Chapter Notes - Rural Administration
• India is a vast country with a vast land area.
• There are more than six lakh villages in India.
• It does not provide basic necessities like water, electricity and
roads to all these villages.
• To keep villages on track, it is necessary to maintain law and
order in villages and keep a record of its land and revenue.
This is the task of rural administration.
Dispute: Police Station
(i) In case of a dispute, in an area people go to the police station.
(ii) A particular police station works for a particular area and all
people living in that area are to report any crime, theft, accident or
injury, etc. in their own police station.
(iii) In a dispute when a person files a report in the police station it is
called First Information Report (FIR).
Maintenance of Land Records
i) The village Patwari keeps a record of the land areas kept by
people.
ii) A Patwari deals with measuring land and maintaining the land
records belonging to different villages.
iii) The village Patwari is also responsible for the collection of land
revenue from the village.
iv) The Patwari is assisted by other officers.
Rural Administration: How does it Work Efficiently:
(i) India is divided into states and union territories. These territories
are in turn divided into districts.
(ii) In order to run the administration, the district comprises of adjacent
villages and towns. The district headquarters are located at a central
place. The revenue department manages all work related to land.
(iii) The district collector is the head of the revenue department.
Tehsildar, Naib tehsildar, etc. assist him in his work.
Hindu Law (Hindu Succession Amendment Act 2005)
(i) In ancient times only sons got a share in their father’s property.
(ii) After the Hindu Succession Amendment Act 2005, women are
entitled to an equal share in their father’s property.
NCERT
Questions
Q1. What is the work of the police?
Answer
Work of the police:
(i) Maintenance of law and order.
(ii) Investigation of a case or taking FIR.
(iii) Protection of the public and their property.
(iv) Maintenance of public safety.
(v) Testifying truthfully in the court.
Q2. List two things that the work of a Patwari includes.
Answer
Two things that the work of a Patwari includes:
(i) Main work is measuring of land and keeping land records.
(ii) Collection of land revenue from farmers.
(iii) Providing information to the government about the growth of the
crops.
Q3. What is the work of a tehsildar?
Answer
Work of the tehsildar:
(i) Hearing disputes related to lands.
(ii) Supervising the work of the Patwaris.
(iii) Ensuring that land records are properly kept.
(iv) Ensuring the proper collection of land revenue.
(v) Making sure that the farmers can easily obtain a copy of their
record.
(vi) Caste certificates for the students.
Q4. What issue is the poem trying to raise? Do you think this is
an important issue? Why?
Answer
The poem is trying to ruse the issue of gender discrimination based
on the inheritance of land by their father.
Yes, this is an important issue because:
(i) Daughters are denied of the share.
(ii) Son does not look after their mother and sisters after getting a
share of the property.
(iii) Raising this issue will ensure the security of women.
Q5. In what ways are the work of the Panchayat, that you read
about in the previous chapter, and the work of the Patwari related
to each other?
Answer
(i) Panchayat often settles the small disputes of lands between locals
and Patwari maintains the land records and land settle disputes.
(ii) Panchayat levied local taxes and revenue while Patwari organises
the collected revenues.
(iii) Both Patwari and Panchayat need to cooperate with each other on
the construction work over land area.
Q6. Visit a police station and find out the work that the police
have to do to prevent crime and maintain law and order in their
area especially during festivals, public meetings etc.
Answer
Work is done by the police to prevent crime and maintain law and
order in their area especially during festivals, public meetings:
(i) They enquire about the amount of crowd to be gathered in their
local areas.
(ii) According to the crowd, they prepare for the proper management
and policemen set up on the duty.
(iii) They also spread awareness among the public to be careful and
maintain peace.
(iv) They prepare for any emergency and ready to handle it.
(v) All local police station is always in contact with their head branch
and cooperate with each other.
Q7. Who is in charge of all the police stations in a district? Find
out.
Answer
Superintendent of police (SP) is in charge of all the police stations in a
district while the local police station is headed by Station House
Officer (SHO).
Q8. How do women benefit under the new law?
Answer
Benefits to women under the new law:
(i) Earlier they were not entitled to their ancestor’s property but now
they are.
(ii) It makes women more independent and economically secure.
(iii) This also empowers the women and they can leave peacefully
within the society.
(iv) They can also start their own work after acquiring their shares in
the property.
(v) They will be not excused over beneficial and economical
decisions.
Q9. In your neighbourhood are there women who own property?
How did they acquire it?
Answer
Yes, in my neighborhood many women have their own property. Some
acquire it from their ancestors or forefathers while some bought their
property from their own income source.