1.
Constant Rule
If f(x) = c where c is any real number then f’(x)=0 the derivative of a constant is
0
Examples: Answer:
1. f(x) = - 5 1. f ‘ (x) = 0
2. f(x) = 420 2. f ‘ (x) = 0
3. f(x) = 999 3. f ‘ (x) = 0
2. Power Rule
If f(x)=x^n for any number n the f’(x)= nx^n-1 the derivative of f’(x)= x^ n
found by multiplying the exponent n to x raised to n-1
Examples: Answer:
dy −2/ 3 2
1. - 3 x
−5 /3
1. dx ( x )=¿
x5 + x 4 −x 3 dy 2
[Link] y = x 2
,then
dx = 2. 3 x +2 x - 1
3 2
3.f(x)= x + x + x +1, 3. f’ (x)+ 3 x 2+ 2 x +1
what is the rule for f(x)?
3. Constant Times a function
Let c be any constant. If g(x)= cf(x) then g’(x)= cf’(x). The derivative of a
constant times a function is the constant times the derivative of the function.
Examples: Answer:
d
1. dx (3 x 7 ¿ 1.21 x 6
d 5
2. dx (5 x ) 2. 25 x 4
d 4
3. dx ( 4 x ) 3.16 x 3
4. Sum or difference Rule
If f(x)=u(x) ± v(x) then f’(x) u’(x) ± v’(x). The derivative of a sum of difference of
functions is the sum or difference of their derivatives.
Example: Answer:
1. f ( x )=2 x 4 +3 x5 1.8x +15x4
3
2 f ( x )=4 x 3 +6 x 4 2. 12x2+24x2
3 f ( x )=5 x 4 −3 x 4 3. 20x3-12x3
5. Product Rule
If f(x)=U(x) •V(x), and If U’(x) and V’(x) both exist, then f’(x)=U(x) •V(x) + V(x)
•U’(x). The derivative of a product of two functions is equal to the first
function times the derivatives of the second plus the second function times the
derivative of the first.
Example: Answer:
1. f ( x )=¿ (6x+5)(7x-4) 1. f ' ( x )=¿66x-4
=(6x+5)(4)+(7x—4)(6)
=24x+20 + 42x-24
=66x-4
2. f ( x )=¿ 5+4)(4x-2) 2. f ( x )=¿ 15x5-10x4+16
=(x5+4)(4) + (4x-2)(5x4)
=4x5+ 16+10x5-10x4
=15x5-10x4+16
3. f ( x )=¿ (6x-8x4)(8+x2) 3. f ( x )=¿ (6x-32x3)(8+x2) + (6x-8x4)(2x)
=(6x-32x3)(8+x2) + (6x-8x4)(2x)
6. Quotient Rule
U ( x)
If f(x)= V (x ) if both U’(x) and V’(x) exist, and if V’(x)= 0 then f’(x)=
V ( x ) •u ( x ) −u( x)• v ' ( x)
[V ( x ) ]
, the derivative of a quotient is obtained as follows
denominator times the derivatives of the numerator minus the numerator
times the derivatives of the derivatives of the denominator all divided by the
square of the denominator.
Example:
6 x +2
1. f ( x )= 2
x +4
2
( x + 4 ) ( 6 )−( 6 x+ 2 )( 2 x )
= 2
( x 2+ 4 )
[ 6 x2 +24 ]−[ 12 x2 + 4 x ]
= 2
( x 2 +4 )
6 x2 −24−12 x 2−4 x
= 2
( x 2+ 4 )
6 x2 −4 x−24
= 2
( x2 + 4 )
x2
2. f ( x )=
x−6
( x−6 ) ( 2 x )−( x 2)(1)
=
( x −6)2
2 x 2=12 x−x 2
=
( x−6 )2
2
= x −12
¿¿
3 x+ 2
3. f ( x )= 2
x +4
2
( x + 4 ) ( 3 ) −(3 x +2)( 2 x )
=
(x 2+ 4)2
[3 x2 +12]=[6 x 2+ 4 x ]
=
( x2 + 4)2
−3 x2−4 x−12
= 2 2
( x +4)
7. The Extended Power Rule
Suppose f( x ) is a function of x thenfor any real number n. D x [f ( x ) ]n x [f( x ¿ ]^n=
n[f(x)n-1•D x [f(x)]] [f(x)^n-1•Dxfx].
Example:
1. f ( x )=¿
=3(6 x 3−¿7 ¿ •(18 x 2 )
=54 x 2 (6 x3 −7)
d
2. dx [(3 x 4 −x−2+ √ x )18]
1
=18(3 x 4 −x−2+ x 2 ¿17
−1
1
=(12 x 3+ 2 x−3 + x 2 ¿
2
d
3. dx ¿+3 x 2 ¿ 15]
= 15(2 x 4 +3 x 2 ¿14
=(8 x 3+ ¿6x)
8. The Chain Rule
The derivative of the composition on f ◦ g is given by:
d d d
[ f ◦ g (x) ] = [ f ( g ( x ) ) ]=f ' ( x ) , g( x )suppose y=f(u) and u=g(x).
dx dx dx
Example:
d
1. dx ¿
=4[5x+2¿3[5]
=20(5x+2¿3
d
2. dx ¿
=4[ x 2-2x¿3 ( 2 x −2 )
d
3. dx [ tan x 2 ¿
= sec (x 2)• 3 x2
=3 x 2 sec ( x2 )
9. The Derivative of A Reciprocal
dy 1 dy df ( x)
= = =
dx f ( x ) dx ( f ( x ))
The derivative of the reciprocal of a function is the negative of the derivative
of the function divided by the square of a function.
Example
d 1
1. dx [ ]
x3
2
= −3 x
¿¿
−3 x2
= 6
x
−3
=
x4
1
f ( x )=
2. 1
2
7 x −4 x −2
' d
= f ( x )= dx ¿
= −3.5−4
¿¿
1
3. f ( x )= 2
21 x −14 x−7
d 1
'
= f ( x )= dx ( 21 x −14 x−72 )
= −42¿x−14
¿
[Link] derivative of a function with rational exponents.
1
1 1 dy d 1 −1
Suppose m and y= x n = x^1/n then dx = dx ¿= x m
m
Example:
1
1. f ( x )= =¿
√ 4=√ x
dy −1
= dx = 2 ¿
−1
= 2 ¿)
−1 1 1 1
= 2 •2
√x ¿ ¿
2. f (x)=¿
= f ( x )=13 ¿
1 6 x 2−10 x+1
=23 2 2 2
√2 x −5 x + x ¿
3 f ( x )= √3 2 x 2−5 x2 + x
=¿
' 3
= f ( x )= 2 ¿ (6 x 2−10 x+1 ¿
![=−3 x
2−4 x−12
(x
2+4)
2
7. The Extended Power Rule
Suppose f(x) is a function of x thenfor any real number n. Dx[f (x )]nx[f](/p?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenshots.scribd.com%2FScribd%2F252_100_85%2F326%2F506192568%2F4.jpeg&__src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdocument%2F506192568%2FConstant-Rule&__type=image)
