09/03/2019!
Identify?
Direct Retainer
Dr. S.Q. BDS (Pak.) MSc. (U.K.)!
Asst. Prof. of Prosthodontics!
Fatima Jinnah Dental College!
Parts of a direct Retainer
Identify?
What is a Direct Retainer?
! Component part applied to resist movement
away from the teeth and/or tissue provides
retention for the prosthesis and is called the
Direct retainer !
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09/03/2019!
Define a Direct Retainer
Do not forget....
! A direct retainer is any unit of a removable dental
prosthesis that engages an abutment tooth or implant ! The direct retainer s ability to resist this movement is
to resist displacement of the prosthesis away from greatly influenced by the stability and support
basal seat tissue! of the prosthesis provided by major and minor
connectors, rests, and tissue bases!
Retention for CPD
WHat do you see in the image below?
! Primary Retention for RPD- !
• Accomplished mechanically by placing retaining elements on
abutment teeth!
• Secondary retention for RPD-!
• Provided by intimate relationship of denture bases and Major
connector !
Types of Direct Retainers
Parts of Clasp
! Retentive Arm- !
• 2 parts: Shoulder and Retentive Terminal!
! Intra-Coronal! • Shoulder; placed above the height of contour!
! Extra-Coronal:! • Retentive Terminal; only component of P.D. placed cervical
to the H.O.C!
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09/03/2019!
Parts of Clasp
Basic principles of clasp design
! 2. Reciprocal Arm-!
! Principle of encirclement- Direct Retainer must
• A rigid clasp arm placed above the height of contour opposite encircle the tooth!
to the retentive arm.!
! Means that more the 180 degrees in the greatest
circumference of the tooth!
Function of Reciprocal Clasp Arm! Basic principles of Clasp Design
Resist tipping forces generated by the retentive arm as it
!
! The occlusal rest must be designed to prevent
passes over the height of contour
movement of the clasp arm towards the cervical!
• Helps stabilize the denture against lateral forces
! Retentive clasp arm should be opposed by reciprocal
• As it lies on the supra-bulge clasp arm!
• it contributes somewhat to the ! Clasps on abutment teeth adjacent to free end saddle
cases should be designed to avoid tipping and
• vertical support
rotational forces to the abutment. (They should act as
stress-breakers)!
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09/03/2019!
Principles of Clasp Design
Principles of Clasp Design
! Retentive clasps should be bilaterally opposed
(buccal retention on one side of the arch ! Reciprocal elements should be located at the junction of gingival and middle third
of the crowns of the abutment tooth. the terminal end is placed in the gingival
should be opposed by buccal retention on the third of the crown!
other side)!
Surveying
Surveying
! The presence of undercut!
The contour of the undercuts relative to the gingivae will
! The contour of the undercuts relative to the !
determine if the clasp is to be gingivally approaching or
gingival margin! occlusally approaching!
! The depth of the undercut!
Identify?
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09/03/2019!
RPI system
RPI SYstem
! R- Rest!
! P-Proximal Plate!
! I- I Bar!
rpi system
Guide planes
Used Primary with Distal extension bases!
Define guide plan?
Identify
! Two or more parallel axial surfaces on abutment teeth
which can be used to limit the path of insertion and
improve the stability GPT!
! Design of Guide Plane:!
! Flat surfaces parallel to the path of insertion!
! Control and limit movement of RPD!
! Stabilizing the RPD against retentive Clasp!
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09/03/2019!
Function of rpi system
RPi Vs Other clasp
! Allows vertical rotation into the denture bearing area
without damaging the supporting structures of ! A distal extension should not be rigidly
abutment tooth! attached to the abutment tooth by a
combination of stiff clasp and long guide
plates. !
Potentially harmful
torque is thus ! If a rigid clasp assembly is used in a long
prevented! cantilever arm it would result in the RPD
acting like extraction forceps!
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