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Correlation Analysis of Experience and Salary

This document contains an activity analyzing the correlation between various variables. It includes: 1) Identifying whether certain variable pairs would have a positive, negative, or no correlation. 2) Questions about correlation, regression, and the strength of relationships between variables. 3) A calculation of the Pearson's r correlation coefficient between years of experience and monthly salary for college instructors, finding a very strong positive relationship where 52% of salary variations are explained by experience.

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Joven Jaravata
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
68 views2 pages

Correlation Analysis of Experience and Salary

This document contains an activity analyzing the correlation between various variables. It includes: 1) Identifying whether certain variable pairs would have a positive, negative, or no correlation. 2) Questions about correlation, regression, and the strength of relationships between variables. 3) A calculation of the Pearson's r correlation coefficient between years of experience and monthly salary for college instructors, finding a very strong positive relationship where 52% of salary variations are explained by experience.

Uploaded by

Joven Jaravata
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ACTIVITY 8 Name: Joven Jaravata (ABPsych1)

1. Determine in each case whether you would expect a positive correlation (+) , a
negative correlation (-) , or no correlation (0):
- a) the amount of rubber on tires and the number of miles they have been driven
+ b) income and education
0 c) shirt size and sense of humor
+ d) the number of hours that bowlers practice and their scores
0 e) hair color and one’s knowledge of military affairs

2. Choose the best answer.


b (a) It identifies the percentage of variation of the variable y that is directly attributable to
the variation of the variable x. ( a. r b. r2 c. slope b d. r = 1)
a (b) It seeks to determine a possible relationship between two variables (x and y).
( a. correlation b. time-series c. regression ) analysis.
a (c) Perfect fit between scatter diagram and regression line.
( a. r = -1 b. r = 0 c. r > 0 d. r < 0)
b (d) 0.11 ≤ r ≤ 0.25
( a. no correlation b. negligible correlation c. moderate correlation d. can’t be determined)

a (e) It aims to determine the strength of relationship between two variables x and y..
( a. correlation b. time-series c. regression ) analysis.

3. The following table gives the experience (in years) and monthly salaries (in
thousands of pesos) of 7 randomly selected college instructors.
Experience 4 6 4 9 18 5 16
Monthly salary 22 17 15 19 24 13 27

a) Compute for the Pearson’s r.

x = 62; y = 137; xy = 1,350; x2 = 754 y2 = 2,833


x = 7; y = 19.57

r= n �� - ( �)( �)
[� �� − ( �) ] [� �� – (

�)�
r= 7 (1,350) - (62)(137)
√[7(754) − (62)^2][7(2,833) - (137)^2
r = 956/ 1,324.06
r = 0.72

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b) Are experience and salaries positively or negatively related? Positive relationship.
If so, how strong is their relationship? Very Strong Perfect Correlation
What would this mean then?
The more (x) experienced or performance, the higher the salary is. This shows that when X
increases (Y) increases.

c) How many percent (%) of the variations in the salaries are accounted for by the number of
years of experience? (0.72)^2 = 0.52 or 52%
How many percent are explained by other factors? 48%.

d) Suggest two of these other factors that may affect the variations in salaries received other
than the experience factor. (1) _Performance Reviews_ and (2) _Number of Reports_.

Interpretation: An r-value equal to +0.72 shows a positive strong correlation between the
experience and monthly salaries of randomly selected college instructors which means that
experienced in years helped increase in salaries.

Page 2 of 7

Common questions

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Besides experience, two additional factors that could account for the remaining 48% variation in salaries are Performance Reviews and Number of Reports. Performance Reviews might influence salary changes through merit-based raises or bonuses dependent on individual performance evaluations. The Number of Reports, indicative of work production or output, might affect salary by reflecting project engagement and contribution levels, potentially leading to salary adjustments based on work contribution .

The statistical measure that identifies the percentage of variation of a dependent variable attributable to the independent variable's variation is the coefficient of determination, represented as r². In the example of salaries and experience, r² is 0.52, meaning 52% of the variation in salaries can be attributed to the years of experience .

A Pearson's r value ranging from 0.11 to 0.25 suggests a negligible correlation. This indicates that although there is a statistical relationship present between the variables, it is weak and likely not significant, meaning that any relationship is minimal and should be cautiously interpreted as potentially due to chance or outside interference .

The correlation between bowler practice hours and scores might be considered zero if practicing hours do not consistently affect scores across individuals, perhaps due to factors like skill plateau, differences in practice quality, or varying personal techniques that mitigate practice effects. If practice does not uniformly influence performance improvements, then practice hours may show no statistical impact on scores, resulting in a correlation close to zero .

The expected correlation between the amount of rubber on tires and the number of miles they have been driven is positive (+). This is because as the number of miles driven increases, the amount of rubber on the tires is expected to decrease, indicating a direct relationship between the two variables .

There is no correlation between hair color and knowledge of military affairs because these two variables are unrelated and independent of each other, meaning the color of a person's hair has no logical or causal link to their knowledge or expertise in military affairs. Such correlations are typically nonexistent or spurious .

An r-value of +0.72 indicates a strong positive correlation. This means that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase. The correlation is considered strong because the r-value is significantly greater than 0 and close to 1, suggesting a substantial linear relationship between the two variables .

If a correlation analysis found a perfect fit with r = -1 between two variables, a critical question would be whether this relationship is causative or merely coincidental. One should investigate whether the data sample accurately represents the populations in question, if all relevant variables were accounted for in the analysis, and whether there was an underlying causal mechanism or if confounding variables contributed to the observed perfect negative correlation .

The document humorously suggests that there might be a correlation between 'shirt size and sense of humor,' indicated with a positive sign (+). This is likely an example of a nonsensical or spurious correlation used to illustrate that not all measurable relationships between variables have logical or scientifically supported connections, highlighting the importance of critical evaluation of statistical results .

The relationship between experience and monthly salary for college instructors is described as a strong positive correlation because the calculated Pearson's r value is 0.72, indicating that as experience (years) increases, monthly salary tends to increase as well. This correlation is considered strong because the r-value is close to 1, showing a significant positive relationship .

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