Scribd
Upload
83 views2 pages

Engineering Surveying Leveling Techniques

This document contains two tutorials on engineering surveying techniques: 1. A series of leveling observations are presented with the reduced levels calculated using both the rise and fall method and the height of collimation method. Checks are applied to both sets of calculations. 2. A leveling exercise is described where readings were taken midway and 5m from the stations. The collimation error is calculated from the difference in relative heights between the two setups. The required readings at each station for the second setup are then determined, taking into account the collimation error.

Uploaded by

Ho James
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views2 pages

Engineering Surveying Leveling Techniques

This document contains two tutorials on engineering surveying techniques: 1. A series of leveling observations are presented with the reduced levels calculated using both the rise and fall method and the height of collimation method. Checks are applied to both sets of calculations. 2. A leveling exercise is described where readings were taken midway and 5m from the stations. The collimation error is calculated from the difference in relative heights between the two setups. The required readings at each station for the second setup are then determined, taking into account the collimation error.

Uploaded by

Ho James
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Engineering Surveying (CON3321)

Tutorial 1 (Suggested answer)

1. The following is a series of levelling observations taken in sequence, starting and finishing
on the same bench mark. Complete the reduced levels of each set up using the method of (1)
Rise and Fall and (2) Height of Collimation; and apply all checks.

BS IS FS RL
4.907 22.300
2.136
0.517 4.632
1.789
2.671
1.956 1.745
3.998
4.098
3.136
1.000 22.300

Rise and Fall

Station BS IS FS Rise Fall Provisional Correction Corrected


R.L. R.L.
BM A 4.907 22.300 - 22.300
Spot#1 2.136 2.771 25.071 -0.001 25.070
CP1 0.517 4.632 2.496 22.575 -0.001 22.574
Soffit 1.789 1.272 21.303 -0.002 21.301
Spot#2 2.671 0.882 20.421 -0.002 20.419
CP2 1.956 1.745 0.926 21.347 -0.002 21.345
Spot#3 3.998 2.042 19.305 -0.003 19.302
Road
4.098 0.100 19.205 -0.003 19.202
Level
Spot#4 3.136 0.962 20.167 -0.003 20.164
BM A 1.000 2.136 22.303 -0.003 22.300
7.380 7.377 6.795 6.792 22.303
7.377 6.792 22.300
0.003 0.003 0.003

1
Engineering Surveying (CON3321)

Height of Collimation

Station BS IS FS Collimation Provisional Correction Corrected


R.L. R.L.
BM A 4.907 27.207 22.300 - 22.300
Spot#1 2.136 25.071 -0.001 25.070
CP1 0.517 4.632 23.092 22.575 -0.001 22.574
Soffit 1.789 21.303 -0.002 21.301
Spot#2 2.671 20.421 -0.002 20.419
CP2 1.956 1.745 23.303 21.347 -0.002 21.345
Spot#3 3.998 19.305 -0.003 19.302
Road
4.098 19.205 -0.003 19.202
Level
Spot#4 3.136 20.167 -0.003 20.164
BM A 1.000 22.303 -0.003 22.300
7.380 7.377 22.303
7.377 22.300
0.003 0.003

2. A level was set up midway between two stations A and B, 100m apart, and the following
readings were recorded:
On staff held at A: 1.497 On staff held at B: 3.215

The level was then set up 5m from staff A and the following readings were recorded.
On staff held at A: 1.225 On staff held at B: 3.100

a) Calculate the amount of collimation error; and


True Difference in Height AB, B1 – A1 = 3.215 – 1.497 = 1.718m

Relative Difference in Height AB, B2 – A2 = 3.100 – 1.225 = 1.875m

Collimation Error = [(B2 – A2) – (B1 – A1)] / 100


= [(1.875 – 1.718)] / 100 = 0.00157m / m

b) Calculate the required readings both at A and at B in the second set up.
A3 = 1.225 - 0.00157 * 5 = 1.21715m
B3 = 3.100 - 0.00157 * (100 + 5) = 2.93515m

You might also like