GATE FIRING CIRCUITS FOR SCR’S
R-C TRIGGERING CIRCUIT
AIM:
To study “R-C Triggering” of thyristors with voltage waveform with Resistance load at different
firing angles.
APPARATUS:
1. ‘RC’ firing circuit trainer kit
2. Decade Resistance box
3. CRO
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION:
1. RC : Control potentiometer - 5K Ohms
2. D1&D2 : Diode - IN 5402
3. C : Capacitor 4.7f/100V for R-C Triggering
4. T : SCR-TYN 612, 12 Amp/600V
5. Rg : Gate current limiting resistor
6. Load : Terminals to connect load
THEORY:
The capacitor is connected in the circuit for shifting the phase of the gate [Link] capacitor
is charged through D2 upto the negative peak value of the applied voltage and it is discharged
through potentiometer, resistor and supply. The value of R and C are choosen in such a way that
the negative charged capacitor can be discharged fully and charged in the positive direction upto
Vgmin between 00 to /20 of the positive half cycle. The discharging rate of the capacitor is
controlled by the Pot. When the capacitor charges to positive voltage equal to the gate triggering
voltage Vgt, SCR is fired and after this, capacitor holds upto a small positive voltage. Diode D 1 is
used to prevent breakdown of the cathod to gate junction through D2 during negative half cycle.
When SCR triggers, voltage drop across it falls to 1 to 1.5 V. This, in turn, lowers the voltage
across R and C to this low value of 1 to 1.5 V. Low voltage across SCR during conduction
period keeps C discharged in positive half cycle until negative voltage cycle across C appears. If
R is more, the time taken for C to charge upto V gt is more, firing angle is more and therefore
average output voltage is low.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
OBSERVATIONS
Firing Angle () Output Capacitor Voltage Thyristor
[Link].
(0 < < 180) Voltage (V0) (VC) Voltage (VT)
1.
2.
3.
4
WAVEFORMS
PROCEDURE:
1. Make the connections as given in the circuit.
2. Connect a Rheostat of 100 Ohm between the load points.
3. Vary the control pot and observe the voltage wave forms across load, SCR and at
different points of the circuit.
4. Observe the variation in the capacitor voltage with respect to the SCR voltage as RF pot
is varied and note down the minimum and maximum value of the firing angle. We can
vary the firing angle from 00 to 1800 approximately.
RESULT:
practical output waveforms should follow the model waveforms.
INFERENCE:
The range of firing angle circuit is from 0 to 1800.
QUESTIONS:
1. What are drawbacks of R-C triggering circuit?
2. The applications of R-C triggering circuit are ______________________
3. ___________________is the effect if D2 is not connected in RC triggering.
4. The function of capacitance in RC triggering circuit is _______________
5. The relation between R & C in RC Triggering is ___________________
6. What are drawbacks of R-C triggering circuit.
7. What is the value of ‘C’ when there is low voltage across SCR during conduction period?
8. When the firing of SCR takes place ?
