An Assignment

On

‘’Spirit Of Liberation War: Achievements and Failures’’

Course Title: Functional English

Course Code: GED101

Submitted to:

Mst. Rezwana karim

Lecturer

Department of Law, BAIUST

Submitted by:

Md. Abul Hossen

ID: 5203025

LLB (Level 1, Term I)

Department Of Law

Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology (BAIUST)

Date of Submission: 14.07.20

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 Contents

Introduction 3

Background of Bangladesh 3-5

Reflection of spirit of liberation war 5

The spirit of the war of liberation in Bengali literature 5-6

Our achievements 6-7

Yet to achieve 7-8

Failures of spirit of liberation war in national life 8

Conclusion 8-9

References 9

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Introduction: For freedom in the world, people have dedicated life in the age of ages. The
Bengali nation was bound in the chains of the subordination long. Our Independence war is the
finest moment in thousand years of our history, when the peace-loving and unarmed Bengali,
through indomitable spirit and courage, fought and achieved freedom and independence from
alien rule. In 1971, the spirit of freedom of Bengalis was exposed to the success of the liberation
war. Although the liberation war took place in 1971, the battle of this war was constructed from
quite earlier. When we review the thousands of years of Bengal, we can see that the Bengali
nation has been repeatedly under the control of foreign country and ruling cycle. But the Bengali
nation was right, but did not accept the convenience of the second. They have fought for ages;
they have chosen the spirit of liberation war. After the freedom of Bengal in 1757, the struggle of
Bengalis was unforgettable in the English internal movement. After the distance of the Pakistani
state after the departure of the English, the liberation of Bengal moved towards the inevitable
war due to the discrimination of the ruling party. Our people from all walks of life, in response to
the clarion call by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, fought the war on every front. The
dream dreamt by our people during liberation war still to be fulfilled. We have achieved many
gains for which we should feel proud.1

Background of Bangladesh: 1. The purpose of the War of Liberation: The worst example of the
oppression and torture of Western ruling and torture is the night of March 25. In the direction of
this voice, the worst brutal killing, destruction began in different places of the country, in the
direction of the ruler and sedimentary of Pakistan in Kala night. And the people of this country
tribute the desire of independent sovereign Bangladesh to be saved from this carnage and
destruction. The free homeland will be for education, health, joyful assurance. Liberation war
took place mainly based on three main points. Namely:
(1) A sheath-minded society
(2) Is a free and liberal democratic environment and
(3) Establishment of human values.
The farmer - workers, student people, teachers, journalists, intellectuals, including intellectuals,
including the goal, joined the freedom war in the freedom war. This is how the war of liberation
war.
2. Preparation for the War of Liberation:

[Link] For Law Book; Hossain Mohammad Reza

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In 1947, the independent Pakistan state was established based on two-lived theory of bi-
zoography theory. The discrimination of the West Pakistani ruling is revealed when they
established Urdu as a state language of Pakistan .The people formed a fierce movement to
protect the honor of the mother tongue. On 21 February 1952, for the sake of the language, the
Damal children of Bengali were shot dead by the police in the state uniforms of Western ruling
class. Unprecedented nationalist consciousness was born all over the country centered on
language. In fact, it was the language movement of Bayanna that sharpened the liberation war of
Bengali nation.
3. Freedom struggle of 1971:
Bangladesh was not born because of an historical accident. Nor was it the gift of a departing
Colonial power. Our nationhood emerged out of a bloody war of liberation. The armed struggle
was the culmination of a series of events, situations and issues contributing to the progressively
Deteriorating relations between East and West Pakistan. The questions of land reforms, state
language, inter-wing economic and administrative disparities, provincial autonomy, the defense
of East Pakistan and many other consequential questions had been straining the relations
between the two wings of Pakistan ever since independence of the country from Britain in 1947.
The general elections of 1970 had made Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the leader of the awami league
Which bagged 167 seats out of 169 allotted or East Pakistan, the sole spokesman of the people of
East Pakistan d majority leader in the Pakistan National Assembly. But the Pakistan civil and
military ruling clique had refused to transfer N he majority leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and
his party. Sheikh Mujib also refused to yield to the pressure put on him for undue power
accommodation .Sheikh's historic address on 7 March 1971 made this point quite clear to the
Pakistani military junta. Then began the civil disobedience movement. Meanwhile talks started
between Mujib and Yahiya to resolve the outstanding issues. No sooner the talks failed, the
genocide began, with the Pakistan army's crackdown on the people of East Pakistan on the
midnight of 25 March 1971 called Operation Searchlight in East Pakistan against Bengali
civilians, students, intelligentsia, and armed personnel. The violence unleashed by the Pakistani
forces on 25 March 1971, proved the last straw to the efforts to negotiate a settlement Following
these outrages, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman signed an official declaration that read: Today
Bangladesh is a sovereign and independent country." Sheikh Mujib also called upon the people
to resist the occupation forces through a radio message. A telegram containing the text of Sheikh

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Mujibur Rahman's declaration reached some students in Chittagong. The message was translated
to Bengali by Dr. Manjula Anwar. However, M A Hannan, an Awami League leader from
Chittagong, is said to have made the first announcement of the declaration of independence over
the radio on 26 March 1971. In consonance with Bangabandhu's Declaration of Independence, a
provisional revolutionary government was formed in exile on April 17, 1971 in Mujibnagar with
Bangabandhu as the President in absentia, in his absence, the Acting President Syed Nazrul
with Tajuddin Ahmed as Prime Minister coordinated the war operations, arranged funds and
carried on negotiations with foreign governments. The war broke out. India provided economic,
military and diplomatic support to the Mukti Bahini rebels. By December 1971 the genocide had
decimated Bengali society. During the nine month struggle which ensued an estimated three
Million Bengalis died and ten million refugees fled into India Sheikh Mujib was imprisoned in
West Pakistan.A Bangladesh Government in exile was established. The actual military campaign
took place in December and lasted only ten days. The Indian Army launched a massive offensive
against the Pakistan forces to support the Bangladesh movement. On December 16, 1971 the
Pakistan army surrendered. Our Victory Day confirmed the birth of Bangladesh on the World
[Link] people Bangladesh also snatched the desired sun of independence in1971in the spirit of
a bloody struggle and liberation war following the path of eternal truth according of river .The
freedom ,we achieved at the cost of 3 Million lives is eternal.
Reflection of the spirit of liberation war: The development and reflection of the spirit of the
liberation war can be noticed in our various activities. The spirit of liberation war reflected in the
celebrations of Independence Day,Victory Day, Intellectual Assassination Day [Link] order to
keep the spirit of the liberation war bright, various sculptures were made on average. Various
types of sculptures were made to make the war of liberation unforgettable to the people of
Bangladesh. Savar National Memorial, Mujibnagar Independence Declaration Monument,
Aparajaye Bangla in front of Kala Bhavan of Dhaka University, Sculpture on the east side of
Raekeya Hall, Sculpture at Gazipur Crossroads etc. have reflected the spirit of Bangladesh
Liberation War. The Liberation War Museum has been set up in Dhaka's teak garden.
Numerous memories and materials of the liberation war have been collected here. These
memorabilia will reflect the spirit of the liberation war in the minds of the next generation.
The spirit of the war of liberation in Bengali literature: The spirit of the war of liberation has
been reflected most in the literature of Bangladesh. Stories, novels, plays, music, essays and

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innumerable poems have been written with the tragic stories and heroic stories of the liberation
war. In the words of Mahbubul Alam, “The post-war Bangladesh novels have a significant
reflection of the liberation war. The eyewitness novelists could not ignore the turmoil that took
place in the life here against the backdrop of the freedom struggle. Therefore, in the novel here,
along with the depiction of the war of liberation, patterns of post-war life are also being
published. Shawkat Osman's 'Two Soldiers', Syed Shamsul Haque's 'Sapphire Sting', Rabia
Khatun's 'Freedom Fighter's Wife, Anna Pasha's Rifle Raeti Aurat', Rizia Rahman's 'Blood
Letter', Selina Hassan's 'Shark River Grenade', Imdadul Shirin Majid's novels like 'Apu Vijay
Dekheni' etc. are based on the liberation war. All the stories have been written in Shawkat
Osman's book 'Janma Jid Tab Bange'. About the liberation war of Bangladesh. The selected
stories of the liberation war of Bangladesh have been published with the spirit of the liberation
war. Kalyan Mitra's play 'Jallader Darbar' caused a stir during the war of liberation. Among
them are village poet Jasimuddin and Sufia. Poems of the war of liberation have been created by
almost all the poets of Bangladesh, old and young. A new stream of literature has been born.
Kamal, Ahsan Habib, Sikandar Abu Jafar, Shamsul Rahman, Jahanara Arju, Hasan Hafizur
Rahman, Alauddin Al Azad, Al Mahmud, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Syed Shamsul Haque,
Fazal Shahabuddin, Mahad Chowdhury , Humayun Azad, Muhammad Nurul Huda, especially
noteworthy. Jasimuddin's 'Dagdhagram Ahsan Ahsan Habib's March', Sikandar Abu Jafar's
'Without Bangla, Alauddin Al Azad's Freedom Fighter', Fazal Shahabuddin's 'Bangladesh
Ekattarer', Mahadev a Freedom Fighter's Diary, Abdul Mannan Syed's Liberation War Notable
poems.
Our achievements: We have been commemorating the 49th year of Bangladesh’s independence
over the last year. In these 49 years Bangladesh has registered many gains for which we should
feel proud. We have established a globally competitive garment industry moved ahead of India
in particular areas of human development and gender parity, extended micro-credit to 30 million
women and drastically reduced aid dependence through an explosive growth in remittances by
our hard working migrants. In terms of reducing infant mortality, immunization program to
prevent epidemics, enrolment in primary education, poverty alleviation through micro credit,
disaster management Bangladesh has become an example for many countries to emulate. Many
advanced countries take lessons from us how to manage natural disasters. Micro credit revolution
in Bangladesh has become a model for both developed and developing countries. In foreign

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policy, Bangladesh has made a mark as a responsible nation. The trust and confidence reposed in
Bangladesh by the international community is demonstrated by the fact that it became a member
of the UN Security Council four years after its admission to the UN (1978), a rare feat of
success. Bangladesh was again elected in 1999 as a member of the Security Council. The
Bangladesh foreign minister was president of the UN General Assembly in 1986. Bangladesh's
commitment to peace is demonstrated by its contribution to UN peacekeeping missions. So far,
about 70,000 soldiers have participated in 35 peacekeeping missions in 26 countries. We have
furthermore held four treasonably free and fair elections where incumbent regimes have been
emplaced by opposition parties through the ballot box. These are not inconsiderable
achievements for a country once written off as a basket case.
Yet to achieve: 1. Our emergence as a separate nation-state was the direct outcome of persistent
denial of democratic rights to the people of Bangladesh the Pakistani ruling class. The liberation
war was, thus, the final se of our democratic struggle. It is a tragedy for Bangladesh that r
nationhood emerged out of our quest for democracy yet we have spent most of our national
existence frustrating its realization. We have lived through long episodes of martial rule and
civilian autocracy. In 1990 when the Ershad autocracy was overthrown a mass mobilization the
nation experienced the excitement of through a second rebirth of democracy. But who would
have imagined that within 17 years of this renewal of democracy our confrontational style of
politics would have reached a point where the military were once again provided with an
opportunity to intervene in the political process through the process of Emergency Rule.
2. There is no evidence that we have learnt the right lessons from our most recent malfunction of
the democratic process. The politics of confrontation and intolerance appears to be once again
permeating our political culture. The political opposition, over successive regimes, has been
marginalized, partly as a result of its own political immaturity in boycotting parliament thereby
violating its democratic mandate, Ás a result of these endemic boycotts four successive
parliaments have been rendered virtually dysfunctional in their incapacity to discharge their
primary mandate of keeping the executive accountable to the will of the voters.
3. The purveyors of violence, the mastaans, have served to undermine our public educational
institutions, interfere with the working of the administration, challenge the credibility of our
institutions of law enforcement and compromise the vitality of our investment climate.i2

[Link] Literature Book

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4. Our administration has become ineffective where both recruitment and advancement have
been politicized and divorced from performance or norms. As a result virtually all public
services as well as law enforcement have become partisanised.
5. The last remaining bastion of the rule of law, the judiciary, is now under threat. Over the
years, the lower judiciary has degenerated into a politicized instrument of the ruling party.
6. The appointments to the Election Commission (EC) had been similarly politicized up to the
tenure of the last elected government. It remains to be seen how far the new appointments to the
EC, who are expected to preside over the next round of elections to parliament in 2014, will be
selected on the basis of merit and consensus. Integrity of the very institutions to safeguard the
democratic credentials of our electoral process needs to be protected.
7. The last recourse of democracy, the free media, is demonstrating considerable resilience. But
the security of journalists has been periodically endangered and the independent press itself faces
a constant struggle to secure itself from both state pressure and private terror.

Failures of spirit of liberation war in national life: Bangladesh became independent with the
demand for full development of the people within a non-sectarian, non-communal state
structure. The dream of the martyrs of liberation war to build a true, beautiful, welfare and
humane democratic society in a self-reliant Bangladesh through economic liberation. The nature
of national consciousness to take the country on the path of overall development and progress,
democracy and equality is the main fact the spirit of the war of liberation .Today’s demand is
the to develop the spirit of liberation war in the national life. Because even after independent,
the country’s economic liberation was not achieved. Secularism, equality, nationalism is missing
in society today. Democracy is not developing in the country. Political instability and corruption
are major problems of Bangladesh. In short, the form of Bengali society today is horrible, where
normal human development is almost impossible.
Conclusion: In this quest for recapturing the dreams which motivated our liberation struggle we
should recognize that in 49 years much has changed not just in Bangladesh but in the world and
our position within the world. This does not mean that the foundational principles which
underwrote the liberation struggle should be compromised in the quest for introducing
contemporary relevance into our policy agendas. There are certain truths which remain
immutable and this includes the commitment of our founding fathers to build a society based on

[Link] Asraful Islam

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democracy, national self belief, tolerance and social justice. The critical challenge is to calibrate
our foundational beliefs to the realities of the 21st century. In conclusion it must be stated that
the emergence of two societies remains in violation of the social contract which has underwritten
Bangladesh's struggle for liberation. When the common people of Bangladesh were mobilised
behind the liberation struggle they did not expect that their rulers would preside over the
emergence of an unjust social order as well as a malfunctioning system of governance. The sense
of anger and frustration which permeates our society originates in this sense of disappointed
expectations that we have failed to honour the hopes and spirit of the Liberation War.

References:
1. English For Law Book; Hossain Mohammad Reza
2. [Link] Rehman Sobhan
3. [Link]
[Link] Essay & literature Book ;Mosiur Rahman & MMU Sadik
[Link] translate