SHORT QUE5TIONS AND QUESTION TAGS
A: My brether's gone fo live in Austratia.
Questions and short answers S: fCas&el
Yau wer* ai home last night, were*'t yau?
1 Auxiliary verbs
We use be, have and do to form tenses, questions and negative
forms, and we use them in short answers, question tags, etc. tr?*ffiqrl
In a[[ these cases they are called auxiliary verbs.
. 1 Choose the correct auxiliary verb.
We use be (+ verb + -ing) to form continuous tenses.
Present continuous: l4e'sstudylngto become a doctar. 1 Where are / do your parents come from?
Past continuous: I was fa{fci*g ta tharles tlte *ther day" 2 Johnny is / has got'16 cousins!
. We use have (+ past participle) to form perfect tenses. 3 | reatty enjoyed the concert, but the others we ren't I didn't.
Present perfect: Vle've bee* here for three montlts. 4 A: Have you got any money with you?
Past perfect: The film had started wltefi we gotthere. B: No, I don't / haven't.
. We use do in simple tenses (in the question and negative forms). 5 Where were I did you born?
Present simp[e: Do aLl yaur family {ive raund hereT 6 My boyfriend tikes my new hairstyle, but my mother
Past simple: i didtt't getyour email. isn't / doesn't.
7 How is /does your course going?
2 Auxiliary verbs in questions
2 Complete the questions with suitable words.
. In conthuous and perfect tenses, questions are formed by
inverting the subject and auxitiary verb.
1_ were your parents born, in China or in America?
ts he studying to became a d*ctor7
2 _'s your new car going?
i-iav's long kave yawr brather and sister llved hereT
3 do vou have lunch normallv?
. In simple tenses, we adddo/does ordid(see above).
4 What _ you studying at university?
5_ _ do you want: red or blue?
3 Mr- questions 6_ _ _ books do you like?
. 7_ bag is this?
We form many questions with wh- words and phrases.
8_ _ do you go to the gym?
V'lhert ...V Wfuere...? What...?
Whit?2...V why "..? Wito...? 3 Put the words in the correct order to make questions.
l#h*se.""i Haw...? Vllzat kind af ...V
Vli:et s*rt *{.."? ttlhattint* "".?
1 the rest of your famity / speak / do / Engtish ?
What ca!*ur ...?
W:ish baak/ seha*tfw* man, etc. ...7 How many ...?
2 your aunt and uncle / children I have / many / how / do ?
!-iowmush...? How*fter.."? How aid ...?
3 your brother / which / go I gym I to / does ?
What exactly .."? Where exact!" . .? Why exactly .."7
4 go / what / out / you and your friends / do / time ?
. 5 born / were I where / your brothers and sisters?
Notice the word order after most Wh- ouestions.
6 apptying / you / which / Lo / are / university ?
t*-., iRuxiliary i i"oi".i : il*J, :
i *::11 i ::'b_
:
i ! "t.: i
i What i are i your friends i arriving? : Present simple and Present continuous
i time
: .. "" -.':"i
"' .!.....i
i where i ao the other i tive? i
1 Present simple
students in i :
:i- "1"
your class i :: l/You/We/They work.
i*
i
.'..',.'''''.-'..'.'.'''''. "..'.''..''...'.i
What kind i does your boyfriend i listen to? He/She/lt work.
! of music :
i
don't (= do not) work.
l{I_::1*-:1't"v
4 Auxiliaries used on their own He/She/lt doesn't (= does not) work.
SHORTANSWERS Do l/you/we/they work?
. These can make the speaker sound more polite/interested.
&: #av* yo:.t b**t: lsere **f*re7
;;;;;./ilil;;
8: Y*s, iFeave, We use the Present simple for:
. We also use auxiliaries to avoid repeating long sentences. . repeated actions or habits. We ga aut *ver-v Saturday night.
A: **es y*::r family liu'* i* Farls? . something we see as permanent. t41,: sister warks in a bas:k.
*: l4y f*ther 6aes, isut mv ;x*tit*r doe:n't. . describing a state that doesn't change. ! l**kiike my m*tn*r