: Remember that befor Example
Symbols of sets
𝜉𝜉 is read as universal of set Means (all members).
∪ is read as Union
Means all elements (members) between two sets or more two
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sets.
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13 gg
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∩ Intersection Means the common element between
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two sets or more two sets.
𝑛𝑛 (𝐴𝐴) is read as (numbers of members in 𝐴𝐴)….
01 re
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�𝑨𝑨\ � 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 Complement 𝐴𝐴 Means remove members 𝐴𝐴 from
universal set and write remainder members.
(𝑨𝑨 − 𝑩𝑩) is read as The set 𝐴𝐴 difference set 𝐵𝐵..Means write members
inset 𝐴𝐴 not found set 𝐵𝐵.
(𝑨𝑨 ∪ 𝑩𝑩) 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 set 𝐴𝐴 union set 𝐵𝐵, Means write all number
between 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 but write repeated member only once.
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(𝑨𝑨 ∩ 𝑩𝑩) 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “set𝐴𝐴 intersection 𝐵𝐵”Means write common
member between 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵.
𝒏𝒏(𝑨𝑨 ∪ 𝑩𝑩) is read as (number of 𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵) “ Means write number of
member between union 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵.
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𝒏𝒏(𝑨𝑨 ∩ 𝑩𝑩) 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “number of (𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵) ” Means write number of
common members between 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵.
3
13 gg
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(𝑨𝑨 ∪ 𝑩𝑩)\ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 “Complement (𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵) Means find (𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵) and
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remove members from universal.
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(𝑨𝑨 ∩ 𝑩𝑩)\ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “Complement (𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵) Means, find (𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵)
and remove members from universal.
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∈ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “ belong to” Means member in set
EX , 𝑎𝑎 ∈ 𝑥𝑥 means member 𝑎𝑎 found in set 𝑥𝑥
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∉ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 Means member is not found in
Set
Ex , 𝑎𝑎 ∉ 𝑥𝑥 means member a is not found in set x
⊂ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “ subset” Means set to set.
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𝑥𝑥 = {3,4} , 𝑦𝑦 = {1,2,3,4}
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Then,
13 gg 𝑥𝑥 ⊂ 𝑦𝑦 “all elements in set 𝑥𝑥 is found in set 𝑦𝑦.
85
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⊄ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 “not subset” Means set not found to set.
𝑥𝑥 = {3,4}, 𝑦𝑦 = {1,5,7}
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Then, 𝑥𝑥 ⊄ 𝑦𝑦 “members 𝑥𝑥 is not found in 𝑦𝑦.
Ta
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The Venn diagram shows a universal set 𝝃𝝃 and three sets A, B and C.
E
A
3
7 6 C
2
10
7 , 6 , 3 , 2 and 10 represent
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the numbers of elements
3
(i) n ( A B)
13 gg
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(ii) n ( A)
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(iii) n (B ∩C \ )
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(iv) n ( A\∪ B \ )
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solution
,
From given :- Set 𝐴𝐴 = {7,6} Set 𝐵𝐵 = {2,3,6}
Set𝐶𝐶 = {2}
And universal 𝜉𝜉 = (2,3,6,7,10)
Remember
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𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 means 𝟔𝟔
members
7 6 not number
3
13 gg 6
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Means 7 members not number 𝟕𝟕 ……….. etc
Then:-
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(i) 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵)is read as (number of set 𝐴𝐴 Union set 𝐵𝐵)∪(Union) means
write all elementsin set 𝐴𝐴 and set 𝐵𝐵.
Then, 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴)numbers of elements in set
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Means
𝐴𝐴 = {7 + 6} = 13 elements
𝑛𝑛(𝐵𝐵) Means numbers of elements in set 𝐵𝐵
write 6 again
because you write it in set 𝐴𝐴.
Then 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵) = {7 + 6}– {2 + 3} = 18
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(ii) 𝑛𝑛 �𝐴𝐴\ � Firstly 𝐴𝐴1 means write remove elements of 𝐴𝐴
and write remainder elements.
Then,𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴) = {7 + 6} = 13
Then 𝑛𝑛 (𝐴𝐴\ ) = {3 + 2 + 10} = 15
(iii) 𝑛𝑛�𝐵𝐵 ∩ 𝐶𝐶 \ � is read number of 𝐵𝐵 intersection number
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complement 𝑐𝑐
n (𝐶𝐶 \ ) = 3 + 6 + 7 + 10 = 26
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13 gg𝑛𝑛(𝐵𝐵) = 3 + 2 + 6 = 11
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Then 𝑛𝑛(𝐵𝐵 ∩ 𝐶𝐶 \ ) = {3 + 6} = 9
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(iv) 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴\ ∪ 𝐵𝐵\ ) B read as “numbers of complement 𝐴𝐴 union number
of complement 𝐵𝐵
Then 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴\ ) = {2,3 + 10}
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𝑛𝑛(𝐵𝐵\ ) = {7 + 10}
Then 𝑛𝑛(𝐴𝐴\ ∪ 𝐵𝐵\ ) = {2 + 3 + 7 + 10} = 22
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201