4 A’s LESSON PLAN
I – OBJECTIVES
Identify the depression
Examine the signs and symptoms of depression
Identify community service agencies that support individuals concerned about mental-
emotional health issues.
Apply the importance of mental health awareness, especially depression, in the
Philippines
II – SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Depression
B. Reference:
Silakbo: [Link]
WHO: [Link]
Slideshare: [Link]
C. Materials Used :
Laptop
Internet
Projector
Speaker
LMS (Learning Management System)
III – PROCEDURE
1. Activity
1.1Preparatory Activity
` 1.1.1 Prayer
1.1.2 Greetings
1.1.3 Classroom Management (if online, disregard)
1.1.4 Attendance
1.2 Motivation
1.2.1 The student watches a motivational video regarding
Depression
1.3 Lesson Proper.
What is Depression?
Everyone occasionally feels blue or sad. But these feelings are usually short-lived and pass
within a couple of days. When you have depression, it interferes with daily life and causes
pain for both you and those who care about you. Depression is a common but serious illness.
DEFINITION
• Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of
interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low
energy, and poor concentration.
• Depression is the leading cause of disability as measured and the 4th leading contributor
to the global burden of disease (DALYs) in 2000. By the year 2020, depression is
projected to reach 2nd place of the ranking of DALYs calculated for all ages, both sexes.
Today, depression is already the 2nd cause of DALYs in the age category 15-44 years for
both sexes combined.
PREVALENECE
• Depression occurs in persons of all genders, ages, and backgrounds.
Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally, more than 264 million people of all
ages suffer from depression (WHO, 2020).
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the
overall global burden of disease.
More women are affected by depression than men.
Depression can lead to suicide.
There are effective psychological and pharmacological treatments for moderate and
severe depression.
What are the different forms of depression?
There are several forms of depressive disorders.
1. Major depressive disorder, or major depression
2. Dysthymic disorder, or dysthymia
3. Minor depression
• Psychotic depression,
• Postpartum depression
• Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
4. Bipolar disorder
Signs And Symptoms Of Depression
o Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings
o Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism
o Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness
o Irritability, restlessness
o Loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable, including sex\
o Fatigue and decreased energy
o Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions\
o Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping\
o Overeating, or appetite loss
o Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts
o Aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that do not ease even
with treatment.
What mental illness co-exist with depression?
o Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
o Obsessive-compulsive disorder
o Panic disorder
o Social phobia
o Generalized anxiety disorder
o Depression also may occur with other serious medical illnesses such as heart
disease, stroke, cancer, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and Parkinsons disease
CAUSES OF DEPRESSION
1. Genetic or Hereditary
2. Biological / Biochemical / Medication
3. Dietary\
4. Environmental\
5. Socio Cultural Factors / Situations / Relationships / Personality
DIAGNOSIS
•History Collection
•Mental Status Examination
•ICD – 10 Criteria
MANAGEMENT• Antidepressants primarily work on brain chemicals called
neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and norepinephrine. Other antidepressants work on
the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Anti depressants
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline
(Zoloft), escitalopram (Lexapro), paroxetine (Paxil), and citalopram (Celexa)
are some of the most commonly prescribed SSRIs for depression.
• Tricyclics are older antidepressants. Tricyclics are powerful, but they are not used
as much today because their potential side effects are more [Link]:
Imipramine and Nortriptyline
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are the oldest class of antidepressant
medications. They can be especially effective in cases of “atypical"
depression.• People who take MAOIs must avoid certain foods and beverages
(including cheese and red wine) that contain a substance called tyramine.
Psychotherapy
• Cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT)CBT helps people with depression
restructure negative thought patterns.
• Interpersonal therapy (IPT)IPT helps people understand and work through
troubled relationships that may cause their depression
• Electroconvulsive therapy For cases in which medication and/or psychotherapy
does not help relieve a persons treatment- resistant depression, electroconvulsive
therapy (ECT) may be useful.
MENTAL HEALTH RESOURCES IN THE PHILIPPHINES?
Online Telemental Health Services
Mind Care Club: NCR-based network of mental health psychiatrists, psychologists, and
counselors delivering treatment and therapy through video conference online
Recovery Hub: Cebu-based mental health platform that offers Psychiatric Consultations
with licensed Filipino doctors through video conference online. Contact them at
their Facebook page or through landline at (032) 344 2142.
Hotlines
New DOH – National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) Crisis Hotlines – 0917 899
8727 (USAP) and (02) 7-989-8727 (USAP)
Natasha Goulbourn Foundation (NGF) – (02) 8-804-HOPE (4673), 0917 558 HOPE
(4673) or 2919 (toll-free for GLOBE and TM subscribers).
In Touch Community Services Crisis Lines – Relationship problems, addiction, abuse,
other emotional problems. (02) 8-893 7603, 0917 8001123 (Globe subscribers), 0922
8938944 (Sun subscribers). Email at crisisline@[Link].
Living Free Foundation – Addiction, individual and marital counseling. Contact them at
0917 883 3161 or through livingfreefoundation@[Link].
Mood Harmony – Makati Medical Center’s mood disorder support group. (02) 844-2941.
Dial-a-Friend – (02) 5251743 or (02) 5251881.
UGAT Foundation – Psychospiritual counseling. (02) 8-426-6496; ugat@[Link]
700 Club Asia – Prayer and counseling services via chat and Skype. Contact their Manila
Office through these contact information: (02) 8-737-0700; 1-800-1-888-8700 (toll-free);
0949-889-8138 (Smart); 0943-706-7633/ 0943-145-4815 (Sun); 0917-836-1531 (Globe),
Skype: the700clubasia, email: prayforme@[Link].
A. ANALYSIS
Instruction: Answer the following question
1. What is depression?
2. What is the importance of being knowledgeable about depression,
especially during pandemic?
B. APPLICATION
Instruction: On the given link, answer the following question.
Write an essay about the current situation of mental health in the
Philippines. As a student, how can you promote the awareness.
IV – EVALUATION
Instruction: On the given link, answer the following question.
Write UP if the statement is sign or symptoms of depression and DOWN if not.
______________1. Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings
______________2. Generalized anxiety disorder
______________3. Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism
______________4. Social phobia
______________5. Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness
______________6. Postpartum depression
______________7. Panic disorder
______________8. Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions\
______________9. Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping\
______________10.Psychotic depression.
V – ASSIGNMENT / AGREEMENT
Instruction: On the given link, attached your answer.
Draw an emoticon that describe your feelings in this current situation. Explain why you
draw that emoticon.