NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
FLDMEOL_CIVP34
Mechanics of Fluids – Laboratory
Submitted by:
Leader: AMAT, ANGELICA
Members: DE VEGA, JOAN MICHELLE
MARQUESES, LOVELYN
QUINTO, PATRICK GERALD
RAYMUNDO, NICOLE
Submitted to:
Engr. Anthony T. De Castro
January 25, 2021
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
PROBLEM SETS
1. The force on a rectangular gate, with the top edge even with the liquid surface,
acts _____ of the way down.
Given:
Answer:
𝟐𝐇 𝐇
𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐨𝐩 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞
𝟑 𝟑
2. If a triangular gate with height of 12 m and submerged in liquid with its vertex
at the liquid surface, what is the depth of its center of pressure?
Given:
Solution:
2
y1 = ( ) ∗ (12) = 8 m.
3
Center of Pressure:
Ycentroid of pressure = y1 + (Itriangle)*(Ay1)
Bh3
Itriangle = Bh3 = ( 36 ) = h2
=
12∗12
= 8 m2
A 36 Bh 18 18
( )
2
8
Ycentroid of pressure = 8 + 8
Ycentroid of pressure = 𝟗𝒎 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐭𝐨𝐩
3. A circular gate of 4m diameter is vertical and submerged in a liquid with its
upper edge coincident with the liquid surface. Compute the eccentricity and the
depth of center of pressure.
Given:
Solution:
2
πD πD2 Icircular D2
Icircular = ; Acircular = ; =
64 4 Acircular 16
Icircular (4)2
Ycenter of pressure = y1 + =2+
Acircular 16 (2)
Ycenter of pressure = 2.5m from the depth of the center pressure
Eccentricity, e = Ycenter of pressure - y1
= 2.5 m – 2m
e = 0.5 m
4. A triangle of height 6m and 4m base and submerged in liquid with its vertex
at a distance 2m below the liquid surface. Calculate the location where the
hydrostatic force is acting from the liquid surface.
Given:
Solution:
Bh
3
(4)∗(6)3 Bh (4)∗(6)
Icircular = = = 24 m ; Acircular = = = 12m2
36 36 2 2
Y1 = 2+4 = 6 m ; So, center of pressure is,
Icircular 24
Ycenter of pressure = Y1 +A circular
= 6 + 12∗6
1
Ycenter of pressure = 6+
3
Ycenter of pressure = 6.333m from the top
5. A vat holding paint (with relative density of 0.80) is 8m long and 4m deep and
has a trapezoidal cross section 3m at the bottom and 5m at the top. Compute
the force on the trapezoidal end panel. Use specific weight of water equal to
9.79 kN/m3.
Given:
Specific gravity of the paint = 0.8, therefore,
Density of the paint = 800 kg per cu.m.
Solution:
1
V = Trapezoidal Surface area Depth = (( ) ∗ (4) ∗ (3 + 5)) ∗ (8)
2
V = 128m3 , Thus:
Weight of paint = Density of paint x Volume of paint
Weight of paint = 800 kg per cu.m * 128m3
Weight of paint = 102400 kg.
By Pascal’s Principle, assume point can be modelled as a fluid ( pressure
on all sides of the vat is uniformed. Therefore,
F trapezoidal end panel / A trapezoidal end panel = F bottom panel / A bottom panel
F trapezoidal end panel = F bottom panel * (A trapezoidal end panel / A bottom panel)
F trapezoidal end panel = Weight of paint * (0.5 ∗ 4 ∗ (3 + 5))/(3 ∗ 8)
F trapezoidal end panel = 68266.66 N
6. Gate AB in the figure is 16 ft long and 8 ft wide. Neglecting the weight of the
gate, compute the water level, h for which the gate will start to fall.
Given:
Solution:
Gate AB, L= 16 ft and W = 8ft
8∗h
Area =( ) = 9.2376 ft 2
sin(60)
Location of CG*y1= h/2, from resultant force on gate (F) is
F = yAy1 = 62.4*9.2376*h*h/2
F = 288.213 h2 lb.
Moment of Inertia about CG
1 H 3
Ig = BH 3 /12 = 12 ∗ 8 ∗ (Sin 60) = 1.0264 h3 ft 4
Vertical distance of cp from free surface,
2 H
yp= y1 + (Ig sin 𝛳)/Ay1 = 2 + (1.0264 ∗ h3 sin2 60) / (9.2376 *h*h/2)
yp = 0.6669h
Distance of F from B,
h−0.6669h
A = sin60 = 0.384h
Taking moment of B’
11000 ∗ 16 − 288.213h2 ∗ 0.384h = 0
110.673h3 = 176000
176000
h3 = = 1590.270
110.673
h = 11.672 ft.