CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF TEMP.
SENSOR
(THERMOCOUPLE)WITH or WITHOUT INDICATOR/GAUGE/
TRANSMITTER/THERMOMETER
1.0 OBJECTIVE:
To define procedure for calibration of Thermocouple with or without indicator
/Transmitter by comparison method in laboratory as well as site.
2.0 SCOPE:
This Calibration Procedure is applicable for Calibration of Thermocouple with or without
indicator /Transmitter by comparison method
3.0 RELATED & RELEVANT DOCUMENT:
(a) EURAMET cg-8
(b) ITS:90
4.0 RESPONSIBILITY :
Calibration-engineer will perform the Calibration and note down the details and
measurements on the observation sheet.
Technical/Quality Manager or his designee will check the observation sheet and approve
the Calibration Certificate.
5.0 STANDARD & EQUIPMENT USED:
5.1 Range(-40 to 120)˚C
Using Class-A 4 wire RTD Sensor with High precision Digital Thermometer by
comparison method using dry block as Temperature Source.
5.2 Range(Above 120 to 400)˚C
Using Class-A 4 wire RTD Sensor with High precision Digital Thermometer by
comparison method using dry block as Temperature Source.
5.3 Range(Above 400 to 800)˚C
Using Dry block Temperature Calibrator by comparison method.
Support Equipment: The supporting equipment is,
(i) A Digital Temperature & Humidity Data Logger (to measure temperature & relative
humidity of air)
6.0 ENVIROMENTAL CONDITION:
At Lab Temperature :- (23± 2) °C Relative Humidity :- 30% to 75% RH
On site Temperature :- (23 ± 5) Relative Humidity :- 30% to 75% RH
°C
When environmental conditions can jeopardize the calibration results, the calibration work
shall be immediately stopped. Start the calibration only after environmental conditions are
achieved.
7.0 WORKING PRINCIPLE:
Rev. No 00 Issue Date: 01 Feb 2021 Page 1 of 4
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF TEMP. SENSOR
(THERMOCOUPLE)WITH or WITHOUT INDICATOR/GAUGE/
TRANSMITTER/THERMOMETER
Thermocouple works on Seebeck effect. The Seebeck effect is a phenomenon in which a
temperature difference between two dissimilar electrical conductors or semiconductors
produces a voltage difference
between the two substances
Seebeck's principle:
thermocouples can
only measure
temperature differences and need
a known reference
temperature to yield the absolute
readings. The principle behind
it states that The Seebeck effect
describes the voltage or
electromotive force
(EMF) induced by the
temperature difference (gradient) along the wire. The change in material EMF w.r.t a
change in temperature is called seeback coefficient or thermoelectric sensitivity.
This coefficient is usually a nonlinear function of temperature.
PRACTICAL FORM OF THERMOCOUPLE
8.0 INSPECTION OF THE UUT:
On receipt, all the UUT shall be inspected for the following defects:
Visually checked for any physical damage.
Discontinuity is checked before calibration. Multimeter is used to check the broken wire leg
inside the sheath.
In case any one of the faults if possible shall be removed. If however these faults still
persist such items shall not be accepted for calibration.
9.0 PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION:
9.1 Clean the UUT thermocouple with help of clean cloth or lint free duster.
9.2 Note down the details of UUT thermocouple in the observation sheet.
9.3 Ensure all connectivity of the temperature indicator sensor and the standard sensor
with readout thermometer is correct.
9.4 Check the calibration points from job card.
9.5 Check the temperature and humidity condition of the laboratory/calibration activity
area
during calibration and record the same in observation sheet.
9.6 Standard and UUT thermocouple is inserted in the holes provided in the selected
temperature source in such a way that the hot junction of all thermocouples lies on
the same plane.
Rev. No 00 Issue Date: 01 Feb 2021 Page 2 of 4
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF TEMP. SENSOR
(THERMOCOUPLE)WITH or WITHOUT INDICATOR/GAUGE/
TRANSMITTER/THERMOMETER
9.7 Set the required temperature from the selected temperature source and allow to get
stabilizes to the set value.
9.8 After stabilization note down the reading of standard used for calibration as per 3.0
and UUT thermocouple. Takes 5 readings in one minute time interval duration.
9.9 In case of UUT (Temp. Sensor without indicator) the reading is taken with the help
of the standard readout (DMM) used for calibration in electrical signal i.e. (mV)
respectively in observation [Link] 5 readings in one minute time interval
duration.
Convert the electrical signal to deg C with the help of ITS: 90 chart and apply
correction factor (taken from the calibration certificate of standard instrument)
9.10 Repeat calibration at different calibration points as per job card.
9.11 Calculate the Actual mV of thermocouple as per below equation:
Actual mV = mV (Measured) + mV (Corresponding to Room Temperature)
NOTE:- CALIBRATION OF TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER:
Isolate the Temperature Transmitter with sensor from the process, Standard and UUT is
inserted in the holes provided in the selected temperature source in such a way that the
Standard and UUT lies on the same plane.
Connect the multi-meter with the transmitter and ensure that output (e.g. xxx mA at xxx
˚C) is observed.
Apply pressure range at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% & note down the readings on
observation sheet & Affix the calibration status label on UUT.
Calculate the output readings (e.g. mA) into required units (e.g. ˚C).
Desired mA = (Observed Temp. / Full Range ) x 16 + 4
Desired ˚C = (Max. Range – Min. Range / Span) x (Measured mA – 4mA)
9.12 Affix the Calibration Sticker on Unit Under Calibration.
9.13 Calculate the uncertainty of measurement. Uncertainty of Measurement is
determined by repeating the reading five times at every point throughout the range.
9.14 Prepare the calibration certificate as per format no.
10.0 PRECAUTIONS:
(a) UUT operated at high temperature should not be suddenly cooled.
(b) The immersion of the UUT & STD. should lie on same plane.
11.0 REFERENCE:
(a) EURAMET cg-8
(b) ITS: 90 .
Rev. No 00 Issue Date: 01 Feb 2021 Page 3 of 4
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF TEMP. SENSOR
(THERMOCOUPLE)WITH or WITHOUT INDICATOR/GAUGE/
TRANSMITTER/THERMOMETER
12.0 ABBREVIATIONS:
CP: Calibration Procedure.
STD: Standard
UUT: Unit under Test
RH: Relative Humidity
TEMP.: Temperature
DMM: Digital Multimeter
15.0 ESTIMATION OF THE UNCERTAINTY:
An estimate characterizing the range of values within which the true value of the
measurand lies. Technical Manager is responsible to identify the uncertainty
components that are of important to particular calibrations undertaken by the
laboratory.
The standard uncertainty of measurement U (xi) in calibration is evaluated by two
different methods denoted by Type A and Type B.
The Type-A method of evaluation of uncertainty utilizes the rules of the basic
statistics and quantitatively
. is equal to the mean of the standard deviation of a set of
the measured values
Rev. No 00 Issue Date: 01 Feb 2021 Page 4 of 4
