Tutorial

Chapter 21

Chapter 21, Problem 03

At a certain location, the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field is 2.5 ×
10-5 T, due north. A proton moves eastward with just the right speed, so the magnetic
force on it balances its weight. Find the speed of the proton.

3. REASONING According to Equation 21.1, the magnitude of the magnetic force on a

moving charge is F  q0 vB sin  . Since the magnetic field points due north and the
proton moves eastward, 90.0Furthermore, since the magnetic force on the
moving proton balances its weight, we have mg  q0 vB sin  , where m is the mass of
the proton. This expression can be solved for the speed v.

SOLUTION Solving for the speed v, we have

mg (1.67 10-27 kg)(9.80 m/s2 )

v   4.110-3 m/s
q0 B sin  (1.6 10-19 C)(2.5 10-5 T) sin 90.0

Chapter 21, Problem 07

A magnetic field has a magnitude of 0.0012 T, and an electric field has a magnitude
of 4.6 × 103 N/C. Both fields point in the same direction. A positive 1.8-μC charge
moves at a speed of 3.1 × 106 m/s in a direction that is perpendicular to both fields.
Determine the magnitude of the net force that acts on the charge.

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 1 Dr. S.H. Choy

7. REASONING The magnetic field applies the maximum
magnetic force to the moving charge, because the
motion is perpendicular to the field. This force is
perpendicular to both the field and the velocity. The
electric field applies an electric force to the charge Fmagnetic
that is in the same direction as the field, since the E
charge is positive. These two forces are shown in the
drawing, and they are perpendicular to one another. Felectric B
Therefore, the magnitude of the net field can be v
obtained using the Pythagorean theorem.

SOLUTION According to Equation 21.1, the magnetic force has a magnitude of

Fmagnetic = q vB sin , where q is the magnitude of the charge, B is the magnitude of
the magnetic field, v is the speed, and  = 90 is the angle of the velocity with respect to
the field. Thus, Fmagnetic = q vB. According to Equation 18.2, the electric force has a

magnitude of Felectric = q E. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we find the magnitude of

the net force to be

 q vB    q E   vB 2  E 2
2 2
F  Fmagnetic
2
 Felectric
2
 q

  3.1106 m/s 1.2 103 T    4.6 103 N/C 

2 2
 1.8 106 C  1.1102 N

Chapter 21, Problem 09

The drawing shows a parallel plate capacitor that is moving with a speed of 32 m/s
through a 3.6-T magnetic field. The velocity v is perpendicular to the magnetic field.
The electric field within the capacitor has a value of 170 N/C, and each plate has an
area of 7.5 × 10-4 m2. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force exerted on the
positive plate of the capacitor?

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 2 Dr. S.H. Choy

9. REASONING The positive plate has a charge q and is moving downward with a speed v at
right angles to a magnetic field of magnitude B. The magnitude F of the magnetic force
exerted on the positive plate is F = q vB sin 90.0. The charge on the positive plate is
related to the magnitude E of the electric field that exists between the plates by (see
Equation 18.4) q = 0AE, where A is the area of the positive plate. Substituting this

expression for q into F = q vB sin 90.0gives the answer in terms of known

quantities.

SOLUTION

F    0 AE  vB

 
 8.85  1012 C2 /(N  m 2 )  7.5  104 m 2 170 N/C  32 m/s  3.6 T 

 1.3  1010 N

An application of Right-Hand Rule No. 1 shows that the magnetic force is perpendicular
to the plane of the page and directedout of the page , toward the reader.

Chapter 21, Problem 31

A 45-m length of wire is stretched horizontally between two vertical posts. The wire
carries a current of 75 A and experiences a magnetic force of 0.15 N. Find the
magnitude of the earth's magnetic field at the location of the wire, assuming the field
makes an angle of 60.0° with respect to the wire.

31. REASONING The magnitude F of the magnetic force experienced by the wire is given by
F  ILB sin  (Equation 21.3), where I is the current, L is the length of the wire, B is
the magnitude of the earth’s magnetic field, and  is the angle between the direction of
the current and the magnetic field. Since all the variables are known except B, we can
use this relation to find its value.

SOLUTION Solving F  ILB sin  for the magnitude of the magnetic field, we have

F 0.15 N
B   5.1  105 T
I L sin   75 A  45 m  sin 60.0

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 3 Dr. S.H. Choy

Chapter 21, Problem 35

A wire carries a current of 0.66 A. This wire makes an angle of 49° with respect to a
magnetic field of magnitude 4.7 × 10-5 T. The wire experiences a magnetic force of
magnitude 7.1 × 10-5 N. What is the length of the wire?

35. REASONING According to Equation 21.3, the magnetic force has a magnitude of
F = ILB sin , where I is the current, B is the magnitude of the magnetic field, L is the
length of the wire, and  = 90 is the angle of the wire with respect to the field.

SOLUTION Using Equation 21.3, we find that

F 7.1  105 N
L   3.0 m
IB sin   0.66 A   4.7  105 T  sin 49

Chapter 21, Problem 55

The magnetic field produced by the solenoid in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
system designed for measurements on whole human bodies has a field strength of
7.00 T, and the current in the solenoid is 2.00 × 102 A. What is the number of turns
per meter of length of the solenoid?

55. REASONING The magnitude B of the magnetic field in the interior of a solenoid
that has a length much greater than its diameter is given by B  0nI (Equation
21.7), where 0  4 107 T  m/A is the permeability of free space, n is the
number of turns per meter of the solenoid’s length, and I is the current in the wire
of the solenoid. Since B and I are given, we can solve Equation 21.7 for n.

SOLUTION Solving Equation 21.7 for n, we find that the number of turns per
meter of length is
B 7.0 T
n   2.8 104 turns/m
0 I  

4 10 T  m/A 2.0 10 A
7 2


Chapter 21, Problem 57

Two circular loops of wire, each containing a single turn, have the same radius of 2.8
cm and a common center. The planes of the loops are perpendicular. Each carries a
current of 1.7 A. What is the magnitude of the net magnetic field at the common
center?

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 4 Dr. S.H. Choy

57. REASONING The magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of a circular loop of
current is given by Equation 21.6 as B = N0I/(2R), where N is the number of turns, 0 is
the permeability of free space, I is the current, and R is the radius of the loop. The field
is perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Magnetic fields are vectors, and here we
have two fields, each perpendicular to the plane of the loop producing it. Therefore,
the two field vectors are perpendicular, and we must add them as vectors to get the
net field. Since they are perpendicular, we can use the Pythagorean theorem to
calculate the magnitude of the net field.

SOLUTION Using Equation 21.6 and the Pythagorean theorem, we find that the
magnitude of the net magnetic field at the common center of the two loops is

 N 0 I   N 0 I   N 0 I 
2 2

Bnet       2 
 2R   2R   2R 

2 1  4  107 T  m/A  1.7 A 

  7.6  105 T
2  0.020 m 

Chapter 21, Problem 59

Two long, straight wires are separated by 0.120 m. The wires carry currents of 8.0 A
in opposite directions, as the drawing indicates. Find the magnitude of the net
magnetic field at the points labeled (a) A and (b) B.

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 5 Dr. S.H. Choy

59. REASONING AND SOLUTION Let the current in the left-hand wire be labeled I1 and that
in the right-hand wire I2.

a. At point A: B1 is up and B2 is down, so we subtract them to get the net field. We

have

B1 = µ 0I1/(2 d1) = µ 0(8.0 A)/[2 (0.030 m)]

B2 = µ 0I2/(2 d2) = µ 0(8.0 A)/[2 (0.150 m)]

So the net field at point A is

BA = B1  B2 = 4.3  10 5 T

b. At point B: B1 and B2 are both down so we add the two. We have

B1 = 0(8.0 A)/[2 (0.060 m)]

B2 = 0(8.0 A)/[2 (0.060 m)]

So the net field at point B is

BB = B1 + B2 = 5.3  10 5 T

Chapter 21, Problem 61

Two circular coils are concentric and lie in the same plane. The inner coil contains
140 turns of wire, has a radius of 0.015 m, and carries a current of 7.2 A. The outer
coil contains 180 turns and has a radius of 0.023 m. What must be the magnitude of
the current in the outer coil, such that the net magnetic field at the common center of
the two coils is zero?

61. REASONING The magnitude Bi of the magnetic field at the center of the inner coil is
given by Equation 21.6 as Bi  0 Ii Ni / (2Ri ) , where Ii, Ni, and Ri are, respectively,
the current, the number of turns, and the radius of the inner coil. The magnitude Bo of
the magnetic field at the center of the outer coil is Bo  0 Io No / (2Ro ) . In order that
the net magnetic field at the common center of the two coils be zero, the individual
magnetic fields must have the same magnitude, but opposite directions. Equating the

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 6 Dr. S.H. Choy

 magnitudes of the magnetic fields produced by the inner and outer coils will allow us to
find the current in the outer coil.

SOLUTION Setting Bi = Bo gives

0 I i N i 0 Io No

2 Ri 2 Ro

Solving this expression for the current in the outer coil, we have

  Ro   140
Ni turns   0.023 m 
I o  Ii 

   7.2 A    8.6 A

No   Ri 


 180 turns   0.015 m 


In order that the two magnetic fields have opposite directions, the current in the outer
coil must have an opposite direction to the current in the inner coil.

AP10001 Introduction to Physics 7 Dr. S.H. Choy