THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY

MEASURES AMONG THE ELECTRICAL WORKERS IN GENERAL

SANTOS CITY

A Research Paper Submitted in Education Department of

Cronasia Foundation College, Inc.
General Santos City

A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education, Major in Electrical
Technology

By:

Elmer M. Viloria II

Darryl jay C. Lauron

Jose D. Tabura Jr

Renato C. Pintor Jr

Tolentino V. Cosendad

Thanly R. Estiilore

JANUARY 2021
 Republic of the Philippines
CRONASIA FOUNDATION COLLEGE INC.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
General Santos City

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled, “LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON ELECTRICAL

HAZARD AND SAFETY MEASURES AMONG THE ELECTRICAL
WORKERS IN GENERAL SANTOS CITY”, prepared and presented by
Elmer M. Viloria, Darryl jay C. Lauron, Jose P. Tabura Jr, Renato C.
Pintor Jr, Tolentino V. Cosendad, Thanly R. Estiilore in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the BACHELOR OF TECHNICAL TEACHER
EDUCATION MAJOR IN ELECTRICAL TECNOLOGY has been examined
and is recommended for ORAL EXAMINATION.

TESSIE R. COLIPANO,PhD
RESEARCH ADVISER

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
APPROVED by the panel of examiners on Oral Examination with the
grade of

NENITA P. NON, MALS, RL

Chairman

TESSIE R. COLIPANO,PhD MAY MEAH V. TOBATO, MAED,LPT

Member Member
______________________________________________________________
ACCEPTED and APPROVED in partial fulfillment of the requirements
of the COLLEGE OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.

TESSIE R. COLIPANO,PhD
PROGRAM DEAN

Date: January 30, 2021

 i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the researchers are very grateful to God Almighty, the

source of everything, for giving us guidance and strength to handle all the

obstacles in making this research success. The researchers also want to

acknowledge the people who also provided their time, help, contributions,

support and cooperation for the success of this study. For Ma’am Tessie

Colipano, phD our Practical Research teacher who guided directed and

encouraged us to continue the study and to our former department

coordinator Ma’am Moneth G. Calamba for all the help, patience,

understanding, and suggestions she gave that make things easier for us in

the process of making this research paper. We would also like to thank Ms.

Marie Clair B. Caparoso for giving time to share some of her knowledge about

this study. We are also thankful to the respondents we interviewed here in

General Santos City. They became a major part upon the fulfillment of this

research paper.

The Researchers
 ii

ABSTRACT

This study is” Entitled Level of Awareness on Electrical Hazard and Electrical

Safety Measure among Electrical Workers In General Santos City”. The

purpose of the study was to determine the level of awareness on electrical

hazards and safety measures. The study it was conducted in General Santos

City, consisting eighty six electrical workers. they was randomly selected as

respondents of the study , the researchers used descriptive method utilizing a

researchers to tally the data gathered brought by the electrical workers .the

result of the study shows, that the electrical workers were extremely aware of

the electrical hazard with the weighted average of 4.2. Further, its result show

on electrical safety measure awareness among electrical workers in General

Santos City. That they are moderately aware in terms of their electrical safety

awareness (M=3.7) there was a low negative correlation (r= -.13) between

electrical hazard and electrical hazard and electrical safety measure. The test

of significance (t = .429) rejects accept the null hypothesis. There is no

significant relationship between electrical hazard and electrical safety

measure.

Keywords: Electrical hazard, safety measure awareness, Level of awareness

on electrical hazard, Electrical hazard awareness.

 iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………………… i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………...………………………………… ii
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………… iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………… iv
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………… v
LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………. vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study……………………………………………… 1
Statement of the Problem…………………………………………… 2
Significance the Study……………………………………………… 3
Scope and Delimitation of the Study………………………………… 4
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE, STUDIES
AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Related Literature……………………………………………...……….. 5
Related Studies……………………………………………...………… 16
Conceptual Framework………………………………………………… 19
Definition of Terms……………………………………………………… 20
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
Research Design……………………………………………………… 21
Research Locale……………………………………………………… 21
Respondents of the Study…………………………………………… 23
Research Instrument…………………………………………………… 23
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………. 24
Statistical Treatment…………………………………………………… 25
 v

CHAPTER IV

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS…………….……………………………….26

CHAPTER V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION

Summary………………………………………………………………… 29
Conclusion……………………………….……………………………… 30
Recommendation….…………… …………………………………… 31
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………… 33
APPENDICES
Appendix A……………………………………………………………… 34
CURRICULUM VITAE………………………………………………………… 38
VI
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework………………………………………… 19

Figure 2. Location Map…………………………………………………… 22
vii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Distribution of Respondents……………………………………… 23
Table 2. Frequently used method/strategy………………………………… 26
Table 3. Level of Preparedness …………………………………………… 27
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Electricity is everywhere is used for many ways like lighting, cooling,

heating and to power or drive electrical equipment and machines. Electricity

helps to facilitate economic development and it's a well-known fact that

electricity is important to lifestyle of human. In electricity, the risk of exposure

in electrical injuries is more consistent to do a serious body and property

damage. Electricity usually travels through a close circuit conductor but

sometimes, not knowing why? The human body is efficient conductor of

electricity will incorrectly become a part of the electrical circuit. This can lead

to electric shock or fatal electrical injuries that may cause death. Electric

shocks occur when a person's body completes its current path by the two

wires of electrical circuits, one wire of energetic circuits and one for

grounding.

Safety is a practical guarantee that injury will not occur due to the use

of electricity (Williams, 2008). A clean environment and safe action can lead

to a risk free activity like, under specific conditions or quality equipment and

method of use (kumbahar, 2012). Electric safety hazards are responsible for a

quarter of the deaths among domestic and industrial energy users. Electricity

is a good slave, but a bad master (Usifo, 2010). Every working area or at

home have a specific hazard it is identified and avoidable it is depend on the

user of electricity how they handle it.

 Electrical hazards are the most common and serious hazard in

industrial systems and in the home. The number of workplace injuries due to

these disruptions goes to thousands every year. Unfortunately, they also

cause hundreds of deaths. They disrupt operations and affect the productivity

of the business. In the long run, such accidents reduce the morale of workers

and cause significant damage to the industry. The sad part is that injuries and

accidents caused by electrical hazards are inevitable. If everyone makes

conscious efforts to prevent these dangers, these can be prevented or at least

reduce the risk.

Moreover, electrical hazards continue to threaten the safety of people

and property in the form of shocks, burns, injury, fire, and explosion. As

electricity has become an essential part of people’s lives, electrical hazards

must be effectively managed. This can be achieved by conducting an

electrical safety audit (ESA) of the installation. Identifying potential electrical

hazards to prevent or minimize loss of life and property is being actively felt by

many industries around the world. The performance of electrical rating

systems depends, among other things, on the type and quality of

maintenance and the safe operation of the equipment. It is essential to

evaluate the quality of maintenance and safety practices used within the Safe

Work Practice Plan (Hossain and Salam, 2015)

 Safety is a practical guarantee that injury will not occur due to the use

of electricity (Williams, 2008). A clean environment and safe action can lead

to a risk free activity like, under specific conditions or quality equipment and

method of use (kumbahar, 2012). Electric safety hazards are responsible for a

quarter of the deaths among domestic and industrial energy users. What we

all know is that electricity is a good slave, but a bad master (Usifo, 2010).

Every working area or at home have a specific hazard it is identified and

avoidable it is depend on the user of electricity how they handle it.

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of awareness on

electrical hazard and safety among the electrical worker in General Santos

city; Electrical safety present ways to reduce or avoid electrical hazard in

working area. And it can guide to improving electrical safety inside the

working area
Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to determine the level of awareness on Electrical

hazard and personal safety measure among the electrical workers in

General Santos city;

Specifically, this study sought to find answers to the following

questions:

1).What is the level of electrical hazard awareness among electrical

workers in General Santos City?

2).What is the level of safety measure awareness among electrical

workers General Santos City?

3). Is there a significant relationship between the electrical hazards and

electrical safety measures among electrical workers in General Santos

City?
Significance of the Study

Through this study, the following would benefit:

Electrical workers. This study would help them to know and recognize the

safety measure on their working area and to enhance their knowledge about

electrical hazard pose by electricity.

Non-electrical workers. It would give them an idea to keep them away from

electrical injuries.

Future researchers . It would help future researchers who have an interest in

this study. It will serve as their basis and their background about their

research.

Community. The community shall also benefit from the study in the sense

that they are the reason why electrical workers always face the electrical

hazard.
3

Scope and Delimitation

This study covered the entire geographical area of General Santos

City. The respondents were delimited only to electrical workers. Through

simple random sampling, eighty six respondents were selected from unknown

population of electrical workers. Survey questionnaire were administered to

get the responses.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUR AND STUDIES,

AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter will serve as the foundation of the research that presents

the related literature and studies, both local and foreign sources, the

theoretical and conceptual framework that were anchored and useful to the

study.

Related Literature

Electrical Hazard

Many workers are exposed to electrical energy when they complete

their daily responsibilities, and many are unaware of the electrical hazards

that can occur in their work environment. No matter how much they use

electric power, they will be most vulnerable to the risk of electric injuries

(Pakamile 2019). According to the National Occupational Safety and Health

Organization (2009) which is headquartered in Disease Control in Washington

D.C, the construction industry containing about 8% of the labor force;

however, it accounts for 44% of occupational deaths - the largest number

from any industry. Electrical hazards cause more than 300 deaths and 4,000

injuries in the workplace each year. In fact, electricity accidents are the sixth

leading cause of work-related deaths in the United States. Although electrical

hazards are not the leading cause of injuries, accidents and deaths at work,

they are proportionately dangerous and expensive.

 For the past year, the Electrical Safety fatalities International (2020)

began a comprehensive study of data on electrical injuries and deaths about

electrical hazard injuries. At the conclusion of this review, the Foundation

determined that additional information should be made available to the

industry to identify critical injury trends and respond in a timely manner.

Through this process, Electrical Safety and Fatalities International was

reintroduced into a study that examined electrical injuries and deaths using

data collected from 1992 to 2002 by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (PLS),

Washington, DC. ESFI has now expanded previous data to include

information on U.S. workplace electrical injuries that occurred between 2003

and 2007. Analysis of these data revealed injury trends in selected

occupations, introduced statistics on common work-related injuries, and

allowed to calculate both risk and non-electrical injury rates. In addition,

experiences of non-electric shock and burn injuries of selected occupations

were explored.

Electricity has long been recognized as a serious workplace hazard,

subjecting employees to electric shocks, electrocution, burns, fires and

explosions (Ezennaya ,2017) electricity is one of the reasons why the

economics of the place or county has been improved. Electrical hazard can

be avoid when the worker follow the safety protocol.

 Meanwhile, according to the research presented by Shalom (2019)

electrical hazard can be defined as any potential on actual threat to the

wellbeing of people equipment machinery or environment. Hazard can also be

seen something that can be identify as measure of potential source of danger

such octopus wiring, electricity gadget which are not switch off, unprotected

installation and uncovered convenience outlet, overload socket outlet

and many more. McKinnon, (2010) said that the presence of electricity is

increasing in modern lives, knowing that more electricity usage means more

potential electrical injury may occurred, as people continue to put confidence

on electricity. Training, schooling and guidance for proper execution of

electricity can save the precious lives and properties. It’s never too late to

start learning to use electricity safely; there have much institution, non-profit

organization lecturing electrical safety to educate electricity user.

Hazard can be defined as any potential on actual threat to the

wellbeing of people equipment, machinery or environment. Hazard can also

be seen something that can be identify as measure of potential source of

danger such as naked electric wires, electricity gadget which are not switch

of unsafe acts, Unprotected Installation , overload socket outlet and many

other (shalom and esquerra,2019)

 In addition of the statement of McKinnon et. al. (2010) that any wires or

cables that not function properly should be removed immediately as they pose

a serious electrical hazard. Electrical cables with roasted, loose or exposed

wires should be replaced with mixers. Damaged wires and cables can cause

electric shock and fire.

According to the journal of Electrical Hazard and Electrical Safety

(2020) the identified common causes of electrical hazards are;

Overhead Power Lines

Overhead running and energized electrical connections have high

voltages, which can cause major burns and power outages for workers.

Remember to maintain a minimum distance of 10 feet from overhead

electrical connections and nearby equipment. Conduct site inspections to

ensure that nothing is stored under overhead electrical connections. Also,

safety barriers and signs should be installed to warn nearby non-electrical

workers.

Damaged tools and equipment

Exposure to damaged electrical equipment and equipment is very

dangerous. Do not fix anything if you are not qualified to do so. Check for

cracks, cuts, or abrasions in cables, wires, and cords. If there are any defects,

please correct or replace them. Lock-out tag-out (lotto) procedures should be

done at all times before starting electrical maintenance and repairs. There are

lotto procedures to protect all workers in a workplace.

Circuits with adequate wiring and high load

Using wires that are unsuitable for current can cause overheating and

fire. Use the right wire and power load to work with the function. Use a proper

extension cord designed for heavy use. Also, do not overload a store and do

not use proper circuit breakers. Perform routine fire risk assessments to

identify areas at risk of poor wiring and circuits.

Exposed electrical components

Examples of exposed electrical components include temporary lighting,

open power supply units, and insulated components in electrical wiring. These

hazards can cause potential shocks and burns. Protect these items with

proper safety precautions and always check that exposed parts are repaired

immediately.

Improper grounding

The most common electrical hazard power outage is an improper base

of devices. Proper landing eliminates unwanted voltage and reduces the risk

of electrocution. Never remove the metal ground pin as this will cause an

unnecessary voltage to be applied to the ground.

Damaged insulation

Defective or inadequate insulation is a risk. Be aware of damaged

insulation and report it immediately. Turn off all power sources before
replacing damaged insulation, never attempt to cover them with electrical

tape.

Wet conditions

Never operate electrical equipment in damp places. If the equipment

insulation is damaged, water greatly increases the risk of electric shock.

Inspect a qualified electrician for moisture before discharging the power

supply. And many more identified electrical hazard.

According to Aigbodion (2014) electricity is a clean, quiet and invisible

source of energy. The fact that we often take for granted that it is invisible and

its inherent dangers are not always immediately apparent. Every year in

Nigeria, a significant number of people are killed or injured by electricity. Most

of these injuries are caused by a lack of knowledge about electricity and its

dangers. The utility company is constantly concerned by teenagers ’and old

ignorance about electrical safety and the risk of personal injury and death due

to interference with electrical connections and electrical equipment. It is clear

that the vast majority of young people are unaware of the dangers to

themselves and others when doing these things. The vast majority of any

computer installation is concerned with ensuring that accidents do not

happen, or that if they do, their effect will be minimal. Household and

laboratory equipment most often involved in electric fires include electric

stoves, ovens and dryers, electric pressurized irons, refrigerators, central

heating units, fans, soldering irons, toasters, washing machines, food

processors, electric kettles and frying. Some of these fires are caused by

electrical system failures, malfunctions, misuse, and lack of maintenance,

improperly installed wiring, overload circuits and extension cords. The use of

bad or incorrect tools can also be a source of danger.

Electrical Safety

Safety is an important component in preventing occupational accidents

but most importantly workers must be aware of the need for occupational

safety and avoid dangerous movements that may cause electrical accidents.

Safety behavior of worker can be considered as the most important factor in

preventing occupational accidents; especially workplace accidents are very

common in the electrical industry (Zafer utlo, 2017)

Based on Tinney (2015) found that injuries can have a negative impact

on a worker’s quality of life, give workers not able to work in a safe condition.

According to Chelius (2009) they concluded that the roles and responsibilities

of workers are important and significant to ensure the safety and health of the

employee. Every company should encourage all workers to work in good

standing to prevent injury and illness and workers compensation. This shows

that both employees and employers need to control preventive efforts to

improve their safety in the workplace. An accident in the workplace had the

best impact on the overall awareness level.

Meanwhile, Manik (2015) said on their journal that safety defined, as a

level of risk reduction that is reasonable and practical. It is the state of mind

and environment that must become an integral part of every work practice. As

a matter of fact, all electrical related injuries was the result of lucking of

knowledge and failure to recognize the health and safety protocol about safety

practices to prevent electrical injuries on their working area. Many of the

electrical workers who experienced fatal electrical injuries were not trained or

attending seminar for the orientation of electrical safety practices preventing

the electrical injuries in working area, including hvac installer, service workers,

and other occupations involving the electrical industry. It is important to realize

that electrical safety training is needed by electricity workers and other

industry that may be exposed on the said work.

Until electricity is available, and more electricity is almost as important

in our daily lives, No one thinks much about this. Significance depends on the

size of the problem. If there an electricity in the world for any reason the

chaos and disorder will stop immediately despite the fact that electricity plays

an important role in national development and helps us to be more

comfortable. It is also considered a bad enemy when it is misused or when

users have not deep knowledge of it, this requires electrical safety awareness

among electrical workers. It is also important to know that the risk in electrical

work is higher than in any other job, (Roberts, 2014). A well develop

community or a society is indication of fast growing economy. According to

Ritche and Roser (2019) the percentage of people with access

to electricity has been steadily increasing over the last few decades. In 1990,

around 71% of the world's population had access to electricity. This has

increased to 87% in 2016. This means 13% of the world did not have access

to electricity in 2016.

According to Dong Wang (2010) he said that it is important that

electrical safety training and related materials guide must be delivered in the

native language of the electricity worker to address the significant and

relatedness of the said guide.

 Deardoff and Morgeson (2013) according to their journal "Values

Related to safety" (Achievement and Use of Skills) Freedom (Empowerment

and Motivation Initiative and Creativity), Virtue (Values related to nurturing

and protection from electrical hazard). Collie and Neil (2012) identified 42

ideas in a series of interviews that were indicators of safety and the value and

importance are described. Hystad & Bye (2013) the basis values of safety

cover an emphasis on harmony and stability. Zwetsloot (2013) the call of 'zero

accident insight ' is the only ethically sustainable for long-term goal of a

working force and management.

In addition of zwetsloot et al (2013) there are good reasons to say that

safety at work means a value within them. Safety certainly belongs to the

things that most people decide are important in life (this is one of the

definitions of a value, given above). However, this does not give a definition or

further insight into the value of safety. Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (2016) one of the "root causes" of workplace injuries, illnesses,

and incidents is the failure to identify or recognize hazards that are present, or

that could have been anticipated. A critical element of any effective safety and

health program is a proactive, ongoing process to identify and assess such

electrical hazards. Providing a safe and healthy workplace is one of the best

strategies to reduce the cost of doing construction work. Accidents not only

cause delays in operations and project deliveries but also, directly and

indirectly cause costs (Ahmadan Bakri, 2006). In accordance with the

requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA) it is

mandatory for all companies to provide a safe and optimal work environment

for the construction and fabrication sites of their workers and subcontractors.
 According to Yankson Esi (2012) safety refers to conditions or factors

that affect the well-being of employees, temporary workers, contractors,

employees, visitors and other persons in the workplace. It was part of the

overall management system to facilitate the management of the occupational

health and safety risks associated with the organization’s business. This

includes resources for organizing and planning activities, responsibilities and

procedures and developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and

managing the organization's health and safety policy.

The Government of Alberta (2008) the OSHA's outlook on best

practices in the healthcare sector will help parties and management

organizations create and maintain a safe and healthy working environment,

highlighting the current challenges, legitimate roles and responsibilities of all

employees affecting the healthcare sector by highlighting public health and

safety issues in the healthcare environment. List of best practices, tools,

forms and resources to help meet or exceed the minimum requirements in the

health sector. Occupational Health and Safety was introduced in United

Kingdom in 1974 to ensure the safety of the employee at the highest level of

health and safety in the workplace to carry out the functions of the

Occupational Health and Safety (OSHA) the mission was launched in 1994 in

Malaysia, safety and welfare in the work of all its staff and visitors creating

safety and wellness and additional protection for the employee.

5

Related studies

Saba, tsado, Raymond, adama (2014) the study was conducted to

answered the level of electrical hazard and safety in Minna Metropolis of

Niger State, Nigeria. The respondent of the study estimated of 250 male and

210 female resident of minna metropolis nigeria. The weighted mean standard

was used to analyze the data of the study. The electricity users are aware of

the followings as electrical Hazards. 1. Improper electrical installation

[Link] electrical appliance and equipment 3 Lighting fitting overheating

equipment as hazardous. However, the electricity users are not aware of the

followings as electrical Hazards Ungrounded circuit and equipment, Coiled

extension leads, Covered ventilation holes in electrical equipment. The safety

measures awareness among electricity users. Proper electrical insulation,

Switch off and unplug equipment to be repaired, Use nonconductive material

to remove a victim from the conductor. The safety measures not awareness

among electricity users, uncoiled extension cord on the drum, uncovered slots

of electrical machine and equipment, When circuit breaks or fuses trip don’t

reset till fault is not detected.

 Mohd nor and Demong (2015) providing a safe and healthy workplace

is one of the most effective strategies in for holding down the cost of doing

construction business. It was a part of the overall management system to

facilitate the management of the occupational health and safety risk that are

associated with the business of the organization. Factors affected the

awareness level inclusive of safety and health conditions, dangerous working

area, long wait care and services and lack of emergency communication were

the contributed factors to the awareness level for the operational level. This

study conducted at Telecom Malaysia According to the report in (2016) 122

total cases of incident happened at Telekom Malaysia as compared to year

2015 only 86 cases. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine

the relationship between safety and health factors and the awareness level

among operational workers. The determination of this research was to

increase the awareness level among the operational level workers who

committing to safety and health environment.

Ezennaya, Enemuoh and Ago (2017) electrical safety is a very

important factor that needs urgent attention. The study provides an overview

of basic electrical safety on the job and at home. Electricity is essential to

modern life, both at home and on the job. The purpose of this article is to

inform the community and users of electricity about the electrical safety and

the serious consequence when it is not properly and regularly performed.

Information and data were collected from Occupational Safety and Health
Administration. Results revealed that some multi -socket power lines, as well

as some power cords were outside of the limits provided by the international

protocols. Observations were properly analyzed and a conclusion was made

based on the observation.

Gammon and Jamil (2020) the electrical safety climate in the United

States was different 20 years ago. Many companies did not have well-

developed electrical safety programs and written electrical work procedures.

Electrical workers were not trained in arc-flash hazards and were not provided

with arc-flash personal protective equipment (PPE). Unprotected workers

were expected to perform work on and near energized circuits and equipment.

Currently, most companies have established electrical safety programs and

provide arc-flash training and PPE to their employees. Yet electrical injuries

still occur. Electrical injuries can be attributed to 1) well intend electrical safety

programs falling short in their implementation and/or 2) workers failing to

recognize the severe injury potential in a situation perceived as a low-level

hazard. This article addresses some reasons why electrical safety programs

fail to protect workers. It also discusses the potential arc-flash hazards

associated with low-magnitude fault currents, which are illustrated through

calculations.

Nocete, R. O and Enteria, O. C (2018) level of awareness and behavior

on the basic safety precaution on electrical fire prevention among resident in

the city of Bislig, Philippines, The respondent of the study was five (5)

involved barangays (Comawas, Maharlika, Mangagoy, Poblacion and Tabon)

There was fifteen (15) household-respondents in every barangay purposely

selected to answer the survey-questionnaire.  Their answers were validated

through on-the spot ocular inspection of their households’ wirings. The

gathered data was treated with the appropriate statistical methods. The Study

reveals the weighted mean and grand mean results of respondents’ level of

awareness regarding electrical fire prevention. Respondents are highly aware

that it is necessary to consult a licensed electrician if changes or alterations

are desired in their house wirings as much as to check electrical materials

(switches, convenience outlets, wires) and to have a replacement if needed.

They are highly aware of overloading, extremely aware that convenience

outlets should be appropriately protected against rain and extreme weather

conditions and should not be installed in wet and exposed to rain places, the

same with the lightings. It can be recalled that based on the profile of the

respondents, the majority of them have cellular phones (95%), and it is good

to note that they are also highly aware that mobile phones, laptops, and the

like can cause electrical fire once left unattended. To train and guide children

on appliance plugging, light switching, and not to play with it also scored a

high level of awareness. In terms of wiring connections, respondents are also

highly aware that flying connection (illegal tapping) can cause overloading and

electrical fire, electrical permits should accomplish by house owners and to

switch off safety switches and panel boards when no one left at home. In a

general sense, respondents’ level of awareness regarding electrical fire got a

Moderately Aware

(3.09) rating. Though this signifies a good impression, yet the researcher still

believes that there is still room for improvement for them to score higher and

be more aware of the primary safety precautions on electrical fire prevention.

 Conceptual Framework

Conceptual framework represents the independent and dependent

variables. Consisting electrical safety measure among electrical workers in

General Santos City is the independent variable, and the dependent variables

is level of awareness on electrical hazard.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Electrical hazard

And Level of safety Awareness

Electrical Safety Measure

Hypothesis

This research tested the following hypothesis at 0.05 level of

significance. There is no significant relationship between electrical hazard

awareness and the electrical safety measures.

Definition of Terms

The following terms used in this research carry the following meaning

which the researchers define conceptually and operationally:

Awareness. Conceptually, it is defined quality or level of being aware:

Knowledge and understanding of what is happening or being promotes a

higher level of awareness of the problem, while there seems to be only a

small awareness of what is happening in acute awareness of subtle

differences (American psychological association, 2020) Operationally, it refer

to the electrical workers.

Cronasia Foundation College Inc. Conceptually, it refers to the one of the

successful institutions here in General Santos City. Operationally, refers to a

college school located at Andres-Dizon Bldg., Pioneer Avenue General

Santos City where the study was conducted.

Electrical hazard. Conceptually, it is defined on the situation of a person

where can or those have electrical contact with energize tool or equipment

(Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010). Operationally, exist in

working area.
Electrical Safety Measure. Conceptually, defined as the safety precautions

taken against electricity. Electricity is undoubtedly one of the most basic

needs in modern life, but electrical hazards are very dangerous (Safe Opedia,

2019) operationally, it is defined to the safety of electrical workers.

PPE (Personal protective equipment) conceptually, it is define as wearable

tool to reduce exposure to the risks of serious workplace injuries and illness.

These injuries and diseases can be associated with chemical, radiological,

physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards. Personal

protective equipment may include items such as gloves, safety goggles and

shoes, earrings or muffs, hard hats, respirators or gloves, underwear and full

body suits (Occupational Health and Safety Administration, 2010)

.Operationally, used by the electrical worker.

Electrical Worker, Conceptually define as a worker considered to be a

qualified person when he or she has the training or experience to be familiar

with the construction and operation of the equipment, along with any electrical

hazards that may be involved (Occupational Health and Safety

Administration, 2012) Operationally, it is define the respondents of the study.

 Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

In this chapter the researchers discuss the methodology and the

procedure engaged in the study. The researchers outline the research design,

research locale, respondents of the study, research instrument, sampling

technique, data gathering procedures, and statistical treatment to be used in

this study.

Research Design

The research design used in carrying out this study was a descriptive

using survey method. The level of awareness on electrical hazard and

electrical safety measures was the focus of this study. The researchers

collected and analyzed information that can provide a quality and reliance

data from few selected electricity workers that considered a data provider to

determine the level of awareness and safety.

Research Locale

General Santos City is a very beautiful place from the Southeast of

the island of Mindanao and dubbed as the Tuna Capital of the Philippines.

General Santos City is a booming city since 1990 and now 30% of the land

was occupied by the national and local investor and 60% occupied by the

local people.

Figure 1:
Research Instruments

A survey questionnaire on level of awareness on electrical hazard and

electrical safety measure was constructed by the researcher. The said

questioner was validated by the faculty of Cronasia Foundation College, in

electrical installation and maintenance.

To analyze the data gathered the researchers used the Liker scale

below.

4.2-5.00 Extremely aware

3.60-4.19 Moderately aware

2.60-3.59 Somewhat aware

1.80-2.59 Slightly aware

1.00- 1.79 Not all aware

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of study were 86 electrical workers, and are

residents in General Santos City. They were chosen through simple random

sampling. This study conducted and covered the entire General Santos City,

South Cotabato Philippines; It utilized the workers population. Simple random

sampling was adopted and applied to this study as the populations of the

electricity worker were not known. Eighty six electricity workers have been

selected through sampling purposes in the study. The survey questionnaire

was the sole instrument developed the mean of data gathering by the

researcher for collecting of data and was validated by Lecturers of electrical

Technology, Education Department of Cronasia Foundation College

Incorporated.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers sought to help observe the following procedures and

data gathering. Before the research conducts, the researcher helped provide

a letter to the said person.

The researcher followed the following procedures in conducting the

research. First, asked for approval. The researchers asked for approval from

their respective teachers who are in charge of the thesis. It was to know

whether or not study will be accepted. They checked if there were further

corrections and revisions to be made before the conducting of research.

Second,made the questionnaire. When the study approved, the

researchers started working on their questionnaire, basing their questions on

the theories they had found. The researchers used related questions to be

able to achieve the respective goal of their study.

Third, after the questionnaire has been made; the researcher

personally administered the research instrument to the identified

respondents. They discussed the significance of the study and accomplished

the distribution of the instrument properly.

The respondent was given 20 minutes to answer the form to prevent

them giving a hasty response’s. The researcher went from the other

respondent to collect the accomplish research questioner’s.

 Four, after the questionnaires had been accomplished by the

respondent, the result were tallied and tabulated. These data became the

bases of analysis and interpretation.

Statistical Treatment

The data gathered from the respondents through the survey questionnaire

were tallied, analyzed and interpreted. To determine the level of awareness of

the electrical hazard and electrical safety measure mean was used –

And .To determine the relationship between electrical hazard and

electrical safety measure Pearson Product Moment of correlation (r) was used

if correlation coefficient (r) = .

Coefficient (r) Descriptive correlation level

+
- 1.0 Perfect Correlation
+
- 0.75 To 0.99 High Correlation
+
- 0.51 To 0.74 Moderately High Correlation
+
- 0.31 To 0.50 Moderately Low Correlation
+
- 0.01 To 0.30 Low Correlation
+
- 0.01 No Correlation

To test the significance for (r), the formula is:

 Chapter IV

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents the result and discussion on the data gathered on
electrical hazard awareness and safety measure.

Awareness on Electrical Hazard

Table 1present the data gathered on electrical hazard awareness.

Table1. Awareness on electrical hazards

Indicators Mean Qualitative description

1. Contact with overhead

power lines during clean up 4.5 Extremely aware
and other activities

2. Working with electricity in 4.1 Moderately aware

a damp or wet environment

3. In adequate wiring and

improper grounding 3.4 Somewhat aware

4. Damage isolation where

electricity cannot be turned off 4.3 Extremely aware

5. Exploded electrical parts 4.8 Extremely aware

Weight mean 4.2 Extremely aware

1- Not at all aware 1.00-1.79

2-Slightly aware 1.80-2.59

3- Somewhat aware 2.60-3.59

4- Moderately aware 3.60- 4.19

 5- Extremely aware 4.20-5.00

Table 1 shows the result, that the electrical workers were extremely

aware of the electrical hazard in General Santos City with the weighted

average of 4.2. They were extremely aware of the expose electrical parts

(M=4.8) and contact with overhead power lines during cleaning up and other

activities (M=4.5). Further, they were extremely aware of damage isolation

where electricity cannot be turn off (M=4.3) and working with electricity in a

damp or wet environment (M=4.1).However, they were somewhat aware on

inadequate wiring and improper grounding (M=3.4).

The findings of the research were similar to the study of

Saba,Tsado,Raymond And Adamu (2014) entitled The Level of Awareness on

Electrical Hazards and Safety Measures among Residential Electricity User’s

in Minna Metropolis of Niger State, Nigeria. The residential electricity users

were aware of the electrical hazards.

Electrical Safety measure awareness

Table 2 represents the result of the data on electrical safety awareness.

Electrical workers Mean Qualitative description

Used personal protective equipment 4.8 Extremely aware

Follow the health and safety protocol 3.7 Moderately aware

Obey the electrical standard 3.9 Moderately aware

Use electrical tools properly 4.1 Moderately aware

Read the instruction before an 2.3 Slightly aware

electrical device is installed.

Weight mean 3.1 Moderately aware

1- Not at all aware 1.00-1.79

2-Slightly aware 1.80-2.59

3- Somewhat aware 2.60-3.59

4- Moderately aware 3.60- 4.19

5- Extremely aware 4.20-5.00

 Table 2 reveals the result of electrical safety measure awareness

among electrical workers in General Santos City. This indicated that electrical

workers are moderately aware in terms of their personal safety awareness

(M=3.7) and also they are extremely aware to use the personal protective

equipment to reduce the potential electrical hazard pose by the electricity

(M=4.8). In terms of following the health and safety protocol they are

moderately aware (M=3.7) as usual some of the electrical workers are tell

“Bahala na” but the safeness of electrical workers are in the danger situation.

However, they used the electrical tools and equipment properly (M=4.1) they

are moderately aware, and before they installed the electrical devices they are

minimal ignorance to read the instructions (M=2.3) slightly aware. But To

make their work polished and safety, they are moderately aware on obeying

electrical standard (M=3.9).

The findings of the research were similar to the study of Umar,

Abubakar, Yusuf and okunon (2019) entitled The Level of Awareness of

Electrical Safety Among energy User’s In Sokoto State. The said study was

supported by the respondents who were moderately aware in terms of

electrical safety measure awareness. Likewise, Noveto and Enteria (2018)

revealed in their study that residents were aware of electrical safety measure.

Table 3 present the result of the significant relationship between

electrical hazard and electrical safety measure among electrical workers.

Table 3

Significance Relationship between electrical hazard and electrical

safety measures

Variable Computed (r) Degree of freedom Computed (t) tabular (t) Value Decision Interpretation
.05, 3df
Electrical
Hazard
-0.13 3 0.479 2.102 Accept No significant
Electrical Ho Relationship
Safety
Measure

The table shows the value of Pearson product moment of correlation (r)

equal to -0.13. it means low negative correlation between electrical hazard

and electrical safety measures. The significant correlation was computed and

the result yield to 0.479 which is less than the tabular (t) value of 2.102 at

0.05level of significance with three degree of freedom. Hence, the null

hypothesis is accepted. There is no significant relationship between electrical

hazard and electrical safety measure. The findings are supported by the study

of Gammon and Jamil (2020) that even companies which have established
well developed safety programs, electrical injuries still occur. These programs

are not fully implemented and workers failed to recognize the severe injury

potential in a situation perceived as a low level of hazard

Chapter V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary, findings, conclusions, and

recommendation made from this study.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

This study was conducted to determine the level of awareness on

electrical hazard and personal safety measure among electrical workers in

General Santos City.

Awareness Level on Electrical Hazard

The electrical workers are extremely aware of the following electrical

hazard. Exploded electrical parts (M=4.8) and they were

Extremely aware on Contact with overhead power lines during cleanup and

other activities (M=4.5) and Damage isolation where switch cannot be turn off

(M=4.3). Meanwhile, the electrical workers are moderately aware in working

with electricity in a damp or wet environment (M=4.1). In adequate wiring and

improper grounding (M=3.4) is the main cause of injury. Therefore, the

electrical workers are somewhat aware on the said question. The general

weighted average is (M=4.2) it means they are extremely aware on electrical

hazard.

Electrical safety measures

The electrical workers are extremely aware on the following electrical

safety measure awareness in using of Personal protective equipment when

they are working (M=4.8). Meanwhile, they were moderately aware on using

the electrical tools properly (M=4.1). They are obeying the electrical standard

it means they are moderately aware (M=3.9).in terms of following the health

and safety protocol they are moderately aware (M=3.7). But commonly when

it comes to read the instruction before electrical devices was installed they

were slightly aware (M=2.3).

Conclusion

After a thorough analysis of the data and the careful consideration of

the findings, these are the following conclusion.

The study revealed the level of awareness on electrical hazards and

safety measures among electrical workers in General Santos City. In this

study, it has become clear that many electrical workers are extremely aware

on electrical hazards, but when it comes to safety measures they were

moderately aware. It means that the electrical workers are neutral, when it
comes to safety measure awareness. No wonders the implications of these

study, it is been seen in the numbers of electricity accidents witness in homes

and workplaces in General Santos City. To avoid all accident witnesses in

General Santos city all hands must be on deck to see that electrical workers

have adequate awareness on electrical hazards awareness and safety

measure awareness.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions, the researchers recommend the

following:

1. Always use proper electrical personal protective equipment’s (PPE) to

avoid injuries likes electric shock, electric blast, electric burn and etc.

2. Always aware to electrical hazard and risky work place.

3. Always be on presence of mind and think always positive at all times,

to avoid injury and damages.

4. Check the electrical place before you start wiring.

5. The electrical workers should be well informed on the safety measures

which will help in protecting lives and property of the electricity workers

through safety posters, public lectures and other means.

6. Hazards and safety practices attribute to each, equipment appliances,

and machines should be conspicuously printed on it. This will remind

the user’s when using the appliances, equipment and machines.

7. Workshops and seminars should be organized periodically to train and

educate electrical workers on the importance of electrical safety

measures as well as to electrical hazard.

References
Tammy Gammon and shahid Jamil, (2020). The Disconnect between
Electrical Safety and Accident Prevention: Protecting Worker from Arc
flash and other Hazards.

Zafer Utlu and Serenay Sahin (2017). An investigation of Awareness Level of

The Construction Employees on Occupational Safety
DOI: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.540PAP-WCTIE-V.4-2017 (32)-
p.245-254

Roshanira Che Mohd nor and Nur Atiqah Rochin Demong (2015).

The Awareness Level of the Safety and Health of the operational Level.

Nocete, R. O and Enteria, O.C. (2018). Practices and level of awareness on

The Basic Safety Precautions on Electrical Fire Prevention among
residence in Bislig City, Philippines

Saba,Tsad, Raymond and Adamu (2014). The Level of Awareness on in

Minna Metropolis of Niger State,Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676, p-ISSN:
2320-3331, Volume 9, Issue 5 Ver. I (Sep – Oct. 2014), PP 01-06

Hossain and Salam(2015). Basic Approach of an Electrical

Safety Assessment in RMG
Industries: Development of Electrical Hazards Proceedings of 10th
global Engineering, Science and Technology Conference 2-3 January
2015, BIAM Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh, ISBN: 978-1-922069-69-
6.

Shalom and Esquerra (2019). Awareness on the Electrical Hazard and

Safety Measures among Grade 12 Tvl-Electrical Students
 Appendix A

CRONASIA FOUNDATION COLLEGE INC.

Andrez-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City, 9500
Tel No. (083) 554-6323/5524051
magandangcronasia@[Link]

January 2021

Electrical workers

Respondents

Dear. Electrical workers

Magandang Gensan!

This letter is in compliance with our Research paper, I subject wherein we are
required to conduct study among the electrical workers of General Santos
City.

In view of these, I, in tenant my group hereby asking permission from you to

allow us to conduct a research entitled “THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY MEASURES AMONG THE
ELECTRICAL WORKERS IN GENERAL SANTOS CITY” on the above
mentioned your cooperation is the greatest important in my group and have a
big impact to pass this subject.

Your positive response would be of big help for the success of our research.

Very truly yours,

Renato C. Pintor Jr Approved by:

Team leader TESSIE R. COLIPANO, PhD
Research Adviser
 TESSIE R. COLIPANO, PhD
Research Adviser/ Department Dean
Appendix B

CRONASIA FOUNDATION COLLEGE INC.

Andrez-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City, 9500
Tel No. (083) 554-6323/5524051
magandangcronasia@[Link]

Survey Questionnaire

“THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND

SAFETY MEASURE AMONG THE ELECTRICAL WORKER IN GENERAL
SANTOS CITY”

Name: _________________________________ Signature: ___________

Company: _________________

Directions: Put a check mark () on the column of your choice and honestly
answer the questions.

Dear respondents the researchers presently conducting a study entitled

LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY
MEASURE AMONG THE ELECTRICAL WORKER IN GENERAL SANTOS
CITY

Please spare a few minutes of your valuable time to answer this

simple [Link] will give valuable feedbacks to present this study.
Part 1: awareness on electrical hazards
Legend: 1- not at all aware
2-slightly aware
3- Somewhat aware
4- Moderately aware
5- Extremely aware
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1

1. Contact with overhead

Power lines during clean up
And other activities

2. Working with electricity in

A damp or wet environment
 3. In adequate wiring and
Improper grounding

4. Damage isolation where

Electricity cannot be turn off

5. Exploded electrical parts

Part 2: Personal Safety measure awareness

Legend:
: 1- not at all aware
2-slightly aware
3- Somewhat aware
4- Moderately aware
5- Extremely aware

Electrical workers Mean Qualitative description

Used personal protective equipment 4.8 Extremely aware
Follow the health and safety protocol 3.7 Moderately aware
Obey the electrical standard 3.9 Moderately aware
Use electrical tools properly 4.1 Moderately aware
Read the instruction before an electrical 2.3 Slightly aware

device is installed.
Weight mean 3.7 Moderately aware
1- Not at all aware 1.00-1.79

2-Slightly aware 1.80-2.59

3- Somewhat aware 2.60-3.59

4- Moderately aware 3.60- 4.19

5- Extremely aware 4.20-5.00

 Appendix C

CRONASIA FOUNDATION COLLEGE INC.

Andrez-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City, 9500
Tel No. (083) 554-6323/5524051
magandangcronasia@[Link]

“Survey Documentation”
ELMER II M. VILLORIA
Prk.6 Santo nino, apopong
General Santos City
09631453249

_____________________________________________________________
Personal Information
Nickname : Jun
Age : 26
Birthdate : march 8, 1994
Birthplace : kiamba sarangani
Mother : Laura M. Villoria
Occupation : House wife
Father : Elmer P. Villoria
Occupation : Ship Mechanic
Civil Status : Single
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language spoken :Tagalog,Bisaya:
_____________________________________________________________
Educational Background
High School : Notre Dame of Kiamba
2007-2012
Elementary : Kiamba Central Elementary school
2006-2007
DARRYL JAY [Link]
KPS, Brgy. Labangal
General Santos City
09516538617
laurondarryljay@[Link]
______________________________________________________________
Personal Information
Nickname : darryl
Age : 23
Birthdate : December 5, 1997
Birthplace : labangal
Mother : Leonita C. Lauron
Occupation : Housewife
Father :Emilito C. Lauron
Occupation : Guffer
Civil Status : Single but Taken
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language spoken : Tagalog, Bisaya
Interest : Singing, Alsa Baso, tungab butelya
______________________________________________________________
__
Educational Background
Senior High School : Labangal National High School

Elementary : Saavedra saway Elementary School

JOSE D. TABURA JR
Colon, Maasim
Sarangani Province
09383598484

______________________________________________________________
Personal Information
Nickname : Undo
Age : 41
Birthdate : October 01, 1979
Birthplace : Colon Maasim
Mother : Angelina L. Tabura
Occupation : House Wife
Father : Jose C. Tabura Sr.
Occupation : Driver
Civil Status : Married
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language spoken : Tagalog, Bisaya, Cebuano
Interest : segi ug panodlu murag foreman
______________________________________________________________
__
Educational Background
Senior High School : colon National High School
1999-2000
:

Elementary : San Felipe Central Elementary School

1993-1994
RENATO C. PINTOR JR
[Link], Brgy. olympog
General Santos City
09500060362
noypintor@[Link]
______________________________________________________________
__
Personal Information
Nickname : Noy
Age : 23
Birthdate : June 28, 1997
Birthplace : Yusaville, Brgy. sinawal
Mother : Elizabeth [Link]
Occupation : Housewife
Father : Renato D. Pintor Sr
Occupation : Deceased
Civil Status : Single but taken
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : none
Language spoken : Waray, Cebuano, Ilongo, Tagalog, English
Interest : Singing, reading and poker, mang chixx
______________________________________________________________
__
Educational Background
High School : Elias Buscano Sr High School
2010-2014
Elementary : A. Biscayda Elementary school
2006-2010
TOLENTINO V. COSENDAD
Prk. Masunurin, Brgy. San Isidro
General Santos City
09480592205
[Link]@[Link]
______________________________________________________________
__
Personal Information
Nickname : Dodong
Age : 51
Birthdate : January 24, 1970
Birthplace : san Pablo, zamboanga del sur
Mother :Pedrita V. Cosendad
Occupation : House wife
Father :Tolentino P. Cosendad Sr
Occupation : deceased
Civil Status : married
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : catholic
Language spoken : Tagalog, Bisaya
Interest : Singing, basketball, manguyab ug single mom
______________________________________________________________
__
Educational Background
High School : saint andreous academy
1987-1991
Elementary : San Pablo Elementary School
1986-1987
THANLY R. ESTILLORE
PUROK 2, [Link]
General Santos City
09518263864
Thanlyestillore@[Link]
______________________________________________________________
__
Personal Information
Nickname : than
Age : 32
Birthdate : august 6, 1988
Birthplace : tinagacan health clinic
Mother : Carmela G. Estillore
Occupation : House wife
Father : Romeo S. Estillore
Occupation : Brgy. tanod
Civil Status : Single
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language spoken : Bisaya, Tagalog
Interest : Reading, manguyab ug tag duha
______________________________________________________________
__
Educational Background
High school
A.G Busano Sr. high school
2003-2004
Elementary :
[Link] Elementary school
1999-2000