

QUANTUM MECHANICS -II

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15 Hours

Approximation Methods: The WKB approximation and its applications to one dimensional bound
system and barrier penetration problem, The vibrational method (Ritz method) and its application to
linear harmonic oscillator and helium atom, Stationary perturbation theory, non-degenerate and
degenerate cases and applications to an-harmonic oscillator; linear Stark effect; Zeeman effect and
spin-orbit coupling in the hydrogen atom. Time-dependent perturbation theory, constant perturbation
and Fermi Golden rule, harmonic perturbation (Einstein’s A and B co-efficient). 30 Lectures

Theory of Scattering: Scattering amplitude and cross-section, Partial wave analysis, Born
approximation and its validity with application to Rutherford’s α-particle scattering. 10 Lectures

Identical Particles: Many particle Schrodinger equation, The Indistinguishability principle,

Symmetric and anti-symmetric wave functions, Pauli exclusion principle, Importance of symmetry
character of wave function in the dynamics of bound system (helium atom), Hydrogen molecule
(Heitler- London theory). 15 Lectures

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: Klein-Gordon equation for free particle, Dirac equation,
Properties of Dirac matrices, Probability and current densities, Covariance of Dirac equation, Free
particle solution and negative energy states, magnetic moment and spin of electron,
Dirac equation for central field, Energy states of the hydrogen atom. 15 Lectures

Second Quantization: Number representation of fermions and bosons, Creation and annihilation
operators, Electromagnetic field in vacuum. 05 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

12
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Thankappan, V.K., “Quantum Mechanics”, Wiley Eastern
 Mathews, P.M., &Venkatesan, K., “A Text Book of Quantum Mechanics”, TMH.
 Merzbacker, E., “Quantum Mechanics”, John Wiley
 Messiah, A., “Quantum Mechanics”, North-Holland Publishing Co.
 Schiff, L.I., “Quantum Mechanics”, McGraw-Hill
 Ghatak, A., Quantum Mechanics”, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
 Agarwal, B. K., “Quantum Mechanics’, PHI
 Landau, L.D. &Lifshitz, E.M., “Quantum Mechanics”, Pergman Press
 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics by D. i. Griffiths. II Edn., pearson Education
 Also the books recommended earlier in Quantum Mechanics Course – I.

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Session 2018-20 Onwards

13
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

III. CORE COURSE [CCPHY203]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

NUCLEAR PHYSICS – I Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15Hours

Nuclear Radiation Detectors

Detection: Simple model of of detector, energy measurement, position and time measurement.
Solid State Detectors: Semiconductor detectors, Surface barrier detectors, Scintillation counters:
Organic and inorganic scintillators, Photomultiplier tubes, Gamma Ray Scintillation Spectrometer.
High Energy Particle Detectors: General principles, Nuclear emulsions, Cloud chambers, Bubble
chamber.
Nuclear Electronics: Pulse shaping, Linear amplifiers, Pulse height discriminators, Single channel
and Multichannel analyzer. 25 Lectures

Nuclear Reactor Theory

Fundamentals of Nuclear Fission: Fission fuels, Prompt and delayed neutrons, Chain reaction,
Multiplication factor, Condition for criticality, Breading phenomena.
Diffusion of neutrons: Neutron current density, The equation of continuity, Fick’s law, The
diffusion equation, Measurement of diffusion parameters. 15 Lectures

Neutron Moderation: Moderation without absorption, Energy loss in elastic collisions, Average
logarithmic energy decrement, slowing down power and moderating ratio of a medium. Slowing down
densities, Moderation- Space dependent slowing down, Fermi’s age theory, Moderation with
absorption 15 Lectures

Criticality of an Infinite Homogenous Reactor: The critical equation, Optimum reactor shapes,
Material and geometrical bucklings, Neutron balance in a thermal reactor, Four factor formula,
Calculation of critical size and composition in simple cases. 15 Lectures

Power Reactor: Fast breeder reactors, Thermo-nuclear reaction, nuclear fusion in stars, Concept of
fusion reactor. 05 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

14
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Segre, E., “Experimental Nuclear Physics”, John Wiley
 Singru, R.M., “Introduction to Experimental Nuclear Physics”, John Wiley & Sons, 1974.
 W.R. Leo, “Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments”
 Kapoor S.S and Ramamurthy V.S., “Nuclear Radiation Detectors”, New Age International
Publishers 1986.
 Syed Naeem Ahmed , “Physics and Engineering of Radiation Detection”, Academic Press,
Elsevier, 2007.
 Glasstone, S. and Edlund, M. C., “The Elements of Nuclear Reactor Theory”, Van
Nostrand Co., 1953.
 Stacey, W. M., “Nuclear Reactor Physics”
 Lamarsh, J. R., “Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory’, Addison Wesley, 1966
 Murray, L., “Introductions of Nuclear Engineering”.
 Varma, J. “NUCLEAR Physics Experiments”, New Age International Publishers 2001.
 Singru, R.M., “Introduction to Experimental Nuclear Physics” Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

15
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

IV. CORE COURSE PRACTICAL [CPPHY204]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL-II Practical: 60Hours

GENERAL ELECTRONICS AND ATOMIC & NUCLEAR PHYSICS LAB

1. ‘e/m’ measurement by Braun’s tube and by Magnetron valve method.

2. ‘e’ measurement by Millikan oil drop apparatus.
3. Design and characteristics of passive attenuators (T- and π-types)
4. BJT based voltage amplifier: design and performance study with and without negative
feedback.
5. JFET based voltage amplifier: design and performance study.
6. Half- and Full wave rectifier with and without filters
7. Series and shunt voltage regulators using Zener diode.
8. Verification of Truth table of Logic circuit using NAND gates and its DC characteristics.
9. Characterization of Photo –resister.
10. Determine the plateau characteristics of the given GM counter.
11. Verification of Inverse Square Law for Gamma-rays.
12. To measure the absorption coefficient of gamma rays in Aluminum or Copper.
13. To plot the Gaussian or normal distribution curve for background radiation.
14. Determination of dead time of the GM Counter.
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Session 2018-20 Onwards

16
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEMESTER III 4Papers
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 4 = 400 Marks

I. ABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSE [ECPHY301A]: (Credits: Theory-05)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

Paper ECPHY301 will have no theory mid-sem examination, but there will be a Practical session assessment of 30 marks.
In this paper break-up of 20 (mid-semester examination) + 5(Assignment) + 5(overall performance) will not be applicable.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

NUMERICAL METHODS AND SIMULATION

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15 Hours

Solution of Linear System: Numerical solution of algebraic equation, Iteration, Newton Raphson
method, Solution of Linear system, Direct method, Gauss, Gauss-Jordon elimination method, Matrix
inverstion and LU decomposition, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, Applications. 10 Lectures

Interpolation, Lograngeapplroximation, Newton and Chebyshev Polynomials, Least square fitting,

Application in some physical problems. 10 Lectures

Numerical Differentiation and Integration: Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation,

Iteration method, Picards method, Euler’s method and improved Euiler’s method. Introduction to
quadrature, trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule Applications. 10 Lectures

Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations: First and second order, Linear and non-linear
differential equations, Solution by method of iteration, Euler and Runge Kutta methods. Finite
difference method, Relaxation, Fourier and cyclic reduction and the
Rayleigh-Ritz method, Application to diffusion of dopant in a semiconductor, Wave equation in a
coaxial cable, Vibrating strings and membranes, Poison equation, Schrodinger equations.
15 Lectures

Monte Carlo Technique: Evaluation of single and multi-dimensional integrals, Optomization

problems, Applications to statistical mechanics, Metropolis algorithm. 05 Lectures

Simulation/ Modeling: Concept of modeling, Introduction to techniques of modeling, State variable

model of system, Model parameters and simulation using SCILAB / MATLAB / SIMULINK, Time
domain and frequency domain analysis of systems using SCIL:AB / MATLAB, Spice modeling

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

of semiconductor devices (pn diode and BJT) and programming methodology, Circuit simulation
using PSpice / LabView / ORCAD 10 Lectures

Basic programming concepts using Scilab / Matlab to solve the problems based on the following:
15 Sessions
1. Interpolation and extrapolation: Least Square Fitting.
2. Solution of simultaneous equation: Polynomial equation, Polynomial equation fitting.
3. Matrix manipulations, Matrix inversion, Eigenvalues computations.
4. Numerical integration and differentiation.
5. Ordinary boundary-value problems, Two dimensional problems.
6. Monte Carlo method and its applications, Evaluation of two and three dimensional integrals.

Books Suggested:
 Introduction to Numerical Analysis, S.S. Sastry, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
 Schaum’s Outline of Programming with C++., J. Hubbard, MCGraw-Hill Pub.
 Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing W.H Pressetal, Cambridge University
Press.
 A First Course in Numerical Methods, U.M Ascher& C. Greif, PHI Learning.
 Elementry Numerical Analysis, [Link], Wiley India Edition.
 Numerical Methods for Scientists & Engineers, R.W. Hamming, Courier Dover Pub.
 An Introduction to Computational Physics, T. Pang, Cambridge Univ.
 Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with Matlab® , Octave and Scilab, Scientific and Engineering
Applications: A.V. Wouwer, [Link], [Link]. 2014 Springer.
 Scilab by Example: M. Affouf 2012, ISBN: 978-1479203444.
 Scilab (A free Software to Matlab): [Link], A.S. Nair. 2011, [Link]& Company.
 Scilab Image Processing, Lamberr [Link], 2010 Betascript Publishing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

18
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

OR
SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSE [ECPHY301B]: (Credits: Theory-05)
Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

Paper ECPHY301 will have no theory mid-sem examination, but there will be a Practical session assessment of 30 marks.
In this paper break-up of 20 (mid-semester examination) + 5(Assignment) + 5(overall performance) will not be applicable.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES Theory: 60 Hours; Practical:15 Sessions

Sensors: Characteristics, Sensitivity, reproducibility, Sensors for displacement, Velocity,

acceleration, Strain, Temperature, Pressure, Magnetic field. 05 Lectures

Thin Film Coating: Evaporative coating, DC and plasma sputtering, Laser ablation techniques for
measuring thickness of thin film. 08 Lectures

Low Temperatures Techniques: Properties of cryogenic fluids, bath cryostat and continuous flow
cryostat, Cryogenic refrigerators, Temperature measurements, a Cryostat for resistivity measurement.
08 Lectures

High Pressure Techniques: High pressure cell for resistivity measurement, Measurement of high
pressure, Diamond anvil cell for very high pressure. 08 Lectures

Spectroscopic Techniques: IR absorption to study molecular vibrations and rotations, band gap of
semiconductors, superconducting energy gap, Visible and UV absorption for the study of electric
energy levels, defects in solids etc. Raman effect for the study of molecular vibrations and vibrations
in solids, Main components of spectrometers, Sources, Dispersing element and detector, IR, UV,
Visible absorption spectra, Description of Raman spectrometer and Raman spectra.
08 Lectures

NMR and EPR Spectrometers: Principle of operation, Basic components of the spectrometer,
Typical NMR and EPR spectra and applications. 08 Lectures

X-ray Diffraction Techniques and Electron Microscope: Principle of x-ray diffraction, Bragg’s law
and Laue pattern, Powder diffraction method, Transmission and Scanning electron microscopes and
applications. 08 Lectures

Surface Probe Techniques: Principle of AFM, STM, MFM and applications. 07 Lectures
Lab Work for this Course: Fabrication of thin film using evaporation and sputtering technique,
Raman spectra analysis if a sample, Study of EPR and NMR spectra, Study of X-ray diffraction
pattern of powder sample, SEM photograph studies 15 Sessions

Session 2018-20 Onwards

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P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Molecular Spectroscopy, An Introduction, Jagmohan, Narosa Publication.
 Advanced level Physics Practical, Michael Nelson and Jon [Link], 4th Edn, Reprint 1985,
Heinemann Educational Publishers.
 Advanced Practical Physics for Students, [Link] & H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia Publishing.
 Introduction to Measurement and Instrumentation, [Link], 3rd Edn., PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
 A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, 11th Edn. 2011, Kitab Mahal,
New Delhi.
 Measurement, Instrumentation and Experiment Design in Physics & Engineering, [Link], and
[Link], 2005, PHI Learning.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

20
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

IV. CORE COURSE [CCPHY302]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

STATISTICAL PHYSICS Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial:15 Hours

Quantum Ensemble Theory: Micro-canonical Canonical and Grand Canonical ensembles, Phase
space, Distribution functions, Partition function and relationship to thermodynamic quantities,
Fluctuations in energy, particle density, Pressure and volume, Equivalence of ensembles.
12 Lectures
Quantum Statistics: Equation of state of ideal Fermi and Bose gases, Degenerate electron gas and
specific heat, Degenerate Bose gas, Bose-Einstein condensation, Evaluation of constant α and β and
its thermodynamics interpretation, Thermal properties of Bose- Einstein and liquid He 4, the Lambda
transition, two fluid model, Black body distribution [Link] matrix and classical limit for N-
particles partition function. 16 Lectures

Imperfect Gases:Classical and Quantum cluster expansion, Virial equation of state, Virial
coefficients in classical limit, Second Virial coefficients for hard-sphere and square-well potentials.
10 Lectures
Phase Transitions: Ising model, Bragg-Williums Approximation, Mean field theories of the Ising
model In three, two and one dimensions, Exact solutions in one dimension, Landau theory of phase
transition, Critical indices, Scale transformation and dimensional analysis. 12 Lectures

High-Density Gases: Thermo-ionic and photoelectric emission, Spin Para-magnetism, Landau

Diamagnetism, Equation of state at very high density, Equilibrium of bodies of large mass,
Chandrasekhar mass limit, White dwarf and neutron stars. 10 Lectures

Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics: Boltzman Transport equation, Boltzman H-theorem,

Equations of motion in classical mechanics, Time correlation function, Linear response theory,
Electrical conduction, Langevin’s equation and Brownian motion, Debye theory of dielectric
relaxation. Motion due to fluctuating force. The Fokker-Planck Equation, Solution on Fokker-Planck
Equation. 15 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

21
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Sinha, S.K., “Statistical Mechanics”,
 Kerson & Huang, “Statistical Mechanics”,
 Friedman, H.L., “A Course in Statistical Mechanics”,
 McQuarrie, D.A., “Statistical Mechanics”,
 Landau, L, &Liefshitz, “Statistical Mechanics”, Pergaman Press.
 Statistical Mechanics, [Link], Bufferworgh Heinemann
 Fundamental of Statistical and Thermal Physics, [Link], McGraw Hill International Edition.
 Fundamental of Statistical Mechanics, B.B. Laud, New Age International Pub.
 [Link] & [Link], “Statistical Mechanics”.
 Hill, T.L., “Statistical Mechanics”,
 Gupta & Kumar, “Statistical Mechanics”,
 Agrawal, B.K., Statistical Mechanics.
 Prakash Satya & Agrawal J.P., “Thermodynamics Statistical Physics & Kinetics”
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

22
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

V. CORE COURSE [CCPHY303]: (Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):
There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

NUCLEAR PHYSICS –II Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

Fundamental Properties of Nuclei: Electric moments and magnetic moments of nucleous,

Measurement of magnetic moment of neutron, proton and nuclear magnetic moments, Parity and
statics of nucleus, i-spin formalism. 15 Lectures

Two-Nucleon Forces: Theory of ground state of the deuteron, Partial wave analysis of low energy n-p
and p-p scattering, Effective range theory of low energy n-p and p-p scattering, Coherent n-p
scattering and spin dependence of nuclear force, Exchange forces and tensor forces, Meson theory of
nuclear force,Yukawa interaction, Charge independence and charge symmetry of nuclear forces.
15 Lectures

Nuclear Structure (models): Single particle shell model and its successes, Semi-empirical formula of
Weizsaker energy, β-activity of isobars, Liquid-drop model and Bohr-Wheeler theory of fission,
Collective model of Bohr and Mottelson. 15 Lectures

Nuclear Interactions and Nuclear Reactions: Compound nucleus theory, Resonance reaction, Breit
Wigner dispersion formula for l=0 neutrons, Weak interaction-phenomenon of β-decay; Fermi’s
theory; selection rules for β transition; parity non-conservation in β decay. Experimental
demonstration. 15 Lectures

Particle Physics: Fundamental interactions, Conservation laws, Discrete symmetries - parity; charge
conjugation and time reversal; G parity and CPT theorem, Internal symmetries -Isospin formalism;
SU2 and SU3 groups and their applications to multiplet mesons and baryons; Quark model -Gell
Mann - Okubo mass formula for octet and decuplet hadrons - charm, bottom and top quarks, Gluons
as mediators of strong interaction. 15 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

23
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Introductory nuclear Physics by Kenneth S. Krane, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008.
 Concepts of nuclear physics by Bernard L. Cohen, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1998.
 Introduction to Elementary Particles by D. Griffith, John Wiley & Sons
 Introductory Nuclear Physics by S.S.M. Wong, PHI
 Theoretical Nuclear Physics by J.M. Blatt, & V.F. Weisskoff, John Wiley
 Introduction to Nuclear Physics by H.A. Enge, Addison Wesley
 Nuclear Physics by R.R. Roy, &[Link], John Wiley
 Introductory Nuclear Theory by L.R.B Elton, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd.
 Physics of the Nucleus byM.A. Preston, Addison Wesley
 Quarks and Leptons by F. Halzen and A.D. Martin, Wiley India, New Delhi
 Basic ideas and concepts in Nuclear Physics - An Introductory Approach byK. Heyde (IOP- Institute
of Physics Publishing, 2004).
 Introduction to the physics of nuclei & particles by R.A. Dunlap. Thomson Asia, 2004.
 The Atomic Nucleus by R.D. Evans, TMH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

24
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

IV. CORE COURSE PRACTICAL [CPPHY304]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto60%, 1mark; 60<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL-III Practical: 60Hours

GENERAL EXPERIMENTAL LAB

1. Frank Hertz Experiment.

2. Experiment with Hall apparatus.
3. Four-Probe set up for mapping the resistivity of large sample.
4. Measurement of magneto resistance of semiconductor sample.
5. Measurement of Susceptibility of paramagnetic solution by Quinke's tube method.
6. Study of the energy band gap and diffusion potential of p-n junction.
7. Study of Multi-vibrator.
8. Study of Characteristics of Semiconductor diodes: Si, Ge, Zener and LED.
9. Study of an Integrated Circuit Regulator.
10. Two Probe method for resistivity measurement of insulators at different temperatures
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

25
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEMESTER IV 4 Papers
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 4 = 400 Marks
I. GENERIC/DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY401A]:
(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)
Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):
There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

NANOPHYSICS AND NANOMATERIALS – I

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours
Nanophysics: Introduction to nanophysics and quantum size effect, Dimensionalities and density of
states, Optical and transport properties of two-dimensional electron gas formed at heterostructures and
within novel grapheme monolayers with internal folds, Quantum Hall effects, Physics of one-
dimensional electron systems including carbon nanotubes and semiconductor nanowires, Fundamental
Physics of zero-dimensional electron system, Single electron effects, Quantum dots and nanocrystals,
Fundamental principles and applications of scanning tunneling microscopy in the study of
nanophysics. 25 Lectures

Synthesis of Nanomaterials: Top down and Bottom up approach, Synthetic procedures and their
significance, Types of nanomaterials synthesis processes, ROHS and WEEE guideness, Physics
method, Photolithography, Advanced Ceramics (Solid State reaction method), Ball milling method,
Chemical method, Co-precipitation technique, So-gel method, Soft chemical technique (citrate
tertarate, etc.), Hydrothermal method, Bio-chemical method, Thin film technology, Thermal
Evaporation method, Sputtering (RF and DC), Spray pyrolysis method, Spin coating method,
Pulsed laser deposition method, Vaccum arc discharge, Chemical vapor deposition method (CVD),
MOCVD, MBE, Ion beam deposition, Electron-beam lithography. MBE growth of quantum dots.
30 Lectures
Characterization Technique: Introductory remarks, Structural, X-ray and neutron diffraction, XPS,
Electron beam techniques, Scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope,
Scanning Tunneling Microscope, Atomic Force Microscope, Photo luminescence Cathodo-
luminescence, Electro-luminescence, UV-visible and Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometry,
Thermal analysis, Thermogravimetry analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimeter, Dielectric and
Impedance analysis, Magnetic measurements. 20 Lectures
Session 2018-20 Onwards
26
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 [Link], Jr. Frank [Link], Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.)
 [Link], Nanotechnology, Principle & Practices (Capital Publishing Company).
 [Link] and [Link], Introduction to Nanoscience& Technology (PHI Learning
Private Limited)
 Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
 M. Hosokawa, K. Nogi, M. Natia, [Link], Nanoparticle Technology Hanbook (Elsevier,
2007)
 Bharat Bhushan, Springer Hanbook of Nanotechnology (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2004).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OR
GENERIC/DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY401B]:
(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)
Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.

(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION – I

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours
Operational Amplifier: Operational amplifier (op amp) types, salient features, parameters and
modeling, Voltage op amp based circuits such as:
- Instrumentation amplifier (IA)
- Negative impedance converter (NIC)
- Inductance simulation
- Precision rectification
- Active Butterworth low pass, high pass and band pass 2nd order filters
- Simulation of differential equations
- Analog multiplier and its use in integer power generation, frequency multiplication,
divider and generation of fractional powers
- D/A and A/D converters 20 Lectures

Current Conveyor: Current conveyor types, their salient features, modeling and simple applications
in realizing bandwidth independent gain amplifier, Current conveyor based differentiator, integrator,
adder and instrumentation amplifier, Advantages of current conveyor based circuits over the
conventional voltage op amp based circuits. 08 Lectures
Session 2018-20 Onwards
27
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

BJT Logic Families: TTL logic NAND gate circuit, ECL logic OR/NOR gate circuit, analysis and
evaluation of logic parameters. 08 Lectures

MOS Logic Families: NMOS inverter circuit and its analysis with linear and non-linear loads,
CMOS inverter. 06 Lectures
Radar: Basic arrangement of radar system, Azimuth and range measurement, Operating
characteristics of a radar system, Derivation of radar range equation. 08 Lectures

Antenna: Antenna action, Short electric doublet, Linear array of n isotropic sources of equal
amplitude and spacing, Broad-side array, Ordinary end-fire array, End fire array with increased
directivity, Beam width of the main loab, Yagi antenna, Resonant and non-resonant array arrangement
15 Lectures
Satellite Communication: Orbital and geostationary satellites, Orbital patterns, Look angles,
Satellite system, Link modules. 10 Lectures

Books Suggested:
 A first course in Electronics, [Link] & [Link], Prentice Hall India.
 Basic Electronics, Arun Kumar, Bharati Bhawan
 Millman & Brabel, “Microelectronics”, McGraw-Hill (International Students’ Edition).
 Mitchell & Mitchell, “Introduction to Electronics Design”, Prentice-Hall of India.
 Nagrath, “Electronics: Analog and Digital”, Prentice-Hall of India.
 Soclof, “Design and Applications of Analog Integrated Circuits”, Prentice-Hall of India.
 Gayakwad, “Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits”,3/e, Prentice-Hall of India
 Sedra& Smith, “Microelectronic Circuits”, 3/e, Sounders College Publishing.
 Microwave and Radar Engineering Kulkarni, Umesh Publication.
 Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems: Jordan, PHI
 Hand Book of Electronics, Gupta & Kumar, Pragati Prakashan, Merrut.
 Electronics Communications: Roddy Coolen, PHI
 Electronic Communication: Kennedy & Davis, TMH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

28
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

OR
GENERIC/ DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY401C]:
(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):
There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS -I Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

X-ray Diffraction Theory: Coherent and incoherent scattering, Derivation of Laue equations and
expression for structure factor, Data reduction. 08 Lectures

Crystal Structure Determination: The phase problem in crystallography, Electron density as Fourier
transform of structure factor and vice versa, Techniques to solve the phase problem –
Fourier and Patterson methods, Heavy atom technique, The Single Isomorphous Replacement (SIR)
and Multiple Isomorphous Replacement (MIR) techniques, Anomalous scattering technique, Direct
methods. 22 Lectures

Experimental Techniques: The Weissenberg and Precession methods, The Diffractometer, Area
Detector and Image Plate. 10 Lectures

Fermi Surface: Construction of Fermi surface, Zone schemes, Electron, hole and open orbits,
Cyclotron resonance. Determination of Fermi surface – Quantization of orbits in magnetic field; de-
Hass – van-Alfen effect; External orbits; Outline of other methods. 10 Lectures

Phonons: Harmonic crystals, Crystal potential; Harmonic and adiabatic approximations; Normal
modes and phonons; Phonon spectrum by neutron scattering; Crystal momentum. Anharmonic
crystals, Anharmonicity, Lattice thermal conductivity, Umklapp process; Second sound.
10 Lectures

Magnetism: Interaction of solids with magnetic fields, Magnetization density and susceptibility,
Calculation of atomic susceptibility, Susceptibility of insulators (Larmor diamagnetism), Ground
state of ions with partially filled shells (Hund’s rule), van Vleckpara magnetism, Curie laws for free
ions and solids, Pauli paramagnetism, Conduction electron diamagnetism, Exchange interaction,
Ferromagnetic domains, Anisotropy energy, Thickness and energy of Bloch walls, Ising model,
Bragg-Williams approximation, Solution of Ising problem for a linear chain. 15 Lectures
Session 2018-20 Onwards
29
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Philips, “An Introduction to Crystallography”,
 Woolfson, M.M., “An Introduction to X-ray Crystallography”,
 International Tables for X-ray Crystallography, Vol. I
 Verma, A. R. & Krishna, P., “Polymorphism and Polytypism”,
 Kittel,C., “Solid-State Physics”,
 Raghavan, V., “Material Science and Engineering”.
 Aschroft, N.W. and Mermin, N. D., “Solid-State Physics”.
 Bunger, M.J., “Crystal Structure Analysis”.
 Bunger, M.J., “X-ray Crystallography”.
 Staut & Jenson, “A Practical Guide to X-ray Crystal Structure Determination”
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

30
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

II. GENERIC/DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY402A]:

(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)
Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

NANOPHYSICS AND NANOMATERIALS – II

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours
Optical Properties: Coulomb interaction in nanostructures, Concept of dielectric constant for
nanostructures and charging of nanostructure, Quasi-particles and excitons, Excitons in direct and
indirect band gap semiconductor Nano-crystals, Quantitative treatment of quasi-particles and
excitons, charging effects, Radiative processes, General formalization, absorption, emission and
luminescence, Optical properties of hetero-structure and nanostructures. 20 Lectures

Electron Transport: Electrical properties of Polymers, Ceramics, Dielectrics and Amorphous

Materials, Electrical conduction in Metals, Alloys and Semiconductors, Band structure, Carrier
transport in nanostructures, Coulomb blockade effect, thermionic emission, tunneling and hoping
conductivity, Defects and impurities, Deep level and surface defects. 20 Lectures

Magnetic Properties of Materials: Classification of magnetic materials, Magnetic materials of

technical importance, Magnetization processes, Superparamagnetism, Magnetic domain structure,
Superconductivity, Phenomenology of superconductivity. 10 Lectures

Applications: Applications of nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires and thin films for photonic
devices (LED, Solar Cells). Single electron devices (no derivation). CNT based transistors.
Nanomaterial Devices, Quantum dots hetero-structure lasers, optical switching and optical data
storage. Magnetic quantum well, magnetic dots – magnetic data storage, Micro Electromechanical
systems (NEMS), Nano, Electromechanical Systems (NEMS).Integrated optical devices,
SQUIDS, Spintronic devices, Ferroelectric, Pyro-electric, Piezoelectric and electro-optic devices.
25 Lectures
Books Suggested:

SAME AS IN ECPHY401A
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

31
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

OR
GENERIC/DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY402B]:
(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)

Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):
There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION – II

Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

Transmission Line: Types of transmission line, distributed parameters, voltage and current relations
on a radio frequency transmission line with respect to sending and receiving ends, propagation
constant (γ), attenuation constant (α) and phase constant (β), expressions for α and β , transmission
line distortion and attenuation, conditions for no distortion, low distortion and low loss, line
termination across a short circuit, open circuit pure resistance and complex impedance, quarter wave
and half wave lines and their impedance matching properties. 20 Lectures

Wave Guide: Field expression for propagating TE and TM waves in hollow circular cylindrical wave
guides, Impossibility of TEM waves in hollow wave guide, Attenuation in wave guides and Q-factor.
10 Lectures

Fiber Optic Communication: Principle of light transmission in a fiber. Light sources for fiber optic
communication, Effect of index profile on propagation, Modes of propagation, Number of modes a
fiber may support, Single mode fiber (SMF),Losses in fibers. 15 Lectures

Microprocessor Architecture: 8085 Microprocessor Architecture, Real Mode and protected modes
of memory addressing, memory paging.
Addressing Modes: Data addressing modes, Program memory addressing modes, stack memory
addressing modes.
Instruction Set: Data movement instructions, arithmetic and logic instructions, Program control
instruction, Assembler details. Interrupts: Basic interrupt processing, Hardware interrupt.
Expanding the interrupt structure 8259A PIC.
Direct Memory Access: Basic DMA operation, 8237 DMA controller, Shared Bus operation Disk
Memory systems. 30 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

32
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Miah, “Fundamentals of Electromagnetic”, TMH
 Mano, “Computer System Architecture”, Prentice-Hall of India.
 Goankar, Microprocessors Architecture, Programming & Applications with 8085,
 Senior, “Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice”, 2/e, Prentice-Hall.
 Jordon &Balmain, “Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems”, Prentice-Hall of India.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OR
GENERIC/ DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE [ECPHY402C]:
(Credits: Theory-04, Tutorial-01)
Marks: 30 (MSE: 20Th. 1Hr + 5Attd. + 5Assign.) + 70 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks (MSE:17 + ESE:28)=45

Instruction to Question Setter:

Mid Semester Examination (MSE):

There will be two groups of questions in written examinations of 20 marks. Group A is compulsory and will contain five
questions of very short answer type consisting of 1 mark each. Group B will contain descriptive type five questions of five
marks each, out of which any three are to be answered.

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two groups of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of five questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to be answered.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations

The Mid Semester Examination shall have three components. (a) Two Semester Internal Assessment Test (SIA) of
20 Marks each, (b) Attendance/ regular interactions of 05 marks and (c) Seminar/ assignment of 05 marks. “Better of
Two” shall be applicable for computation of marks for SIA.
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS -II Theory: 60 Hours; Tutorial: 15 Hours

I. Phase Transformation and Diagrams: phase rule, single component system, Binary phase
system, lever rule, Nucleation and growth, Nucleation kinetics, Growth and overall
transformation kinetics and applications to steel and glass 10 Lectures
II. ESR: basic theory, relaxation mechanism, Effect of spin-orbit coupling and crystal fields on g
values, Fine and hyperfine structures, Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), General features of
FMR, Shape effect in FMR, Antiferromagnetic resonance. 10 Lectures
III. NMR: Basic theory, Spin lattice relaxation, Bloch equation and their steady state solutions,
General features of NMR spectra, Chemical shifts, Fine structure due to spin-spin coupling,
Application to molecular structure and bondings. 10 lectures
IV. Superconductivity: BCS theory of superconductivity, Cooper pairs, superconducting ground
state, Flux quantization in superconducting ring, Quasi-particles and energy gaps, Temperature
dependence of energy gaps, London equation, Coherence length, Persistent current, Single
particle tunneling, Josephson tunneling, Josephson effects (AC and DC), Microscopic quantum
interference, Qualitative idea of high temperature superconductors, Critical fields and moments.
15 Lectures
V. Thin Films: Deposition techniques, thermal, electron and sputtering methods, metallic
semiconductor and insulator thin films and their electrical, electronic and optical properties.
Magnetic superconducting thin films and applications. 15 Lectures
VI. Dielectrics: Structure of dielectrics, Polarization mechanism, Effect of temperature and
frequency. Effect of conduction (ionic and electronic) in dielectrics, Dielectric losses and
breakdown, Electrets and MIM. 15 Lectures

Session 2018-20 Onwards

33
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Books Suggested:
 Crystallography - Philips
 Solid State chernistry-Garner (Butterworth; London)
 Solid State Chemistry -[Link] (New Age int Publication)
 Solid State Chemistry- N. BHannay (Prentice Hall, New Jersay)
 Physical Chemistry- Waller J. Moore
 Principles of polymer chemistry Cornell , P. J. Flory (Univ. Press)
 Handbook of Conducting Polymers Vol I & II" T A. Skolhia
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. GE/DC PRACTICAL [EPPHY403A]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL –IV
NANOPHYSICS AND NANOMATERIALS

1. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles by chemical route.

2. Synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticle.
3. Surface Plasmon study of metal nanoparticles by UV-Visible spectrophotometer.
4. XRD pattern of nanomaterials and estimation of particle size.
5. To study the effect of size on color of nanomaterials.
6. To prepare composite of CNTs with other materials.
7. Growth of quantum dots by thermal evaporation.
8. Prepare a disc of ceramic of a compound using ball milling, pressing and sintering and study its
XRD.
9. Fabricate a thin film of nanoparticles by spin coating (or chemical route) and study
transmittance spectra in UV-Visible region.
10. Prepare a thin film capacitor and measure capacitance as a function of temperature or
frequency.
11. Fabricate a PN diode by diffusing Al over the surface of N-type Si and study its V-I
characteristic.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

34
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

OR
GE/DC PRACTICAL [EPPHY403B]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL –IV
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION LAB

1. Operational amplifier parameters measurements and their dependence on frequency.

2. Basic operational amplifier configurations: inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, voltage
follower, differentiator, integrator and instrumentation amplifier.
3. Butterworth second order active low pass and high pass filters.
4. Studies on second order band-pass and band-elimination active filters.
5. Design and study of Wein bridge oscillator circuit.
6. Design and study of op amp based square wave oscillator.
7. To draw the characteristic curve of SCR and to determine its holding voltage, holding current
and break-over voltage
8. Use of IC 555 timer.
9. To simulate electronic circuits using PSpice.
10. BCD adder and subtractor.
11. Precision rectification: half- and full- wave.
12. DIAC and TRIAC characteristics and applications.
13. Studies on the polar pattern of microwave transmitting horn antenna.
14. Familiarity with microwave components, microwave propagation in hollow rectangular wave-
guide and measurement of dielectric constant in X-band.
15. Amplitude modulation and demodulation.
16. Studies on Phase Locked Loop (PLL) IC 565 and its use in frequency multiplication.
17. Design, construct and test electronically regulated power supplies using Zener diode, 3-pin
regulators (78xx/79xx) and IC 723.
18. Design and study of the characteristics of TTL logic NAND gate and the evaluation of its
parameters.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

35
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

OR
GE/DC PRACTICAL [EPPHY403C]: (Credits: Practical-05)

Marks: 30 (ESE: 20 Viva + 5Attd. + 5 Record) + 70 (ESE Pr: 6Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Instruction to Question Setter:

End Semester Practical Examination (ESE Pr):

The questions in practical examination will be of equal to 70 marks and will be so framed that the students are able to
answer them within the stipulated time. 20 marks will be awarded on the performance in viva voce whereas 10 marks will
be awarded on cumulative assessment which is further subdivided as 5 marks for Practical record and 5 marks for
Attendance.

Note:
(Attendance Upto75%, 1mark; 75<Attd.<80, 2 marks; 80<Attd.<85, 3 marks; 85<Attd.<90, 4 marks; 90<Attd, 5 marks ).

PRACTICAL –IV

CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS LAB

1. Studies on semiconductors: 4-Probe method for the determination of band gap and the
dependence of resistivity on temperature.
2. Hall Effect study: Hall co-efficient, carrier concentration and carrier mobility.
3. Electrical properties of thin film samples.
4. ESR study.
5. Determination of magnetic parameters of some minerals using hysteresis loop tracer.
6. Crystal structure analysis using 3D – X-ray diffraction data (Data supplied).
(a) Use of heavy atom technique.
(b) Use of Direct Methods.
(c) Computation of 3 –D Fourier and its interpretation.
(d) Computation of Bond length, bond angle and H-bond & other geometrical parameters of
known structures.
(e) ORTEP plot of molecule.
7. Determination of polarazibality of sugar solution.
8. Determination of magnetic susceptibility using Guoy’s method.
9. Determination of Curie temperature by dielectric constant apparatus.
10. Determination of modulus of rigidity and internal friction by modulus of rigidity apparatus.
11. Study of impedance spectrometry of a given sample using LCR meter.
12. Study of temperature dependence of Hall coefficient.
13. Synthesis of materials under different stoichiometric ratio.
14. Study of absorption pattern of a given sample using FTIR spectrometer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

36
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

VI. CORE COURSE (PROJECT) [PRPHY404]: (Credits: 05)

Marks : 100 (ESE: 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks =45

Guidelines to Examiners for

End Semester Examination (ESE):

Overall project dissertation may be evaluated under the following heads:

 Motivation for the choice of topic
 Project dissertation design
 Methodology and Content depth
 Results and Discussion
 Future Scope & References
 Participation in Internship programme with reputed organization
 Application of Research technique in Data collection
 Report Presentation
 Presentation style
 Viva-voce

PROJECT WORK
Each student must submit two copies of the dissertation work duly forwarded by the Head of the
Department and duly signed by the supervisor concerned. The forwarded copies will be
submitted in the Department of Physics, Ranchi University, for evaluation (Seven days before the
seminar).
The paper will consist of
(a) Field work/Lab work related to the project.
(b) Preparation of dissertation based on the work undertaken.
(c) Presentation of project work in the seminar on the assigned topic in the P.G.
Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi & open viva there on.

Topics
Each students shall have to complete a project work on any topic of his choice, but relevant to
the frontier area of Science and Technology, or on a topic allotted by his/her Project
Guide/Supervisor/Department in Semester -IV. This is compulsory and the candidates shall ensure
that his project is on a relevant topic completed by him independently with the help and inputs from
his/her guide/supervisor. Other guidelines pertaining to this paper shall be provided by the
department.

NB:- Students will select topics for the project work in consultation with a teacher of the department.
The Seminar will be held in the Department of Physics, Ranchi University, Ranchi.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Session 2018-20 Onwards

37
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

DISTRIBUTION OF CREDITS FOR P.G. PROGRAMME (SEMESTER-WISE) FOR

POSTGRADUATE ‘P.G. Voc./[Link]./M.A./[Link]’ PROGRAMME

Table B-1: Semester wise distribution of 80 Credits for Subjects with Practical Papers.

Semester CC FC GE/DC AE Total credits

Semester I 15 05 20

Semester II 20 20

Semester III 15 05 20

Semester IV 5 15 20

55 05 15 05 80

Table B-1: Semester wise distribution of 80 Credits for Subjects without Practical Papers.

Semester CC FC GE/DC AE Total credits

Semester I 15 05 20

Semester II 20 20

Semester III 15 05 20

Semester IV 10 10 20

60 05 10 05 80

CC=Core Course; FC=Foundation Compulsory/Elective Course; GE=Generic Elective; SE=Skill Enhancement Course; DC=Discipline
Centric Elective

Session 2018-20 Onwards

38
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR SGPA & CGPA FOR POSTGRADUATE ‘P.G.

Voc./[Link]./M.A./[Link]’ PROGRAMME
Table B-2: Sample calculation for SGPA for [Link]./M.A./[Link] Programme

Course Credit Grade Letter Grade Point Credit Point SGPA

(Credit X Grade) (Credit
Point/Credit)
Semester I
FC 05 A 8 40
C-1 05 B+ 7 35
C-2 05 B 6 30
C-3/CP 05 B 6 30
Total 20 135 6.60 (135/20)
Semester II
C-4 05 B 6 30
C-5 05 C 5 25
C-6 05 B+ 7 35
C-7/CP 05 A+ 9 45
Total 20 135 6.60 (135/20)
Semester III
EC-1 05 A+ 9 45
C-8 05 0 10 50
C-9 05 A 8 40
C-10/CP 05 A 8 40
Total 20 175 8.75 (175/20)
Semester IV
EC-2/EC-2 05 B 6 30
EC-3/EC-3 05 A+ 9 45
C11/EP 05 B 6 30
Project 05 A+ 9 45
Total 20 150 7.50 (150/20)
CGPA
Grand Total 80 595 7.44 (595/80)

Table B-3: Sample calculation for CGPA for P.G. Vocational [Link]./M.A./[Link] Programme

Semester I Semester II Semester III Semester IV

Credit:20; SGPA:6.60 Credit:20; SGPA: 6.60 Credit:20; SGPA: 8.75 Credit:20; SGPA: 7.50

Thus CGPA= (20x6.60+20x6.60+20x8.75+20x7.50) /80=7.36

Session 2018-20 Onwards

39
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR EXAMINATIONS AND FORMAT OF QUESTION PAPERS

Distribution of Marks for Mid Semester Evaluation:

Table No. 15: Distribution of marks of Theory Examinations of Mid Semester

Group-A Group-B Total No. of
(Very short answer type (Descriptive Questions to Set
Pass
Topic Code Full Marks Time Compulsory Questions) Questions)
Marks Group Group
No. of Questions x Marks = No. of Questions x
A B
F.M. Marks = F.M.

30
Mid
T30* 17 1 Hr 5 x1 =5 3 (out of 5) x5 =15 05 5
Sem*
(20 +5 +5)

*There shall be 20 marks theory examination for mid sem, 05 marks for attendance/
regular interactions & 05 marks for seminar/ assignment/ term paper given by faculty
concerned in classrooms.

Distribution of Marks for End Semester Theory Examinations:

Table No. 16: Marks distribution of Theory Examinations of End Semester

Total No. of
Group-A# Group-B Questions to Set
(Very short answer type (Descriptive
Pass
Topic Code Full Marks Time Compulsory Questions) Questions)
Marks
No. of Questions x Marks No. of Questions x
= F.M. Marks = F.M. Group Group
A# B

T50 50 -- 3 Hrs 2 x5 =10 2 (out of 3) x20 =40 2 3

End
Sem

T70 70 28 3 Hrs [Link].1 (5x1) + 1x5 =10 4 (out of 6) x15 =60 2 6

# Question No.1 in Group-A carries very short answer type questions of 1 Mark

Note : There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations.

Session 2018-20 Onwards

40
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

FORMAT OF QUESTION PAPER FOR MID SEM EXAMINATION

20 MARKS

Ranchi University, Ranchi

Mid Sem No. Exam Year
Subject/ Code
F.M. =20 Time=1Hr.

General Instructions:
lekU; funsZ”k %

i. Group A carries very short answer type compulsory questions.

([kaM *A* esa vR;ar y?kq mÙkjh; vfuok;Z iz”u gSaA)
ii. Answer 3 out of 5 subjective/ descriptive questions given in Group B.
([kaM *B* ds ik¡p esa ls fdUgha rhu fo‘k;fu‘B@ [Link] iz”uksa ds mÙkj nsaA)
iii. Answer in your own words as far as practicable.
(;FkklaHko vius “kCnksa essa mÙkj nsaA)
iv. Answer all sub parts of a question at one place.
(,d iz”u ds lHkh Hkkxksa ds mÙkj ,d lkFk fy[ksaA)
v. Numbers in right indicate full marks of the question.
([Link] nk;ha vksj fy[ks x;s gSaA)
Group A
1. ............... [5x1=5]
2. ...............
3. ...............
4. ...............
5. ...............
Group B
6. ............... [5]
7. ............... [5]
8. ............... [5]
9. ............... [5]
10. ............... [5]

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examination.

Session 2018-20 Onwards

41
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

FORMAT OF QUESTION PAPER FOR END SEM EXAMINATION

50 MARKS

Ranchi University, Ranchi

End Sem No. Exam Year
Subject/ Code
F.M. =50

General Instructions:
i. Group A carries very short answer type compulsory questions.
ii. Answer 2 out of 3 subjective/ descriptive questions given in Group B.
([kaM *B* ds rhu esa ls fdUgha nks fo‘k;fu‘B@ [Link] iz”uksa ds mÙkj nsaA)
iii. Answer in your own words as far as practicable.
(;FkklaHko vius “kCnksa essa mÙkj nsaA)
iv. Answer all sub parts of a question at one place.
(,d iz”u ds lHkh Hkkxksa ds mÙkj ,d lkFk fy[ksaA)
v. Numbers in right indicate full marks of the question.
([Link] nk;ha vksj fy[ks x;s gSaA)
Group A
1. ............... [5]
2. ............... [5]
Group B
3. ............... [20]
4. ............... [20]
5. ............... [20]

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examination.

Session 2018-20 Onwards

42
P.G. PHYSICS CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

FORMAT OF QUESTION PAPER FOR END SEM EXAMINATION

70 MARKS

Ranchi University, Ranchi

End Sem No. Exam Year
Subject/ Code
F.M. =70 P.M.=28 Time=3Hrs.

General Instructions:
i. Group A carries very short answer type compulsory questions.
ii. Answer 4 out of 6 subjective/ descriptive questions given in Group B.
([kaM *B* ds N% esa ls fdUgha pkj fo‘k;fu‘B@ [Link] iz”uksa ds mÙkj nsaA)
iii. Answer in your own words as far as practicable.
(;FkklaHko vius “kCnksa essa mÙkj nsaA)
iv. Answer all sub parts of a question at one place.
(,d iz”u ds lHkh Hkkxksa ds mÙkj ,d lkFk fy[ksaA)
v. Numbers in right indicate full marks of the question.
([Link] nk;ha vksj fy[ks x;s gSaA)
Group A
1. [5x1=5]
i. ...............
ii. ...............
iii. ...............
iv. ...............
v. ...............
2. ............... [5]
Group B
3. ............... [15]
4. ............... [15]
5. ............... [15]
6. ............... [15]
7. ............... [15]
8. ............... [15]
Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examination.

Session 2018-20 Onwards

43