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Five Postulates of Euclidean Geometry

The document outlines the five postulates of Euclidean Geometry, which serve as foundational rules for constructing geometric figures using a ruler and compass. It highlights the significance of the Parallel Postulate, which has challenged mathematicians and led to the development of non-Euclidean geometries. Additionally, it includes activities related to the use of educational technology in teaching and learning, prompting analysis of specific technologies and software.

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Dave Sabandon
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11 views28 pages

Five Postulates of Euclidean Geometry

The document outlines the five postulates of Euclidean Geometry, which serve as foundational rules for constructing geometric figures using a ruler and compass. It highlights the significance of the Parallel Postulate, which has challenged mathematicians and led to the development of non-Euclidean geometries. Additionally, it includes activities related to the use of educational technology in teaching and learning, prompting analysis of specific technologies and software.

Uploaded by

Dave Sabandon
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MODERN GEOMETRY

Geometry/Five Postulates of Euclidean Geometry


Postulates in geometry are very similar to axioms, self-evident truths, and beliefs in logic, political philosophy
and personal decision-making. The five postulates of Euclidean Geometry define the basic rules governing
the creation and extension of geometric figures with ruler and compass. Together with the five axioms (or
"common notions") and twenty-three definitions at the beginning of Euclid's Elements, they form the basis for
the extensive proofs given in this masterful compilation of ancient Greek geometric knowledge. They are as
follows:

1. A straight line segment may be drawn from any given point to any other.
2. A straight line may be extended to any finite length.
3. A circle may be described with any given point as its center and any distance as its radius.
4. All right angles are congruent.
5. If a straight line intersects two other straight lines, and so makes the two interior angles on one side of
it together less than two right angles, then the other straight lines will meet at a point if extended far
enough on the side on which the angles are less than two right angles.
Postulate 5, the so-called Parallel Postulate was the source of much annoyance, probably even to Euclid, for
being so relatively prolix. Mathematicians have a peculiar sense of aesthetics that values simplicity arising
from simplicity, with the long complicated proofs, equations and calculations needed for rigorous certainty
done behind the scenes, and to have such a long sentence amidst such other straightforward, intuitive
statements seems awkward. As a result, many mathematicians over the centuries have tried to prove the results
of the Elements without using the Parallel Postulate, but to no avail. However, in the past two centuries,
assorted non-Euclidean geometries have been derived based on using the first four Euclidean postulates
together with various negations of the fifth.
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 1
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
BOONS AND BANE OF TECHONOLOGY
THE ROLES OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
1. CHOOSE A TECHNOLOGY USED IN TEACHING AND LEARNING STUDENTS
- WHAT IS THAT TECHNOLOGY?
- WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THAT TECHNOLOGY?
- HOW TO USE THAT TECHNOLOGY?
2. CHOOSE A SOFTWARE USED IN TEACHING AND LEARNING STUDENTES.
- WHAT IS THAT SOFTWARE/ APPLICATION?
- WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THAT SOFTWARE/
APPLICATION?
- HOW TO USE THAT SOFTWARE/ APPLICATION?

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